Feeding habits of two skate species, Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 and Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae), around the Gökçeada Island (Northern Aegean Sea)

Koray Cabbar; Cahide Çiğdem Yığın

doi:10.12714/egejfas.40.2.04

TR EN

Gökçeada (Kuzey Ege Denizi) çevresindeki iki vatoz türünün, Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 ve Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae) beslenme alışkanlıkları

Öz

Bu çalışmada Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 ve Dipturus oxyrinchus'un (Linnaeus, 1758) beslenme alışkanlıkları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda, Şubat 2019-Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında Kuzey Ege'de Gökçeada ve çevresinde faaliyet gösteren ticari trol teknelerinden aylık olarak numuneler alınmıştır. Toplam 29 (24 dişi ve 5 erkek) kahverengi vatoz (Raja miraletus) ve 36 (20 dişi ve 16 erkek) sivriburun vatoz (Dipturus oxyrinchus) avlandı. R. miraletus örneklerinin total boyları 24,0 cm ile 53,9 cm arasında, D. oxyrinchus örneklerinin ise 17,1 cm ile 85,0 cm aralığında ölçülmüştür. R. miraletus ve D. oxyrinchus örneklerinin toplam boy-ağırlık ilişkileri sırasıyla; W=0,0002TL3,92 (R2=0,97) ve W=0,0007TL3,43 (R2=0,97) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Örneklerin mide içeriği analizi, kabukluların R. miraletus (%IRI = 67.09) için birincil ve en önemli av grubu olduğunu, onları kemikli balıklar (%IRI = 1.00) ve kafadan bacaklılar (%IRI = 0,45) takip ettiğini göstermiştir. D. oxyrinchus örneklerinin ise başlıca kabuklularla (%IRI = 74,3), ardından kemikli balıklarla (%IRI = 6,50) ve nematoda (%IRI = 0,40) beslendiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Feeding habits of two skate species, Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 and Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae), around the Gökçeada Island (Northern Aegean Sea)

Abstract

This study investigated the feeding habits of Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 and Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758). For the purpose of this study, the specimens were obtained monthly from the commercial trawlers operating around the Gökçeada Island in the Northern Aegean Sea between February 2019 and February 2020. A total of 29 (24 female and 5 male) brown rays (Raja miraletus) and 36 (20 female and 16 male) longnosed skates (Dipturus oxyrinchus) were captured. The total lengths of the R. miraletus specimens ranged between 24.0 cm and 53.9 cm, while the D. oxyrinchus specimens measured between 17.1 cm and 85.0 cm. Total length-weight relationships of R. miraletus and D. oxyrinchus specimens, respectively; W=0.0002TL3.92 (R2=0.97) and W=0.0007TL3.43 (R2=0.97) were calculated. The analysis of the stomach content of the specimens showed that crustacea were the primary and the most important prey group for R. miraletus (IRI% = 67.09), followed by teleosts (IRI% = 1.00) and cephalopods (IRI% = 0.45). The D. oxyrinchus specimens were determined to primarily feed on crustacea (IRI% = 74.3), followed by teleosts (IRI% = 6.50) and nematoda (IRI% = 0.40).

Keywords

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye

Proje Numarası

119Y060

Kaynakça

Ahmed, Q., Ali, Q. M., & Bilgin, S. (2015). Seasonal changes in condition factor and‎ weight-length relationship of tiger perch,‎ Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775) (Family-‎ Terapontidae) collected from Korangi fish‎ harbour, Karachi, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, 24(1), 19-28. http://hdl.handle.net/1834/40792
Alkusairy, H. H., & Saad, A. A. (2017). Some morphological and biological aspects of longnosed skate, Dipturus oxyrinchus (Elasmobranchii: Rajiformes: Rajidae), in Syrian marine waters (Eastern Mediterranean). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 47(4), 371-383. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIEP/02283
Ajayi, T.O. (1982). Food and feeding habits of Raja species (Batoidei) in Carmarthen Bay, Bristol Channel. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 62, 215–223. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400020233
Başusta, A., Başusta, N., Sulikowski, J.A., Driggers III, W.B., Demirhan, S.A., & Cicek, E. (2012). Length–weight relationships for nine species of batoids from the Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 28(5), 850-851. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.02013.x
Başusta, N., & Özel, F. V. (2022). Growth characteristics of long-nosed skate Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabiting the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Animals, 12(23), 3443. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233443
Başusta, N., & Özel, F. V. (2017). Length-Weight and Disc Width-Weight Relationships of Long-Nosed Skate (Dipturus oxyrinchus) Obtained from Northeastern Mediterranean. The 3rd International Symposium on EuroAsian Biodiversity 05-08 July 2017, Minsk – BELARUS. P: 183.
Bianchi, G., Carpenter, K.E., Roux, J.P., Molloy, F.J., Boyer, D., & Boyer, H.J. (1999). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field Guide to the Living Marine Resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome, 265 p.
Bilge, G., Yapıcı, S., Filiz, H., & Cerim, H. (2014). Weight–length relations for 103 fish species from the southern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 44(3), 263–269. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP2014.44.3.11

