Araştırma Makalesi
Farklı protein düzeyli diyetlerle beslenen karadeniz alabalığı (Salmo trutta labrax)’nın büyüme performansı ve bağırsak villi morfolojisinin belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu çalışma, üç farklı protein düzeyi (%40, %50 ve %55) içeren
diyetlerle beslenen yavru Karadeniz alabalığı (Salmo trutta labrax)’ nın
büyüme performansı ve bağırsak villi morfolojisindeki değişimleri belirlemek
için yapılmıştır. Çalışma tatlısu (kapalı devre) ve deniz suyu olmak üzere iki
ayrı yetiştiricilik şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Başlangıç ağırlıkları 3.44 g
(tatlısu) ve 17.70 g (deniz suyu) ortalamalarına sahip yavru Karadeniz
alabalıkları 90 gün boyunca beslenmiştir. Ağırlık artışı, spesifik büyüme
oranı, yem değerlendirme oranı ve yaşama oranı diyetsel uygulamalardan
etkilenmemiş, bağırsak villi uzunluğu (VL), genişliği (VW) ve uzunluğun
genişliğe oranı (VL/VW) ise diyetsel uygulamalardan etkilenmiştir. Tatlısuda
%50 protein içeren diyetle beslenen balıkların VL, VW ve VL/VW değerleri diğer
iki diyetle beslenenlerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Deniz suyunda ise %50
protein içeren diyetle beslenen balıkların VL değeri diğer iki diyetle
beslenenlerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, farklı protein
düzeylerinin yavru Karadeniz alabalığının büyüme performansı üzerinde herhangi
bir etkiye sahip olmadığı, ancak bağırsak villi morfolojisi üzerine etkiye sahip
olduğunu göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ahmad, M.H., Abdel-Tawwab, M., & Khattab, Y.A.E. (2004). Effect of dietary proteın levels on growth performance and protein utilization in Nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus l.) with different initıal body weights. The sixth international symposium on tilapia in aquaculture, Manila, Philippine.
- Anonymous., (2017). The Importance of Amino Acids in Fish Farming. Date accessed: 09.10.2017.
- Amoah, Y.T. (2011). Effect of dietary protein levels on growth and protein utilization in juvenile arctic char (Salvinus alpinus). United Nations University Fisheries Training Programme, Iceland (final Project). http://www.unuftp.is/static/fellows/document/yaa11prf.pdf.
- AOAC. (2009). Food analysis, Vol. Chapt. ed. Gaithersburg.
- Cankiriligil, E.C., Cakmak, E., & Ozcan Akpınar, I. (2016). Histological Development of the Digestive Tract of Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax PALLAS, 1811) During Larval Ontogeny, in: 41th CIESM Congress Living Resources & Marine Ecosystems Committe. p. 330. Chowdhary, S., Srivastava, P.P., Jena, J., Yadav, A.K., Dayal, R., Mishra, S., & Srivastava, S.M. (2013). Histological studies of the intestine in threatened Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) fingerlings fed with animal or plant origin protein blended with glucosamine. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 1(2), 50-55.
- Dosdat, A., Metailler, R., Desbruyeres, E., & Huelvan, C. (1997). Cornparison of brown trout (Salmo trutta) reared in fresh water and sea water to freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) : 1. Growth and nitrogen balance. Aquat. Living Resource, 10(3), 157-167.
- Ebrahimi, G., and Ouraji, H. (2012). Growth performance and body composition of kutum fi ngerlings, Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii 1901), in response to dietary protein levels. Turk J Zool, 36 (4), 551-558.
- Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sladane-Stanley, G.H.A. (1957). Simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissue. J. Biol. Chem 226, 497–509.
- Heidarieh, M., Mirvaghefi, A.R., Sepahi, A., Sheikhzadeh, N., Shahbazfar, A.A., & Akbari, M. (2013). Effects of dietary aloe vera on growth performance, skin and gastrointestine morphology in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13, 367-373. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13-2-20.
- Horwitz, W. (2000). Official methods of analysis of AOAC international (Oma). Education Gaithersburg. Jutfelt, F. (2006). The Intestinal Epithelium of Salmonids. Department of Zoology, Zoophysiology Göteborg University.
