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Marmara Denizi’nde iki demersal balık türünün bakalyaro (Merluccius merluccius Linnaeus, 1758) ve tekir (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758)’in otolit kimyası ve otolit morfolojisi üzerine ön çalışma

Yıl 2021, Cilt 38, Sayı 4, 515 - 521, 15.12.2021

Habib BAL Selim ESEN

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.13

Öz


Otolitler kalsiyum karbonat (CaCO3) birikimleridir. Farklı ekosistemlerin etkisi altında morfolojik ve kimyasal olarak değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ekonomik olarak önemli iki demersal balık türü; Bakalyaro Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) ve tekir (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758) balığına ait otolitler (Sagitta) hem kimyasal hem de morfolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Otolitlerin (uzunluk, mm; genişlik, mm; alan, mm2; çevre, mm) morfometrik ölçümleri Leica M125 tri-oküler mikroskop ile yapılmıştır. Otolit yapısındaki stronsiyum (Sr), magnezyum (Mg) ve kalsiyum (Ca) iz element miktarları ile Sr ve Mg eser elementlerinin Ca elementine (Sr/Ca ve Mg/Ca) oranları belirlenmiştir. Otolitlerin mikro kimyasal analizi için ICP-MS kullanılmıştır. En yüksek magnezyum (24,92±9,57 mmol/mol) ve stronsiyum (26,17±1,81 mmol/mol) element değerleri tekir otolitinde tespit edilmiştir. İki balık türü için stronsiyum (Sr) ve magnezyum (Mg) miktarları arasındaki fark önemli bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Ayrıca kalsiyum miktarı açısından aralarındaki farkın oldukça önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0,001). Otolitlerin şekil indeksleri iki balık türü arasında önemli ölçüde, özellikle yuvarlaklık (RD) ve en boy oranı (AR) açısından önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0,001). Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, ekonomik önemi olan iki demersal balık türünün habitatları hakkında bilgi verdiğinden; stokları, göç yolları ve sürdürülebilir balıkçılığın takibi açısından önem arz etmektedir.


Anahtar Kelimeler

Demersal balık, otolit kimyası, otolit morfolojisi, Marmara Denizi

Kaynakça

  • Avigliano, E., Martinez, C.F.R. & Volpedo, A.V. (2014). Combined use of otolith microchemistry and morphometry as indicators of the habitat of the silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) in a freshwater–estuarine environment. Fisheries Research, 149, 55-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.09.013
  • Avigliano, E. & Volpedo, A.V. (2013). Use of otolith strontium: calcium ratio as an indicator of seasonal displacements of the silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) in a freshwater–marine environment. Marine and Freshwater Research, 64(8), 746-751. DOI: 10.1071/MF12165
  • Bakkari, W., Mejri, M., Ben Mohamed, S., Chalh, A., Quignard, J.P. & Trabelsi, M. (2020). Shape and Symmetry in the otolith of two different species Mullus barbatus and Mullus surmuletus (actinopterygii: perciformes: mullidae) in Tunisian waters. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50(2). DOI: 10.3750/AIEP/02760
  • Bal, H., Türker, D. & Zengin, K. (2018). Morphological characteristics of otolith for four fish species in the Edremit Gulf, Aegean Sea, Turkey. Iranian Journal of Ichthyol, 5(4): 303-311
  • Barret, R. T. (1990). Diets of shags, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, and cormorants, P. carbo in Norway and possible implications for gadoid stock recruitment. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 66, 205-218. DOI: 10.3354/meps066205
  • Başusta, N. & Khan, U. (2021). Sexual dimorphism in the otolith shape of shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa (L.), in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Fish size–otolith size relationships. Journal of Fish Biology. 99(1), 164-174. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14708
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  • Campana, S.E. & Casselman, J.M. (1993). Stock discrimination using otolith shape analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 50(5), 1062-1083. DOI: 10.1139/f93-123
  • Campana, S. E., Gagné, J. A. & McLaren, J. W. (1995). Elemental fingerprinting of fish otoliths using ID-ICPMS. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 122, 115-120. DOI: 10.3354/meps122115
  • Campana, S.E. (1999). Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: pathways, mechanisms and applications. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 188, 263-297. DOI: 10.3354/meps188263
  • Campana, S.E. & Thorrold, S.R. (2001). Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations?. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58(1), 30-38. DOI: 10.1139/f00-177
  • Congiu, L., Rossi, R. & Colombo, G. (2002). Population analysis of the sand smelt Atherina boyeri (Teleostei Atherinidae), from Italian coastal lagoons by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 229, 279-289. DOI: 10.3354/meps229279
  • Correia, A.T., Pipa, T., Gonçalves, J.M.S., Erzini, K. & Hamer, P.A. (2011). Insights into population structure of Diplodus vulgaris along the SW Portuguese coast from otolith elemental signatures. Fisheries Research, 111(1-2), 82-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.014
  • Degens, E.T., Deuser, W.G. & Haedrich, R.L. (1969). Molecular structure and composition of fish otoliths. Marine Biology, 2(2), 105-113. DOI: 10.1007/BF00347005
  • Elsdon, T.S. & Gillanders, B.M. (2004). Interactive effects of temperature and salinity on otolith chemistry: challenges for determining environmental histories of fish. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 59(11), 1796-1808. DOI: 10.1139/f02-154
  • Farrell, J. & Campana, S.E. (1996). Regulation of calcium and strontium deposition on the otoliths of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 115(2), 103-109. DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(96)00015-1
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  • Gonzalez‐Salas, C. & Lenfant, P. (2007). Interannual variability and intraannual stability of the otolith shape in European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (L.) in the Bay of Biscay. Journal of Fish Biology, 70(1), 35-49. DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01243.x
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Preliminary study on otolith chemistry and otolith morphology of two demersal fish species, European hake (Merluccius merluccius Linnaeus, 1758) and striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara

