Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L., 1758): fishing, towing and the problems during transportation to the fattening farms
Öz
Rearing and fattening of bluefin tuna (BFT) has starts with catching live fish from the sea and transports them to the fattening farms. In Turkey, BFT are being caught mainly from Levantine Sea and is towed with cage to the Antalya Bay and/or IzmirIldir Bay. This towing/transportation take between 10 or 45 days. Therefore, some important factors can be occurred in BFT during towing period. Especially, throughout the operations the fish should be protected from the stress, traumatic injuries, and damages, and death. This review aims to explain the process of catching live BFT, transferring to the cage and towing to the fattening farm, and also the problems which is revealed during this period namely, communication between fishing vessels, working with staff team, using material and equipment, naval rules and shipping, environmental factors, experiments, fish stress and controls, burnt tuna syndrome, predatory and mammalian attacks.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bluefin Tuna Thunnus thynnus live-catching transportation towing
Kaynakça
- AKSAM. 2007. Turkish Fisheries, TKB. Institute of Mediterranean Fishery Research Manager in Turkey (AKSAM), (in Turkish). 24 p. Antalya, Turkey.
- Başaran, F., O. Özden. 2004. The investigation of the rearing bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L., 1758) on culture conditions. (in Turkish). E.U. J. of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences. 21, (3-4):343-348.
- Beaz, D., J.F. Nşñez. 2002. Engineering general aspects of BFT farming. In: Domestication of the Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:23–26, Cartagena, Spain.
- Brill, R.W. 2002. Handling and Manipulating Tunas in captivity: a physiologist’s perspective. In: Domestication of the Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:30–32, Cartagena, Spain.
- De Monbrison, D., B. Guillaumie. 2002. Prelimary study for DOTT symposium Bluefin Tuna (BFT) impacts on local development a socio-economic approach.. In: Domestication of the Bluefn Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:111– 121, Cartagena, Spain.
- DIE. 2008. Fishery Statistics 2002-2008, (in Turkish). T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet İstatistik Enst., 49 s.
- FAO. 1999. Fishery Statistics. FIGIS-FAO/SIDP: Thunnus thynnus.
- Hoşsucu, H., T. Ceyhan, O. Akyol, V. Unal, U. Ozekinci, A. Ayaz. 2001. Tuna fishing with purse seines in the Aegean Sea. In: Proceedings of Technical Development in Fisheries Workshop, University of Ege, Izmir, pp. 59–72, Izmir, Turkey.
- ICCAT. 2004. Report for biennial period, Madrid-Spain, Part II, (2), 205 p.
- Karakulak, F.S. 2004. Catch and effort of the bluefin tuna purse-seine fishery in Turkish waters. Fisheries Research, 68:361–366.
- Miyashita, S., Y. Sawada, N. Hattori, H. Nakatsukasa, T. Okada, O. Murata, H. Kumai. 2000. Mortality of northern bluefin tuna T. thyunnus due to trauma caused by collision during growout culture. J. of the World Aquaculture Society. 31:632-639.
- Mourente G., C. Megina, and E. Díaz-Salvago. 2002. Lipids in female northern bluefin tuna during sexual maturation. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 24:351-363.
- Munday, B.L., Y. Sawada, T. Cribb, C.J. Hayward. 2003. Diseases of tunas, Thunnus spp., J. Fisheries Diseases, 26:187-206.
- Nakamura, K., Y. Fujii, Y. Ishikawa. 1977. Experiments on the prevention of ‘burning’ of tunas. An examination of causes of occurance. Bull.: Tokai Reg. Fish Res. Lab. 90:39-43.
- Ottolenghi, F., C. Silvestri, P. Giordano, A. Lovatelli, B. New. 2004. Capture- based aquaculture; The fattening of groupers, tunas and yellowtails. FAO, pp. 107-147.
