Sıfır atığa doğru: Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde sürdürülebilir atık yönetim

Hijran Yavuzcan; Serap Pulatsü

doi:10.12714/egejfas.39.4.11

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Sıfır atığa doğru: Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde sürdürülebilir atık yönetim

Öz

Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğine artan gereksinime paralel olarak artan üretim miktarı, işletmelerin atık miktarında da doğrusal bir artışa neden olmaktadır. Bu durum, yoğun su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde atık suların etkin bir şekilde arıtımı konusunu öne çıkarmaktadır. Günümüzde su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği kaynaklı atık suların arıtımında, geleneksel fiziksel ve kimyasal yöntemlerin yerine, ekosisteme duyarlı ve besin zincirinin farklı seviyelerinde üretimi devreye sokan sistemler daha fazla benimsenmeye başlanmıştır. Atık su içinde bulunan besin elementlerinin farklı bir gıda üretimiyle döngüye katılması, sıfır atık yaklaşımının esasını oluşturmaktadır. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği yapan işletmelerin çıkış sularını kullanan entegre üretim sistemleri (örneğin; akuaponik) atık içinde bulunan besin elementlerinin tekrar geri kazanımını sağlamaktadır. Entegre sistemler, su ürünleri atık sularının arıtımında hem atık içinde besin elementlerinin biyomasa dönüşümünü sağlamakta hem de çevreyle uyumlu arıtım yöntemi olarak değer kazanmaktadır. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği çıkış suları, entegre sistemler yardımıyla balık yanında ikili (örneğin; balık+midye) ya da üçlü (örneğin; balık+midye+yosun) yetiştiricilikte kullanılabilmektedir. Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği çıkış sularının yapay sulak alanlarda ya da bitki lagünlerinde belli besin elementlerinin azaltılması amacıyla kullanılması da sürdürülebilir yetiştiricilik ve atık su arıtımı için uygun yaklaşımlar arasındadır.

Bu derleme çalışmasında, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinden gelen atık suların arıtımına yönelik mevcut ve ekolojik bazda yenilikçi teknolojiler ele alınmış; sürdürülebilir su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği ve çevreyle uyumlu atık arıtımı için yapay sulak alanlar ve entegre multi-trofik yetiştiricilik sistemlerinin pratikte kullanımının artırılması gereği vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Towards zero waste: Sustainable waste management in aquaculture

Abstract

Increases in aquaculture production due to higher demand for aquatic foods result in an increase in the amount of aquaculture wastewater. This situation highlights the need for the effective treatment of wastewater in sustainable aquaculture. Today, instead of traditional physical and chemical methods in the treatment of wastewater originating from aquaculture, ecosystem-sensitive and by-product-oriented systems have begun to be adopted. The main principle of the zero-waste approach is the recycling of the nutrients in the wastewater to produce another food. In this new innovative approach, the production of other organisms from the different trophic levels using the wastewater of aquaculture in the integrated multi-trophic systems (such as aquaponics) is possible to recycle the nutrients. It has been considered the integrated multi-trophic systems (IMTA) more valuable as these systems can be used both in environment-friendly wastewater treatment and in the conversion of nutrients in wastewater to biomass. The nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater can be utilized to produce two organisms (i.e. fish+mussel) or three organisms (i.e. fish+mussel+seaweed) through IMTA. Aquaculture wastewater can be used to reduce the nutrients in constructed wetlands and plant lagoons representing the reasonable approach for sustainable aquaculture and wastewater treatment.

Here, the innovative approach to sustainable aquaculture wastewater treatment was reviewed for the current and innovative technologies. It was emphasized that the need for environment-friendly wastewater treatment Technologies such as aquaponics, enlargement of constructed wetlands, or increase in using the integrated multi-trophic production systems (IMTA) in practice are recommended for sustainable aquaculture.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Ecology , Environmental Sciences , Water Resources and Water Structures

Journal Section

Review

Authors

Hijran Yavuzcan ^*
0000-0001-6567-7467
Türkiye

Serap Pulatsü
0000-0001-5277-417X
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 15, 2022

Submission Date

February 11, 2022

Acceptance Date

April 5, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 39 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.39.4.11

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA34BG42NU

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yavuzcan, H., & Pulatsü, S. (2022). Sıfır atığa doğru: Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde sürdürülebilir atık yönetim. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 39(4), 341-348. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.39.4.11

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