Biton-Porsmoguer, S. (2020). Fisheries and ecology of the skates (Rajiformes: Rajidae) in the English Channel. Vie et Milieu – Life and Environment, 70(2), 133–14.
Cabbar, K., & Yığın, C. Ç. (2021). Biology of the thornback ray (Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758) in the North Aegean Sea. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 50(2), 115-127. https://doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0011
Daban, I.B., Cabbar, K., & Yığın, C.Ç. (2022). Feeding ecology of thornback ray, Raja clavata (Linnaeus, 1758) in Gökçeada Island, Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 38(1), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-021-00363-8
Demirhan, S.A., Engin, S.S., Seyhan, K., & Akamca, E. (2005). Some biological aspects of thornback ray (Raja clavata L., 1758) in the southeastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 5, 75–83.
Demirhan, S. A., Seyhan, K., & Başusta, N. (2007). Dietary overlap in spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and thornback ray (Raja clavata) in the southeastern Black Sea. Ekoloji, 62, 1-8.
Dulvy, N.K., & Reynolds, J.D. (1997). Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proceedings of The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 264, 1309-1315. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0181
Ebert, D.A., Cowley, P.D., & Compagno, L.J.V. (1991). A preliminary investigation of the feeding ecology of skates (Batoidea: Rajidae) off the west coast of Southern Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science, 10, 71–81. https://doi.org/10.2989/02577619109504621
Ellis, J.R., Pawson, M.G., & Shackley, S.E. (1996). The comparative feeding ecology of six species of shark and four species of ray (Elasmobranchii) in the North-East Atlantic. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 76, 89–106. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400029039
Eronat, E.G.T., & Özaydın, O. (2015). Diet composition of the thornback ray, Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 (Elasmobranchii: Rajidae) in the Turkish Aegean Sea. Zoology in the Middle East, 61, 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2014.994312
Eronat, E.G.T., & Özaydın, O. (2014). Length-weight relationship of cartilaginous fish species from Central Aegean Sea (Izmir Bay and Sığacık Bay). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 31(3),119-125. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2014.31.3.01
Filiz, H., & Bilge, G. (2004). Length–weight relationships of 24 fish species from the North Aegean Sea, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 20, 431–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2004.00582.x
Filiz, H., & Mater, S. (2002). A preliminary study on length-weight relationships for seven elasmobranch species from North Aegean Sea, Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 19(3), 401-409.
Fischer, W. (1973). FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes, Mediterranean and Black Sea. In W. Fıscher (Ed.), Fishing Area 37 Volume II. FAO of the UN Rome.
Fischer, W., Bauchot, M.L., & Schnider, M. (1987a). Fishes FAO d’identification des espѐces pour lesw besoins de la pѐche. (Re’vision 1). Mѐditerrenele et mer Noir. Zone de pѐche 37. Vol. I. Vѐgѐtaux et invertѐbrѐs. Publication prѐparѐe par la FAO, rѐsultat dŭn ccord entra la FAO et la Commission des Communautѐs Europѐennes (Project GCP/INT/422/ EEC) financѐe conjointement par ces deux organizations. Rome, FAO, Vol.1.
Fischer, W., Bauchot, M.L., & Schnider, M. (1987b). Fishes FAO d’identification des espѐces pour lesw besoins de la pѐche. (Re’vision 1). Mѐditerrenele et mer Noir. Zone de pѐche 37. Vol. I. Vѐgѐaux et invertѐbrѐs. Publication prѐparѐe par la FAO, rѐsultat dŭn ccord entra la FAO et la Commission des Communautѐs Europѐennes (Project GCP/INT/422/ EEC) financѐe conjointement par ces deux organizations. Rome, FAO, Vol.2, 761–1530.
Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships; history, meta analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
Follesa, M.C., Mulas, A., Cabiddu, S., Porcu, C., Deiana, A.M., & Cau, A. (2010). Diet and feeding habits of two skate species, Raja brachyura and Raja miraletus (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae) in Sardinian waters (central‐western Mediterranean). Italian Journal of Zoology, 77(1), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000802589600
Frank, K.T., Petrie, B., Choi, J.S., & Leggett, W.C. (2005). Trophic cascades in a formerly cod-dominated ecosystem. Science, 308(5728), 1621-1623. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1113075
Hyslop, E.J., (1980). Stomach content analysis- a review of methods and their application. Journal of Fish Biology, 17, 411–429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb02775.x
IUCN, (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Downloaded 14 Jan 2022.
İlkyaz, A.T., Metin, G., Soykan, O., & Kınacıgil, H.T. (2008). Length-weight relationship of 62 fish species from the Central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 24, 699-702. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01167.x
İşmen A., Özen, Ö., Altinağaç, U., Özekinci, U., & Ayaz, A. (2007). Weight-length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23, 707-708. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00872.x