Yıl 2021, Cilt 38, Sayı 4, 515 - 521, 15.12.2021

Habib BAL Selim ESEN

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.13

Öz


Otoliths are calcium carbonate (CaCO3) accumulations. Under the influence of different ecosystems morphological and chemical composition change. In this study, economically important two demersal fish species; European hake Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) and Stripet red mullet (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758) was examined. Otoliths (Sagitta) belonging to these two species have been studied both chemically and morphologicall. Morphometric measurements of otoliths (length, mm; width, mm; area, mm2; perimeter, mm) in the sagittal of each species was made by the Leica M125 tri-ocular microscope. In the chemical analysis of otoliths, strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) trace element amounts, the ratios of Sr and Mg trace elements to Ca element (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) were determined. For the micro-chemical analysis of otoliths ICP-MS was used. The highest magnesium (24.92±9.57 mmol/mol) and strontium (26.17±1.81 mmol/mol) element values were found in the otolith of red mullet. The difference between strontium (Sr) and magnesium (Mg) amounts for two fish species was found to be significant (P<0.05). In addition to it was found that the difference between them in the amount of calcium is significant (P<0.001). The shape indexes of otoliths are significantly different between the two fish species. Especially in terms of roundness (RD) and aspect ratio (AR) (P<0.001). The results of this study provide information about the habitats of two economic importance demersal fish species. Since such studies can give information about the habitat areas of fish species, they are important for tracking stocks, migration routes and sustainable fisheries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Demersal fish, otolith chemistry, otolith morphology, Sea of Marmara