- Karabulut, A. (1991). Animal feeding physiology and metabolism course note. Uludag Univesity, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa, Turkey.
- Khojasteh, S.M. B., Sheikhzadeh, F., Mohammadnejad, D., & Azami, A. (2009). Histological, Histochemical and Ultrastructural Study of the Intestine of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). World Applied Sciences Journal 6 (11), 1525-1531.
- Khojasteh, S.M.B. (2012). The morphology of the post-gastric alimentary canal in teleost fishes: a brief review. International Journal of Aquatic Science. 3(2).
- Lall S.P. & Anderson S. (2005) Amino acid nutrition of salmonids: Dietary requirements and bioavailability. In: Montero D. (ed.), Basurco B. (ed.), Nengas I. (ed.), Alexis M. (ed.), Izquierdo M. (ed.). Mediterranean fish nutrition. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, (2005). p. 73-90. (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 63). Workshop on Mediterranean Fish Nutrition, 2002/06/01-02, Rhodes (Greece). Michel-Parra, J.G., Orozco Hernandez, J.R., Ruiz Garcia, I.J. & Montanes Valdez, O.D. (2007). Effect of protein level on Alevins growth and intestinal villi development of Tilapia (Orechromis aureus). Journal of Fisheries International 2(3), 211-213.
- Merrifield, D.L., Olsen, R.E., Myklebust, R. & Ringø, E. (2011). Dietary Effect of Soybean (Glycine max) Products on Gut Histology and Microbiota of Fish. INTECH Open Access Publisher.
- Quillet, E., Faure, A., Chevassus, B., Krieg, F., Harache, Y., Arzel, J., Metailler, R. & Boeuf, G. (1992). The potential of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) for mariculture in temperate waters. Presented at Study course on aquaculture of arctic charr and brown trout, Reykjavik, ISL (1991-08-16 - 1991-08-18). http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/160662.
- Özel, O.T., Coşkun, I. & Çakmak, E. (2018a). Intestine Villi Morphology of Black Sea Trout (Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814). LimnoFish, 4(1), 42-46. DOI: 10.17216/LimnoFish.365434
- Özel, O.T., Çakmak, E. & Coşkun, I. (2017). Intestine Villi Morphology of Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas, 1811): In Seawater and After Freshwater Transfer. 1st International Symposium on Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries. 04-06 October 2017, Isparta.
- Özel, O.T., Çakmak, E. & Öztürk, E. (2018b). Effects of Alternative Oil Sources on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism and mRNA level of Some Genes in Juvenile Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas,1811). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18, 891-903. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v18-7-07
- Ramezani, H. (2009). Effects of Different Protein and Energy Levels on Growth Prformance of Caspian Brown Trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler, 1877). Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2009.203.209
- Raskovic, B.S., Stankovic, M.B., Markovic, Z.Z. & Poleksic, V.D. (2011). Histological methods in the assessment of different feed effects on liver and intestine of fish. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 56(1), 87-100. DOI: 10.2298/JAS1101087R
- Santigosa, E., García-Meilan, I., Valentin, J.M., Perez-Sanchez, J., Medale, F., Kaushik, S. & Gallardo, M.A. (2011). Modifications of intestinal nutrient absorption in response to dietary fish meal replacement by plant protein sources in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 317(1-4), 146-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.04.026
- Somsueb, P. (2017). Protein and energy requirement and feeding of fish. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=23164878DB2611BBD42448A6F2AE045B?doi=10.1.1.526.3067&rep=rep1&type=pdf. Date accessed: 09.10.2017.
- Tabak I., Aksungur M., Zengin M., Yılmaz C., Aksungur N., Alkan A., Zengin B., & Mısır D.S. (2002). Project for the investigation of the cultural feasibility and the determination of the biotechnological properties of the Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax, Pallas 1811). Final report. General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies. 98/12/01/007. p. 173.
- Yadav, A.K., Srivastava, P.P., Chowdhary, S., Lakra, W.S., Shrivastava, P., & Dayal, R. (2014). Histological alterations in the intestine of threatened Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus fed with different types of fats through semi-purified diets. Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(2), 35-41.
- Xu Z.R., Hu C.H., Xia M.S., Zhan X.A., & Wang M.Q. (2003). Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, ıntestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers, Poultry Science, 82, 1030- 1036.