Kadri, H., Marouani, S., Bradai, M. N., Bouaïn, A., & Morize, E. (2014a). Distribution and morphometric characters of the Mediterranean longnosed skate, Dipturus oxyrinchus (Chondrichthyans: Rajidae) in the Gulf of Gabes. Journal of Coastal Life Medicine, 2(7), 505-510. https://doi.org/10.12980/jclm.2.2014jclm-2014-0008
Kadri, H., Marouani, S., Bradai, M.N., & Bouain, A. (2014b). Diet and feeding strategy of thornback ray, Raja clavata (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) from the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia-Central Mediterranean Sea). Journal of The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 4(7), 1509–1516. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000587
Kadri, H., Marouani, S., Bradai, M.N., & Bouaïn, A. (2014c). Food habits of the brown ray Raja miraletus (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) from the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). Marine Biology Research, 10(4), 426-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2013.797583
Karachle, K.P., & Stergiou, I.K. (2010). Food and Feeding Habits of Nine Elasmobranch Species in the North Aegean Sea. Commission Internationale pour L'exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, Rapport 39, p. 553.
Karakulak, F.S. (2002). Fisheries in Gökçeada. In B. Öztürk (Ed.), Gökçeada, Yeşil ve Mavinin Özgür Dünyası. ISBN:975–92501–0–1, Gökçeada Belediyesi, s: 177–186. (in Turkish)
Karadurmuş, U. (2022). Length–weight relationship and condition factor of sixteen demersal fish species from the southern part of the Marmara Sea, Turkey. Journal of Ichthyology, 62(4), 543-551. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945222040105
Last, P.R., White, W.T., de Carvalho, M.R., Séret, B., Stehmann, M.F.W., & Naylor, G.J.P. (2016). Rays of the World. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790.
Lopez-Peralta R.H., & Arcila C.A.T. (2002). Diet composition of fish species from southern continental shelf of Columbia. ICLARM - the World Fish Center 25, 23-29. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12348/2293
Loyola Fernández, I.D., Báez, J.C., García-Barcelona, S., Camiñas, J.A., Urbina, OMOD., Macías, D. (2017). Length-weight relationships of kitefin shark Dalatias licha, and little sleeper shark Somniosus rostratus from the western Mediterranean Sea, and long snouted lancetfish Alepisaurus ferox from the eastern North Atlantic Ocean. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17:1075-1078. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v17_5_24
Lteif, M., Mouawad, R., Jemaa, S., Khalaf, G., Lenfant, P., & Verdoit-Jarraya, M. (2016). The length-weight relationships of three sharks and five batoids in the Lebanese marine waters, eastern Mediterranean. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 42(4), 475-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2016.09.008
Merella, P., Quetglas, A., Alemany, F., & Carbonell, A. (1997). Length-weight relationship of fishes and cephalopods from the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean). Naga, 20, 66-68.
McEachran, J.D., & Musick, J.A. (1975). Distribution and relative abundance of seven species of skates (Pisces: Rajidae) which occur between Nova Scotia and Cape Hatteras. Fishery Bulletin US, 73, 110–136.
McEachran, J.D., Seret, B., & Miyake, T. (1989). Morphological variation within Raja miraletus and status of R. ocellifera (Chondrichthyes, Rajoidei). Copeia, 3, 629-641. https://doi.org/10.2307/1445490
Moutopoulos, D.K., & Stergiou, K.I. (2002). Length–weight and length–length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 18(3), 200-203. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00281.x
Mulas, A., Bellodi, A., Cannas, R., Cau, A., Cuccu, D., Marongiu, M.F., Porcu, C., & Follesa, M.C. (2015). Diet and feeding behaviour of longnosed skate Dipturus oxyrinchus. Journal of Fish Biology, 86, 121-138. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12551
Murduchay-Boltouski, F.D. (1969). Detection of Black Sea and Azov Sea Fauna. In V.A. Volyaniski (Ed.). vol. 3. Noukova Dumka, Kiev, pp. 536.
Özaydın, O., Uçkun, D., Akalın, S., Leblebici, S., & Tosunoğlu Z. (2007). Length-weight relationships of fishes captured from İzmir Bay, Central Aegean Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23, 695-696. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00853.x
Orlov, A.M. (1998). On feeding of mass species of deep-sea skates (Bathyraja spp., Rajidae) from the Pacific Waters. Journal of Ichthyology, 38(8), 635-644.
Pallaoro, A., Jardas, I., & Santic, M. (2005). Weight-length relationships for 11 chondrichthyan species in the Eastern Adriatic Sea. Cybium, 29(1), 93-96. https://doi.org/10.26028/cybium/2005-291-011
Pauly, D. (1984). Fish Population Dynamics in Tropical Waters: A Manual for Use with Programmable Calculators. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Studies and Reviews 8, Manila, 325 p.
Pinkas, L.M., Oliphant, S., & Iverson, I.L.K. (1971). Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in Californian waters. State of California the Resources Agency Department of Fish and Game, Fish Bulletin, 152, 1–105.
Ricker, W.E. (1975). Computation and Interpretation of Biological Statistics of Fish Populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 382 p.