- Perçin, F. 2004. Comparison of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, antioxidant enzyme activities in tissue samples obtained from captive and wild bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L., 1758), (in Turkish). Ph.D. Thesis. E U. Inst. of Natural Sci., Ege University Izmir 196 p.
- Perçin, F., T.T. Tanrıkul. 2006. Effects of negative factors on tuna health in fattening farms. (in Turkish) E.U. J. of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 23: (3-4) 479-484.
- Percin, F., S. Konyalioglu. 2008. Serum biochemical profiles of captive and wild northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L. 1758) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquaculture Research, 39:945-953.
- Perçin, F., O. Akyol. 2009. Length–weight and length–length relationships of the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus L., in the Turkish part of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, (25) 6: 782-784.
- Percin, F., S. Konyalioglu, K. Firat, Ş. Saka. 2010. Serum Electrolytes of Wild and Captive Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) in Turkish Seas. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (9)16: 2207-2213.
- Pickering, A.D., T.G. Pottinger. 1995. Biochemical effects of stress. In: Biochemical & Molecular Biology of Fishes,vol: 5 (edts P.W. Hochachka & T.P. Mommsen), pp. 349-379. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Tičina, V., L. Grubišić, I. Katavić. 2004. Sampling and tagging of live bluefin tuna in growth-out floating cages. Aquaculture Research, 35:307-310.
- Watson, C., 1995. Burnt tuna: A problem of heat inside and out? In: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Fishes, vol: 5 (edts. P.W. Hochachka & T.P. Mommsen), pp. 127-145, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Watts, M., K. Kato, B.L. Munday, C.M. Burke. 2003. Ontogeny of immune system organs in northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, Temminck and Schlegel 1844). Aquaculture Research, 34:13-21.
Mavi Yüzgeçli Orkinosların (Thunnus thynnus L., 1758) Avcılığı ve Kafes Tesislerine Transferinde Karşılaşılan Sorunlar
Öz
Ağ kafeslerde orkinosların besiciliği denizden balıkların canlı yakalanması ve çiftliklere canlı nakledilmeleri ile başlamaktadır. Türkiye’de orkinoslar ağırlıklı olarak Levantin Denizi’nden yakalanmakta ardından Antalya Körfezi ya da İzmir-Ildır Körfezi’ne taşınmaktadır. Bu süreç on gün ile kırk beş gün arasında sürmektedir. Dolayısıyla taşıma sırasında bazı önemli faktörler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Operasyonlar sırasında balıklar özellikle stres ve travmalara bağlı yaralanma ve ölümlerden korunmalıdır. Bu derlemede amaç orkinosların canlı yakalanması, kafeslere nakledilmeleri ve çifliklere taşınması sürecinin ve bu süreçte meydana gelen sorunların (tekneler arası iletişim, operasyonlarda görevli ekip, kullanılan malzeme ve ekipman, deniz trafiği ve taşımacılık, çevresel etkenler, tecrübe, balıklarda stres ve kontrolü, yake, yırtıcı balıklar ve memeliler) ortaya konmasıdır
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mavi Yüzgeçli Orkinos Thunnus thynnus canlı yakalama transfer taşıma
Kaynakça
- AKSAM. 2007. Turkish Fisheries, TKB. Institute of Mediterranean Fishery Research Manager in Turkey (AKSAM), (in Turkish). 24 p. Antalya, Turkey.
- Başaran, F., O. Özden. 2004. The investigation of the rearing bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L., 1758) on culture conditions. (in Turkish). E.U. J. of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences. 21, (3-4):343-348.
- Beaz, D., J.F. Nşñez. 2002. Engineering general aspects of BFT farming. In: Domestication of the Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:23–26, Cartagena, Spain.
- Brill, R.W. 2002. Handling and Manipulating Tunas in captivity: a physiologist’s perspective. In: Domestication of the Bluefin Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:30–32, Cartagena, Spain.