- Zaki, M.A., Salem, M.A., Gaber, M.M. & Nour, A.M. (2015). Effect of chitosan supplemented diet on survival, growth, feed utilization, body composition & histology of Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 3, 38-47. DOI: 10.4236/wjet.2015.34C005
Evaluation of growth performance and intestine villi morphology of black sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax) fed with different protein levels containing diets
Öz
This study was conducted to determine
changes in the growth performance and distal intestine villi morphology of juvenile Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax)
fed diets with three different protein levels (40%, 45% and 50%). It was
carried out in two separate sections; freshwater (RAS) and seawater. Juvenile Black Sea trout, having average initial
weights of 3.44g (freshwater)
and 17.70g (seawater), were fed
for 90 days. WG, SGR, FCR and survival weren’t affected by dietary treatment.
However distal intestine villi length (VL), width (VW) and length to width
ratio (VL/VW) were affected by dietary treatments. Villi length, width and
length to width ratio in the fish fed with diet containing 50% protein in
freshwater were found to be higher than those fed with other diets. Villi
length in the fish fed with diet containing 50% protein in seawater was higher
than those fed with other diets. Results showed that feeding with diets
contained different protein levels did not effect on growth performance of
Juvenile Black Sea trout, but
affected on distal intestine villi morphology.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ahmad, M.H., Abdel-Tawwab, M., & Khattab, Y.A.E. (2004). Effect of dietary proteın levels on growth performance and protein utilization in Nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus l.) with different initıal body weights. The sixth international symposium on tilapia in aquaculture, Manila, Philippine.
- Anonymous., (2017). The Importance of Amino Acids in Fish Farming. Date accessed: 09.10.2017.
- Amoah, Y.T. (2011). Effect of dietary protein levels on growth and protein utilization in juvenile arctic char (Salvinus alpinus). United Nations University Fisheries Training Programme, Iceland (final Project). http://www.unuftp.is/static/fellows/document/yaa11prf.pdf.
- AOAC. (2009). Food analysis, Vol. Chapt. ed. Gaithersburg.
- Cankiriligil, E.C., Cakmak, E., & Ozcan Akpınar, I. (2016). Histological Development of the Digestive Tract of Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax PALLAS, 1811) During Larval Ontogeny, in: 41th CIESM Congress Living Resources & Marine Ecosystems Committe. p. 330. Chowdhary, S., Srivastava, P.P., Jena, J., Yadav, A.K., Dayal, R., Mishra, S., & Srivastava, S.M. (2013). Histological studies of the intestine in threatened Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) fingerlings fed with animal or plant origin protein blended with glucosamine. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 1(2), 50-55.
- Dosdat, A., Metailler, R., Desbruyeres, E., & Huelvan, C. (1997). Cornparison of brown trout (Salmo trutta) reared in fresh water and sea water to freshwater rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) : 1. Growth and nitrogen balance. Aquat. Living Resource, 10(3), 157-167.
- Ebrahimi, G., and Ouraji, H. (2012). Growth performance and body composition of kutum fi ngerlings, Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii 1901), in response to dietary protein levels. Turk J Zool, 36 (4), 551-558.
- Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sladane-Stanley, G.H.A. (1957). Simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissue. J. Biol. Chem 226, 497–509.
- Heidarieh, M., Mirvaghefi, A.R., Sepahi, A., Sheikhzadeh, N., Shahbazfar, A.A., & Akbari, M. (2013). Effects of dietary aloe vera on growth performance, skin and gastrointestine morphology in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13, 367-373. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13-2-20.
- Horwitz, W. (2000). Official methods of analysis of AOAC international (Oma). Education Gaithersburg. Jutfelt, F. (2006). The Intestinal Epithelium of Salmonids. Department of Zoology, Zoophysiology Göteborg University.
- Karabulut, A. (1991). Animal feeding physiology and metabolism course note. Uludag Univesity, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa, Turkey.
- Khojasteh, S.M. B., Sheikhzadeh, F., Mohammadnejad, D., & Azami, A. (2009). Histological, Histochemical and Ultrastructural Study of the Intestine of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). World Applied Sciences Journal 6 (11), 1525-1531.
- Khojasteh, S.M.B. (2012). The morphology of the post-gastric alimentary canal in teleost fishes: a brief review. International Journal of Aquatic Science. 3(2).
