Türkiye’nin Karadeniz kıyılarından avlanan barbunya (Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927) balığında yaş, büyüme, üreme ve ölüm oranları
Öz
Bu çalışmada, özellikle Sinop balıkçı
limanına gelen uzatma ağı ve trol avcılığı yapan ticari teknelerden Kasım 2015
ve Kasım 2016 tarihleri arasında 989 adet barbunya (Mullus barbatus ponticus) bireyi toplanmıştır. Elde edilen
örneklerin boyları 9,2 ile 19,2 cm (ortalama: 13,3 ±1,3 cm) arasında;
ağırlıkları ise 8,2 ile 68,6 g (ortalama: 25,7 ±8,0 g) arasında değişim
göstermektedir. Örnekler ağırlıklı olarak 13–15 cm boy grubunda yer almaktadır.
4/1 Numaralı Ticari Amaçlı Su Ürünleri Avcılığının düzenlenmesi hakkındaki
tebliğde Mullus barbatus türü için asgari avlanma boyu 13 cm olarak
bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen örneklerin %39’unun söz konusu yasal
boyun altında kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Barbunya bireylerinin boy–ağırlık
ilişkisi log(W) = –1,864 + 2,902 log(TL) (r2= 0,92) olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Bireylerin yaş grupları ise I ile IV arasında değişim göstermektedir. Yaşlara
göre ortalama boylar; I yaş grubu için 11,43 ±0,04 cm, II yaş grubu için 13,22
±0,04 cm, III yaş grubu için 15,24 ±0,06 cm ve IV yaş grubu için 18,44 ±0,29 cm
olarak hesaplanmıştır. GSI değerleri dikkate alındığında, türün üreme
faaliyetini Mayıs ile Temmuz ayları arasında gerçekleştirdiği ve bu aktivitenin
en yüksek düzeye Haziran ve Temmuz aylarında ulaştığı anlaşılmaktadır. M. barbatus ponticus bireyleri için
hesaplanan von
Bertalanffy büyüme parametreleri; L∞
= 17,64 ±1,43 cm, k = 0,43 ±0,13
ve t0 = –11,33 ±0,37
olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, bireylerde doğal ölüm oranı (M) 0,91 yıl–1, balıkçılık kaynaklı
ölüm oranı (F) 0,52 yıl–1, toplam ölüm oranı (Z) 1,43 yıl–1 ve
sömürülme oranı (E) ise 0,36 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Akyol, O., Samsun, O. (2017). Length-weight Relationship and Mortalities of Mullus barbatus ponticus in the Turkish Black Sea. Ecology Symposium (pp.227). Kayseri, Turkey: Abstract Book.
- Ak, O., Kutlu, S., Aydın, İ. (2009). Length-weight relationship for 16 fish species from the Eastern Black Sea, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 9: 125-126.
- Aksu, H., Erdem, Y., Ozdemir, S. Erdem, E. (2011). Estimation of some population parameters of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) caught in the Black Sea. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com 5: 345-353.
- Aydın, M., Karadurmuş, U. (2013). An investigation on age, growth and biological characteristics of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) in the Eastern Black Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Science, 12: 277-288.
- Bariche, M., Bilecenoğlu, M., Azurro, E. (2013). Confirmed presence of the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forskali (Fourmanoir and Guézé, 1976) in the Mediterranean Sea. BioInvasions Records, 2: 173-175. DOI:10.3391/bir.2013.2.2.15
- Beverton, R.J.H., Holt, S.J. (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. UK Ministry Agriculture and Fisheries, Fish Invest, 19: 533 p.
- Demirhan S.A, Can, M.F. (2007). Length-weight relationships for seven fish species from the Southeastern Black Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23: 282-283. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00835.x
- Dinçer, A.C., Bahar, M. (2008). Multifilament gillnet selectivity for the Red mullet (Mullus barbatus) in the eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey, Trabzon. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8: 355-359.
- Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics (In Turkish).Sinop: On Dokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Fisheries.
- FAO. (2006-2008). Fisheries and aquaculture software. FISAT II - FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool. Rome: FAO.
- Froese, R., Pauly, D. (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Retrived from www.fishbase.org. Version (10/2016) (22.02. 2017).
- Golani, D., Öztürk, B., Başusta, N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean. Istanbul: Turkish Marine Research Foundation.
- Hureau, J.C. (1986). Mullidae. In: PJP. Whitehead, ML. Bauchot, JC. Hureau, J. Nielsen, E. Tortonese (Ed), Fishes of the North-Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol II (pp.877-882).Paris: UNESCO.
- Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S., Samsun, O. (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and midwater trawl from the Middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 7: 33-36.
- Özdemir S, Duyar HA (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental And Biological Sciences, 1: 405-407.
- Pauly D (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. FAO Fisheries Circular No.729, Rome: FAO.
- Pauly D, Soriano ML (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-per-recruit model. In JL Maclean, LB Dizon, LV Hosillo (ed.), The First Asian Fisheries Forum (pp. 491-496).Manila: Asian Fisheries Society.
- Sparre P, Venema SC (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessments. Part 1: Manual. FAO Fish Tech Pap 306/1 Rev. 2, Rome:FAO.
- TUIK, (2015). Fishery Statistics 2015. Retrived from www.tuik.gov.tr (23.02. 2017).
