Effects of Althaea officinalis supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant, stress, and immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Boran Karataş; Doğukan Kaya

doi:10.12714/egejfas.42.3.08

TR EN

Althaea officinalis katkısının gökkuşağı alabalığında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) büyüme performansı ve antioksidan, stres ve bağışıklık ile ilgili gen ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, başlangıç ortalama canlı ağırlığı 2,48 ± 0,01 g olan gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Althaea officinalis ekstraktının büyüme performansı, antioksidan savunma, stres ve bağışıklıkla ilişkili gen ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla 42 günlük bir besleme denemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, biri bazal kontrol diyeti (C) ve diğer ikisi farklı düzeylerde A. officinalis ekstraktı içeren (AO1: 1 g kg⁻¹, AO2: 2 g kg⁻¹) olmak üzere üç deneysel diyet formüle edilmiştir. Büyüme parametreleri, A. officinalis takviyesi yapılan gruplarda kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde artış göstermiştir (P < 0,05). Antioksidan enzimlerden süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) genlerinin ekspresyon düzeyleri, takviye edilen gruplarda anlamlı şekilde yükselmiştir (P < 0,05). Ayrıca, stres ve bağışıklıkla ilişkili genler olan interlökin-1β (IL-1β), tümör nekroz faktör-alfa (TNF-α), interlökin-8 (IL-8) ve ısı şok proteini 70 (HSP-70) genlerinin ekspresyon düzeyleri de A. officinalis ekstraktı ilavesiyle anlamlı şekilde etkilenmiştir (P < 0,05). Genel olarak, bu bulgular A. officinalis ekstraktı içeren diyetlerin gökkuşağı alabalıklarında antioksidan kapasiteyi artırabileceğini, stres ve bağışıklıkla ilişkili gen ekspresyonunu düzenleyebileceğini ve sağlıklı büyümeyi destekleyebileceğini deneysel olarak ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yararlı etkiler, antioksidan ve immünomodülatör özellikleriyle bilinen A. officinalis'te bulunan flavonoidler ve fenolik bileşiklerin varlığına bağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Effects of Althaea officinalis supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant, stress, and immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Abstract

In this study, a 42-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Althaea officinalis extract on growth performance, antioxidant defense, stress-associated, and immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with an initial average body weight of 2.48 ± 0.01 g. Three experimental diets were formulated: a basal control diet (C) and two diets supplemented with different levels of A. officinalis extract (AO1, 1 g kg-1 and AO2, 2 g kg-1). Growth indices showed significant improvements in both A. officinalis supplemented groups compared to the C group (P < 0.05). Gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly elevated in the supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of stress, and immune-related genes, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), was also significantly influenced by dietary inclusion of A. officinalis extract (P < 0.05). Overall, these findings provide experimental evidence that dietary inclusion of A. officinalis extract enhances antioxidant capacity, modulates stress and immune-related gene expression, and promotes healthy growth in rainbow trout. These beneficial effects may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in A. officinalis, which are known for their antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties.

Keywords

Destekleyen Kurum

This study did not receive any financial support, grant, or assistance from any public, commercial, or nonprofit funding organization.

Etik Beyan

The experiment was approved by the Local Ethics Committee for Aquatic Vertebrates at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University (Protocol No: 2025/08) and was conducted in accordance with standard ethical guidelines.

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Balık Yetiştiriciliği

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Boran Karataş ^*
0000-0003-4353-1293
Türkiye

Doğukan Kaya
0000-0002-8832-5496
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

1 Eylül 2025

Yayımlanma Tarihi

10 Eylül 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

17 Temmuz 2025

Kabul Tarihi

1 Ağustos 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 42 Sayı: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.42.3.08

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56JM45JE

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Karataş, B., & Kaya, D. (2025). Effects of Althaea officinalis supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant, stress, and immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42(3), 256-262. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.42.3.08