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A case study for preventing illegal trawl fishery: The application of antitrawl artificial reef and design criteria

Year 2016, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 27 - 34, 23.03.2016

Mesut Ulugöl F. Ozan Düzbastılar

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.1.05
Cited By: 1

Abstract

The case study was carried out to prevent illegal trawl fisheries in İzmir Bay. Fishing ports, fishing vessels (length, engine power, commercial fishing
licence etc.) and trawl net specifications (horizontal mouth opening, NH; trawl net length, NL etc.) were surveyed. The number of trawlers fishing illegally off İzmir
which were seized by Turkish Coast Guard (TCG) between 2010 and 2014 was approximate 160. The plots of illegal trawlers caught in fishing area by TCG were
marked on the map. It was obtained that trawlers fishing illegally smaller than 12 m and engine power of vessels were between 7 and 452 kW in İzmir. 98.2% of
seized illegal trawlers in İzmir Bay had no fishing license and had maximum 286 kW engine power. Of these, 64% of trawlers were caught near coasts of Tuzla
and Güzelbahçe localities. Therefore, two artificial reef sites (Tuzla and Güzelbahçe) were concluded in the Middle Bay of İzmir. While planning the project,
banned dive sites for Preservation of Culture and Natural Heritage, previous artificial reef projects in the area, mud disposal site that is used during the cleaning
of the inner bay, legal fishing activities, wave and current data in İzmir Bay and water depths were considered. Anti-trawl blocks were planned to construct
reinforced concrete with 2.9 tones and 110x110x100 cubic centimeter. In the case where anti-trawl reefs are placed parallel to the coastline, total length of trawl
gear (LG) was found as 167 m from the distance between the blocks (DB); warp length (WL), sweep length (SL), and NL. In other case (perpendicular to the
coastline), minimum trawler was considered and distance between trawl doors (TD) was found as 22 m from NH, NL and, SL. Consequently, the distance
between anti-trawl blocks and deployment depths were determined as between 25-200 m and 23-47 m, respectively. The protection ratio was 0.2 ha/number and
total number of anti-trawl reefs was estimated as 6,808 for two artificial reef sites. The duration of the project was expected as nine months and the total budget
of the project (construction, transportation, deployment, renting etc.) was estimated as 8,046,856 TL.

Keywords

Illegal trawl fishing anti-traw artificial reef İzmir Bay design case study

References

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  • Düzbastılar, F.O. & Tokaç, A. (2003). Determination of effects of artificial reef size on local scouring phenomena resulting from wave action (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20:(3-4), 373-381.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O., Tosunoğlu, Z. & Kaykaç, H. (2003). Resistance calculation of the conventional and tailored demersal trawl nets with their gears theoretically (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 20 (1-2), 15-25.
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Yasadışı trol balıkçılığının engellenmesi için bir öneri: Anti-trol yapay resif uygulaması ve tasarım ölçütleri

Year 2016, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 27 - 34, 23.03.2016