- De Monbrison, D., B. Guillaumie. 2002. Prelimary study for DOTT symposium Bluefin Tuna (BFT) impacts on local development a socio-economic approach.. In: Domestication of the Bluefn Tuna. Proceedings of 1st Int. Symp. DOTT (eds.) C.R. Bridges, H. Gordin, A. Garcia, 60:111– 121, Cartagena, Spain.
- DIE. 2008. Fishery Statistics 2002-2008, (in Turkish). T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet İstatistik Enst., 49 s.
- FAO. 1999. Fishery Statistics. FIGIS-FAO/SIDP: Thunnus thynnus.
- Hoşsucu, H., T. Ceyhan, O. Akyol, V. Unal, U. Ozekinci, A. Ayaz. 2001. Tuna fishing with purse seines in the Aegean Sea. In: Proceedings of Technical Development in Fisheries Workshop, University of Ege, Izmir, pp. 59–72, Izmir, Turkey.
- ICCAT. 2004. Report for biennial period, Madrid-Spain, Part II, (2), 205 p.
- Karakulak, F.S. 2004. Catch and effort of the bluefin tuna purse-seine fishery in Turkish waters. Fisheries Research, 68:361–366.
- Miyashita, S., Y. Sawada, N. Hattori, H. Nakatsukasa, T. Okada, O. Murata, H. Kumai. 2000. Mortality of northern bluefin tuna T. thyunnus due to trauma caused by collision during growout culture. J. of the World Aquaculture Society. 31:632-639.
- Mourente G., C. Megina, and E. Díaz-Salvago. 2002. Lipids in female northern bluefin tuna during sexual maturation. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 24:351-363.
- Munday, B.L., Y. Sawada, T. Cribb, C.J. Hayward. 2003. Diseases of tunas, Thunnus spp., J. Fisheries Diseases, 26:187-206.
- Nakamura, K., Y. Fujii, Y. Ishikawa. 1977. Experiments on the prevention of ‘burning’ of tunas. An examination of causes of occurance. Bull.: Tokai Reg. Fish Res. Lab. 90:39-43.
- Ottolenghi, F., C. Silvestri, P. Giordano, A. Lovatelli, B. New. 2004. Capture- based aquaculture; The fattening of groupers, tunas and yellowtails. FAO, pp. 107-147.
- Perçin, F. 2004. Comparison of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, antioxidant enzyme activities in tissue samples obtained from captive and wild bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L., 1758), (in Turkish). Ph.D. Thesis. E U. Inst. of Natural Sci., Ege University Izmir 196 p.
- Perçin, F., T.T. Tanrıkul. 2006. Effects of negative factors on tuna health in fattening farms. (in Turkish) E.U. J. of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 23: (3-4) 479-484.
- Percin, F., S. Konyalioglu. 2008. Serum biochemical profiles of captive and wild northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L. 1758) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Aquaculture Research, 39:945-953.
- Perçin, F., O. Akyol. 2009. Length–weight and length–length relationships of the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus L., in the Turkish part of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, (25) 6: 782-784.
- Percin, F., S. Konyalioglu, K. Firat, Ş. Saka. 2010. Serum Electrolytes of Wild and Captive Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) in Turkish Seas. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (9)16: 2207-2213.
- Pickering, A.D., T.G. Pottinger. 1995. Biochemical effects of stress. In: Biochemical & Molecular Biology of Fishes,vol: 5 (edts P.W. Hochachka & T.P. Mommsen), pp. 349-379. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Tičina, V., L. Grubišić, I. Katavić. 2004. Sampling and tagging of live bluefin tuna in growth-out floating cages. Aquaculture Research, 35:307-310.
- Watson, C., 1995. Burnt tuna: A problem of heat inside and out? In: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Fishes, vol: 5 (edts. P.W. Hochachka & T.P. Mommsen), pp. 127-145, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Watts, M., K. Kato, B.L. Munday, C.M. Burke. 2003. Ontogeny of immune system organs in northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, Temminck and Schlegel 1844). Aquaculture Research, 34:13-21.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2009 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 7 Aralık 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2009Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3 |