- Sokal, R., Rohlf, F. (1987). Introduction to biostatistics, 2nd edn. USA: Freeman Publication.
- Şahin, T., Akbulut, B. (1997). Some biological characteristics of Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 in the Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21: 179-185.
- World Sea Temperatures, (2018). Sinop Sea Temperature. Retrieved from https://www.seatemperature.org/ (23.02. 2017).
- Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis, 4th edn. USA: Prentice-Hall.
Age, growth, reproduction and mortality of Red Mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927) from the Turkish coasts of the Black Sea
Öz
A total of 989 red mullets, Mullus barbatus ponticus, from the Black Sea were monthly collected from commercial gill/trammel net and bottom trawl fisheries, especially landed at Sinop Fishing Port, between December 2015 and December 2016. Total lengths and weights of red mullet specimens were ranged from 9.2 cm to 19.2 cm (average: 13.3 ±1.3 cm) and from 8.2 g to 68.6 g (average: 25.7 ±8.0 g), respectively. The samples were grouped densely between 13 and 15 cm. Minimum landing size (MLS) is 13 cm for Mullus barbatus according to Turkish Fisheries Regulation Circular. Thus, 39% of all samples in this study are under legal size. The LWR equation calculated was W = 0.0137 × TL2.902 (r2= 0.92). Age groups of red mullets in the Black Sea were ranged from I to IV. The mean lengths according to age groups (I, II, III, and IV) were 11.43 ±0.04 cm, 13.22 ±0.04 cm, 15.24 ±0.06 cm, and 18.44 ±0.29 cm, respectively. According to GSI values, reproduction of red mullets is between May and July with the peaks of June–July. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters with standard errors were L∞ = 17.64 ±1.43 cm, k = 0.43 ±0.13, and t0 = –1.33 ±0.37. The mortality rates (M, F, and Z), and exploitation rate (E) of M. barbatus ponticus were 0.91 year–1, 0.52 year–1, 1.43 year–1, and 0.36, respectively.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Red mullet Mortality rates Sinop Black Sea Age Growth Reproduction
Kaynakça
- Akyol, O., Samsun, O. (2017). Length-weight Relationship and Mortalities of Mullus barbatus ponticus in the Turkish Black Sea. Ecology Symposium (pp.227). Kayseri, Turkey: Abstract Book.
- Ak, O., Kutlu, S., Aydın, İ. (2009). Length-weight relationship for 16 fish species from the Eastern Black Sea, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 9: 125-126.
- Aksu, H., Erdem, Y., Ozdemir, S. Erdem, E. (2011). Estimation of some population parameters of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) caught in the Black Sea. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com 5: 345-353.
- Aydın, M., Karadurmuş, U. (2013). An investigation on age, growth and biological characteristics of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) in the Eastern Black Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Science, 12: 277-288.
- Bariche, M., Bilecenoğlu, M., Azurro, E. (2013). Confirmed presence of the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forskali (Fourmanoir and Guézé, 1976) in the Mediterranean Sea. BioInvasions Records, 2: 173-175. DOI:10.3391/bir.2013.2.2.15
- Beverton, R.J.H., Holt, S.J. (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. UK Ministry Agriculture and Fisheries, Fish Invest, 19: 533 p.
- Demirhan S.A, Can, M.F. (2007). Length-weight relationships for seven fish species from the Southeastern Black Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23: 282-283. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00835.x
- Dinçer, A.C., Bahar, M. (2008). Multifilament gillnet selectivity for the Red mullet (Mullus barbatus) in the eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey, Trabzon. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8: 355-359.
- Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics (In Turkish).Sinop: On Dokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Fisheries.
- FAO. (2006-2008). Fisheries and aquaculture software. FISAT II - FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool. Rome: FAO.
- Froese, R., Pauly, D. (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Retrived from www.fishbase.org. Version (10/2016) (22.02. 2017).
- Golani, D., Öztürk, B., Başusta, N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean. Istanbul: Turkish Marine Research Foundation.
- Hureau, J.C. (1986). Mullidae. In: PJP. Whitehead, ML. Bauchot, JC. Hureau, J. Nielsen, E. Tortonese (Ed), Fishes of the North-Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol II (pp.877-882).Paris: UNESCO.
- Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S., Samsun, O. (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and midwater trawl from the Middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 7: 33-36.
- Özdemir S, Duyar HA (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental And Biological Sciences, 1: 405-407.
- Pauly D (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. FAO Fisheries Circular No.729, Rome: FAO.
- Pauly D, Soriano ML (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-per-recruit model. In JL Maclean, LB Dizon, LV Hosillo (ed.), The First Asian Fisheries Forum (pp. 491-496).Manila: Asian Fisheries Society.
- Sparre P, Venema SC (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessments. Part 1: Manual. FAO Fish Tech Pap 306/1 Rev. 2, Rome:FAO.
- TUIK, (2015). Fishery Statistics 2015. Retrived from www.tuik.gov.tr (23.02. 2017).
- Sokal, R., Rohlf, F. (1987). Introduction to biostatistics, 2nd edn. USA: Freeman Publication.
- Şahin, T., Akbulut, B. (1997). Some biological characteristics of Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 in the Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21: 179-185.
- World Sea Temperatures, (2018). Sinop Sea Temperature. Retrieved from https://www.seatemperature.org/ (23.02. 2017).
- Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis, 4th edn. USA: Prentice-Hall.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Mart 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Haziran 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1 |