Mesut Ulugöl F. Ozan Düzbastılar

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.1.05
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Çalışma, yasadışı trol avcılığının yoğun olduğu İzmir Orta Körfezi’ni “örnek olay” biçiminde derinlemesine incelenmesini ve çözüm için planlanan ön
hazırlıkları kapsamaktadır. Balıkçı barınakları, balıkçı tekneleri (boy, motor gücü, avcılık ruhsatı vb.) ve trol ağı özellikleri (yatay ağız açıklığı, YA; ağ uzunluğu,
AU vb.) tespit edilmiştir. İzmir’de 2010-2014 yılları arasında, Sahil Güvenlik unsurları tarafından yasadışı avcılık faaliyeti sırasında yakalanan trol teknesi 160
civarındadır. Yasadışı avcılık noktalarına ait koordinatlar deniz haritası üzerinde işaretlenmiştir. İzmir genelinde 12 m’den küçük teknelerle kaçak avcılığın
yapıldığı ve motor güçlerinin 7-452 kW arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. İzmir Körfezi’nde yakalananların %98,2’si trol avcılığı ruhsatı olmayan ve maksimum 286
kW motor gücüne sahip teknelerdir. Bu teknelerin %64’ü Güzelbahçe, Çamaltı Tuzlası ile Hekim Adası ve Çiçek Adaları arasında kalan alanda yakalanmıştır.
Buradan yola çıkarak yasadışı trol faaliyetlerinin anti-trol yapay resifleri (ATYR) ile engelleme yoluna gidilmiş, “Güzelbahçe Y. Resif Sahası” ve “Tuzla Y. Resif
Sahası” olmak üzere iki adet ATYR alanı belirlenmiştir. Kültür ve tabiat varlıklarının korunması için belirlenen dalışa yasak sahalar, bölgede yürütülmüş önceki
yapay resif projeleri, iç körfezin temizlenmesi sırasında kullanılan döküntü sahası, yasal avcılık faaliyetleri, İzmir Körfezi’ndeki dalga yüksekliği verileri ve su
derinlikleri dikkate alınmıştır. Donatılı betondan imal edilecek ATYR ağırlığı 2,9 ton ve boyutu 110x110x100 cm3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. ATYR bloklarının sahile
paralel yerleştirildiği durumda, bloklar arası mesafeyi (BAM) bulmak için çelik halat uzunluğu (CU), palamar halatı uzunluğu (PU) ve ağ uzunluğundan (AU) av
takımının toplam boyu (TB) 167 m olarak bulunmuştur. Sahile dik yerleştirilmesinde en küçük yasadışı trol teknesi temel alınmış, YA, AU, PU verilerinden trol
kapıları arası mesafe (KM) 22 m olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, 23-47 m derinlikler için, 200X25 m2
’lik düzenle, 0,2 ha/adet yoğunlukta, her iki bölge için
6808 adet ATYR’ye ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Projenin tamamlanma süresi 9 ay, maliyeti (inşa, nakliye, atım, kiralama bedeli vb.) 8.046.856 TL olarak ön görülmüştür.