- Lall S.P. & Anderson S. (2005) Amino acid nutrition of salmonids: Dietary requirements and bioavailability. In: Montero D. (ed.), Basurco B. (ed.), Nengas I. (ed.), Alexis M. (ed.), Izquierdo M. (ed.). Mediterranean fish nutrition. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, (2005). p. 73-90. (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 63). Workshop on Mediterranean Fish Nutrition, 2002/06/01-02, Rhodes (Greece). Michel-Parra, J.G., Orozco Hernandez, J.R., Ruiz Garcia, I.J. & Montanes Valdez, O.D. (2007). Effect of protein level on Alevins growth and intestinal villi development of Tilapia (Orechromis aureus). Journal of Fisheries International 2(3), 211-213.
- Merrifield, D.L., Olsen, R.E., Myklebust, R. & Ringø, E. (2011). Dietary Effect of Soybean (Glycine max) Products on Gut Histology and Microbiota of Fish. INTECH Open Access Publisher.
- Quillet, E., Faure, A., Chevassus, B., Krieg, F., Harache, Y., Arzel, J., Metailler, R. & Boeuf, G. (1992). The potential of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) for mariculture in temperate waters. Presented at Study course on aquaculture of arctic charr and brown trout, Reykjavik, ISL (1991-08-16 - 1991-08-18). http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/160662.
- Özel, O.T., Coşkun, I. & Çakmak, E. (2018a). Intestine Villi Morphology of Black Sea Trout (Salmo labrax Pallas, 1814). LimnoFish, 4(1), 42-46. DOI: 10.17216/LimnoFish.365434
- Özel, O.T., Çakmak, E. & Coşkun, I. (2017). Intestine Villi Morphology of Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas, 1811): In Seawater and After Freshwater Transfer. 1st International Symposium on Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries. 04-06 October 2017, Isparta.
- Özel, O.T., Çakmak, E. & Öztürk, E. (2018b). Effects of Alternative Oil Sources on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism and mRNA level of Some Genes in Juvenile Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas,1811). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18, 891-903. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v18-7-07
- Ramezani, H. (2009). Effects of Different Protein and Energy Levels on Growth Prformance of Caspian Brown Trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler, 1877). Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2009.203.209
- Raskovic, B.S., Stankovic, M.B., Markovic, Z.Z. & Poleksic, V.D. (2011). Histological methods in the assessment of different feed effects on liver and intestine of fish. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 56(1), 87-100. DOI: 10.2298/JAS1101087R
- Santigosa, E., García-Meilan, I., Valentin, J.M., Perez-Sanchez, J., Medale, F., Kaushik, S. & Gallardo, M.A. (2011). Modifications of intestinal nutrient absorption in response to dietary fish meal replacement by plant protein sources in sea bream (Sparus aurata) and rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 317(1-4), 146-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.04.026
- Somsueb, P. (2017). Protein and energy requirement and feeding of fish. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=23164878DB2611BBD42448A6F2AE045B?doi=10.1.1.526.3067&rep=rep1&type=pdf. Date accessed: 09.10.2017.
- Tabak I., Aksungur M., Zengin M., Yılmaz C., Aksungur N., Alkan A., Zengin B., & Mısır D.S. (2002). Project for the investigation of the cultural feasibility and the determination of the biotechnological properties of the Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax, Pallas 1811). Final report. General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies. 98/12/01/007. p. 173.
- Yadav, A.K., Srivastava, P.P., Chowdhary, S., Lakra, W.S., Shrivastava, P., & Dayal, R. (2014). Histological alterations in the intestine of threatened Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus fed with different types of fats through semi-purified diets. Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(2), 35-41.
- Xu Z.R., Hu C.H., Xia M.S., Zhan X.A., & Wang M.Q. (2003). Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, ıntestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers, Poultry Science, 82, 1030- 1036.
- Zaki, M.A., Salem, M.A., Gaber, M.M. & Nour, A.M. (2015). Effect of chitosan supplemented diet on survival, growth, feed utilization, body composition & histology of Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 3, 38-47. DOI: 10.4236/wjet.2015.34C005
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Haziran 2018 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 8 Aralık 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018Cilt: 35 Sayı: 2 |