Rosecchi, E., & Nouaze, Y. (1987). Comparaison de cinq indices alimentaires utilise´s dans l’analyse des contenus stomacaux. Revue des Travaux de l’Institut des Pѐches Maritimes, 49, 111-123.
Sağlam, H., & Başçınar, N.S. (2008). Feeding ecology of thorn-back ray (Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758) on the Turkish coast of the Southeastern Black Sea. Marine Biology, 4, 451–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000802233393
Sağlam, H., Orhan, A.K., Kutlu, S., & Aydın, I. (2010). Diet and feeding strategy of the common stingray Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) on the Turkish coast of the Southeastern Black Sea. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 51(1), 37.
Šantić, M., Rada, B., & Pallaoro, A. (2012). Diet and feeding strategy of thornback ray Raja clavata. Journal of Fish Biology, 81, 1070–1084. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03382.x
Šantić, M., Rađa, B., & Pallaoro, A. (2013). Feeding habits of brown ray (Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758) from the eastern central Adriatic Sea. Marine Biology Research, 9(3), 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.739698
Soykan, O., & Kınacıgil, H. T. (2021). Length–weight relationship of some discarded fish species with emphasis on length at maturity from the Central Aegean Sea, Turkey. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences, 37(2), 505-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-021-00291-7
Sparre, P., & Venema, C. S. (1992). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessement Part. 1 Manual (No. Mi 306/2 Rev. 1). FAO. Stehmann, M., & Bürkel, D.L. (1984). Rajidae. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (Eds.) Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. 1, 163-196.
Stergiou, K.I., & Karpouzi, V.S. 2002. Feeding habits and trophic levels of Mediterranean fish. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 11, 217–254. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020556722822
Walker, P. A., & Hislop, J. R. G. (1998). Sensitive skates or resilient rays? Spatial and temporal shifts in ray species composition in the central and north-western North Sea between 1930 and the present day. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 55(3), 392-402. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1997.0325
Whitehead, P.J.B., Bauchot, M.L., Hureau, J.C., Nielsen, J., & Tortonese E. (1986a). Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol: 1. Richard Clay Ltd, UK, 511-1007.
Whitehead, P.J.B., Bauchot, M.L., Hureau, J.C., Nielsen, J., & Tortonese E. (1986b). Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 2. Richard Clay Ltd, UK, 1008-1474.
Windell, J.T., & Bowen, S.H. (1978). Methods for the Study of Fish Diets Based on Analysis of Stomach contents. In T. Bagnel (Ed.), Methods for the Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Waters, 3rd edition, Oxford: Blackwell.
Yankova, M., Pavlov, D., Raykov, V., Mihneva, V., & Radu, G. (2011). Length-weight relationships of ten fish species from the Bulgarian Black Sea waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35(2), 265-270. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-0912-44
Yemişken, E., Forero, M.G., Megalofonou, P., Eryilmaz, L., & Navarro, J. (2017). Feeding habits of three batoids in the Levantine Sea (north-eastern Mediterranean Sea) based on stomach content and isotopic data. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 1, 8. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541700073X
Yığın, C.Ç., & İşmen, A. (2009). Length-weight relationships for seven rays from Saros Bay (North Aegean Sea). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25, 106-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01161.x
Yığın, C.Ç., & İşmen, A. (2010a). Age, growth, reproduction and feed of longnosed skate, Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Saros Bay, the North Aegean Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 26, 913-919. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01510.x
Yığın, C.Ç., & İşmen, A. (2010b). Diet of Thornback Ray (Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758) in Saros Bay (The North Aegean Sea). Commission Internationale pour L'exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, Rapport 39 (CIESM 39th Congress), 39 p.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Balıkçılık Yönetimi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Koray Cabbar ^*
0000-0001-5254-1384
Türkiye

Cahide Çiğdem Yığın
0000-0002-8808-2252
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

10 Haziran 2023

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Haziran 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

31 Ocak 2023

Kabul Tarihi

3 Mayıs 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.2.04

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA54UJ74SK

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Cabbar, K., & Yığın, C. Ç. (2023). Feeding habits of two skate species, Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 and Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae), around the Gökçeada Island (Northern Aegean Sea). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40(2), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.2.04