Keywords

Yasadışı trol avcılığı anti-trol yapay resif İzmir Körfezi tasarım örnek olay

References

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  • Akyol, O. & Ceyhan, T. (2009). Catch per unit effort of coastal prawn trammel net fishery in İzmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Marine Science, 10 (1): 19-23.
  • Allemand, D., Debernardi, E. & Seaman, W. (2000). Artificial reefs in the principality of Monaco: Protection and enhancement of coastal zones. In: Jensen A., Collins K., Lockwood A. (Eds), Artificial Reefs in European Seas (pp. 151-166). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publ
  • Ayaz, A., Ünal, V. & Özekinci, U. (2004). An investigation on the determination of amount of lost set net which cause to ghost fishing in İzmir Bay (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 21(1-2): 35-38.
  • Baine, M. (2001). Artificial reefs: A review of their design, application, management and performance, Ocean & Coastal Management, 44: 241-259.
  • Bombace, G., Fabi, G. & Fiorentini, L. (1993). Census results on artificial reefs in the Mediterranean Sea, Bollettino Di Oceanologia Teoretica Ed Applicata, 11, (3-4), 257-263.
  • BSGM, 2012. Notification No. 2012/65 regulating commercial fisheries (in Turkish). Retrieved from http://mevzuat.basbakanlik.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKod=9.5.16536&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=3/1 (20.09.2015)
  • Düzbastılar, F.O. (2003). Comparison of local scour depths and wave-current characteristics of cubic artificial reef models deployed in different arrangements (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20 (3-4), 383-390.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O. & Tokaç, A. (2003). Determination of effects of artificial reef size on local scouring phenomena resulting from wave action (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20:(3-4), 373-381.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O., Tosunoğlu, Z. & Kaykaç, H. (2003). Resistance calculation of the conventional and tailored demersal trawl nets with their gears theoretically (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 20 (1-2), 15-25.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O. & Lök, A. (2004). Primary materials in construction of artificial reefs (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 21, (1-2), 181-185.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O., Lök, A., Ulaş, A. & Metin, C. (2006). Recent developments on artificial reef applications in Turkey: Hydraulic experiments, Bulletin of Marine Science, 78 (1), 195-202.
  • Düzbastılar, F.O. & Şentürk, U. (2009). Determining the weights of two types of artificial reefs required to resist wave action in different water depths and bottom slopes, Ocean Engineering, 36 (12-13), 900-913. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2009.06.008
  • Fabi, G. (2006). Le barriere artificiali in Italia (Artificial reefs in Italy). In: Campo Sperimentale in Mare: Prime Esperienze Nel Veneto Relative a Elevazioni del Fondale Con Materiale Inerte, pp. D.P. Maria Grazia pp. 20-34.
  • Gökçe, G., Metin, C., Aydın, İ. & Bayramiç, İ. (2005). The common squid (Loligo vulgaris Lam., 1798) fishery with shrimp trammel net in Izmir Bay (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 22, (3-4), 419-422.
  • Gökçe, G. & Çekiç, M. (2009). Artificial reef application for fishing in northern Mediterranean Sea (in Turkish). In: 13. Underwater Science and Technology Conference, 7-8 November, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, pp. 93-97.
  • Gökçe, G. (2013). Artificial anti-trawling reef project Adana, Turkey. In: The 10th International Conference on Artificial Reefs and Aquatic Habitats, 23-27 September, İzmir, pp. 65.
  • Guillén, J.E., Ramos, A.A., Martínez, L. & Sánchez Lizaso, J.L. (1994). Antitrawling reefs and the protection of Posidionia oceanica (L) Delile meadows in the Western Mediterranean Sea: Demand and aims, Bulletin of Marine Science, 55: (2-3), 645-650.
  • Hermsen, J.M., Collie, J.S. & Valentine, P.C. (2003). Mobile fishing gear reduces benthic megafaunal production on Georges Bank, Marine Ecology Progress Series, 260: 97–108. doi: 10.3354/meps260097
  • Iannibelli, M. & Musmarra, D. (2008). Effects of anti-trawling artificial reefs on fish assemblages: The case of Salerno Bay (Mediterranean Sea), Italian Journal of Zoology, 75:4, 385-394. doi: 10.1080/11250000802365290
  • Jennings, S., Dinmore, T.A., Duplisea, D.E., Warr, K.J. & Lancaster, J.E. (2001). Trawling disturbance can modify benthic production processes, Journal of Animal Ecology, 70: 459–475. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2656.2001.00504.x
  • Jensen, A. (2002). Artificial reefs of Europe: Perspective and future, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 59: 3-13. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.2002.1298
  • Jensen, A.C., Collins, K.L. & Lockwood, A.P.M. (2000). Current issues relating to artificial reefs in European Seas. In: A.C. Jensen, K.J., Collins and A.P.M., Lockwood (Eds.), Artificial Reefs in European Seas (pp. 489-499), U.K.
  • Kaykaç, M.H., Zengin, M., Özcan-Akpınar, İ. & Tosunoğlu, Z. (2014). Structural characteristics of towed fishing gears used in the Samsun coast (Black Sea) (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 31, (2), 87-96. doi: 10.12714/egejfas.2014.31.2.05
  • Kara, A. & Özekinci, U. (2002). Selectivity of gillnets used in Sardine fishing (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum, 1792) in Izmir Bay (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 19, (3-4), 465-472.
  • Kuperan, K. & Sutinen, J.G. (1998). Blue water crime: Deterrence, legitimacy, and compliance in fisheries, Wiley on behalf of the Law and Society Association, Law & Society Review, 32 (2), 309-338.
  • Lewison, R.L., Crowder, L.B., Read, A.J. & Freeman, S.A. (2004). Understanding impacts of fisheries bycatch on marine megafauna, TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution, 19 (11), 598-604.
  • Lök, A. (1995). A study on the feasibility of artificial reefs (PhD Thesis) (in Turkish with English abstract), Ege University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Fishing Technology Department, Code No: 10.7777.1800.000, Bornova-İzmir, 54pp.
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There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Maritime Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mesut Ulugöl

F. Ozan Düzbastılar

Publication Date March 23, 2016
Submission Date March 23, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016Volume: 33 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ulugöl, M., & Düzbastılar, F. O. (2016). Yasadışı trol balıkçılığının engellenmesi için bir öneri: Anti-trol yapay resif uygulaması ve tasarım ölçütleri. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 33(1), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.1.05

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