Kaynakça

  • Avigliano, E., Martinez, C.F.R. & Volpedo, A.V. (2014). Combined use of otolith microchemistry and morphometry as indicators of the habitat of the silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) in a freshwater–estuarine environment. Fisheries Research, 149, 55-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.09.013
  • Avigliano, E. & Volpedo, A.V. (2013). Use of otolith strontium: calcium ratio as an indicator of seasonal displacements of the silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) in a freshwater–marine environment. Marine and Freshwater Research, 64(8), 746-751. DOI: 10.1071/MF12165
  • Bakkari, W., Mejri, M., Ben Mohamed, S., Chalh, A., Quignard, J.P. & Trabelsi, M. (2020). Shape and Symmetry in the otolith of two different species Mullus barbatus and Mullus surmuletus (actinopterygii: perciformes: mullidae) in Tunisian waters. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 50(2). DOI: 10.3750/AIEP/02760
  • Bal, H., Türker, D. & Zengin, K. (2018). Morphological characteristics of otolith for four fish species in the Edremit Gulf, Aegean Sea, Turkey. Iranian Journal of Ichthyol, 5(4): 303-311
  • Barret, R. T. (1990). Diets of shags, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, and cormorants, P. carbo in Norway and possible implications for gadoid stock recruitment. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 66, 205-218. DOI: 10.3354/meps066205
  • Başusta, N. & Khan, U. (2021). Sexual dimorphism in the otolith shape of shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa (L.), in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Fish size–otolith size relationships. Journal of Fish Biology. 99(1), 164-174. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14708
  • Campana, S.E. & Neilson, J.D. (1985). Microstructure of fish otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42(5), 1014-1032. DOI: 10.1139/f85-127
  • Campana, S.E. & Casselman, J.M. (1993). Stock discrimination using otolith shape analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 50(5), 1062-1083. DOI: 10.1139/f93-123
  • Campana, S. E., Gagné, J. A. & McLaren, J. W. (1995). Elemental fingerprinting of fish otoliths using ID-ICPMS. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 122, 115-120. DOI: 10.3354/meps122115
  • Campana, S.E. (1999). Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: pathways, mechanisms and applications. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 188, 263-297. DOI: 10.3354/meps188263
  • Campana, S.E. & Thorrold, S.R. (2001). Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations?. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58(1), 30-38. DOI: 10.1139/f00-177
  • Congiu, L., Rossi, R. & Colombo, G. (2002). Population analysis of the sand smelt Atherina boyeri (Teleostei Atherinidae), from Italian coastal lagoons by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 229, 279-289. DOI: 10.3354/meps229279
  • Correia, A.T., Pipa, T., Gonçalves, J.M.S., Erzini, K. & Hamer, P.A. (2011). Insights into population structure of Diplodus vulgaris along the SW Portuguese coast from otolith elemental signatures. Fisheries Research, 111(1-2), 82-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.014
  • Degens, E.T., Deuser, W.G. & Haedrich, R.L. (1969). Molecular structure and composition of fish otoliths. Marine Biology, 2(2), 105-113. DOI: 10.1007/BF00347005
  • Elsdon, T.S. & Gillanders, B.M. (2004). Interactive effects of temperature and salinity on otolith chemistry: challenges for determining environmental histories of fish. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 59(11), 1796-1808. DOI: 10.1139/f02-154
  • Farrell, J. & Campana, S.E. (1996). Regulation of calcium and strontium deposition on the otoliths of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 115(2), 103-109. DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(96)00015-1
  • Friedland, K.D. & Reddin, D.G. (1994). Use of otolith morphology in stock discriminations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 51(1), 91-98. DOI: 10.1139/f94-011
  • Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (2008). World wideweb electronic publication. Retrieved on January 11, 2021 from www.fishbase.org. Gillanders, B.M. (2005). Otolith chemistry to determine movements of diadromous and freshwater fish. Aquatic Living Resources, 18(3), 291-300. DOI: 10.1051/alr:2005033
  • Gonzalez‐Salas, C. & Lenfant, P. (2007). Interannual variability and intraannual stability of the otolith shape in European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (L.) in the Bay of Biscay. Journal of Fish Biology, 70(1), 35-49. DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01243.x
  • Gowan, C., Young, M.K., Fausch, K.D. & Riley, S.C. (1994). Restricted movement in resident stream salmonids: a paradigm lost? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 51(11), 2626-2637. DOI: 10.1139/f94-262
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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Balıkçılık
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Habib BAL> (Sorumlu Yazar)
Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erdek Directorate of District Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Fisheries, Balıkesir, Turkey
0000-0001-8875-4867
Türkiye

Selim ESEN>
Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Manyas Directorate of District Agriculture and Forestry, Balıkesir, Turkey
0000-0003-4953-7960
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2021
Başvuru Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 9 Kasım 2021
Yayınlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021, Cilt 38, Sayı 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Bal, H. & Esen, S. (2021). Preliminary study on otolith chemistry and otolith morphology of two demersal fish species, European hake (Merluccius merluccius Linnaeus, 1758) and striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara . Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 38 (4) , 515-521 . DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.38.4.13