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The effects of Dioctyl Adipate (DOA) on liver and gill histology of Sparus aurata ( Sea Bream).

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 115 - 122, 01.09.2013

Melih Üreten Sema İşisağ Üçüncü

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • Agius, C., Roberts, R.J., 2003. Melano-macrophage Centres and Their Role in Fish Pathology: Review, Journal of Fish Diseases, 26:499-509. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00485.x
  • Akaishi, F.M., Silva, A.H.C., Jakobi, S.C.G., Eiras, S.D.R., St-Jean, S.D., Courtenay, S.C., Lima, E.F., Wagener, A.L.R., Scofield, A.L., Oliveira, R.C.A., 2004. Morphological and Neurotoxicological Findings in Tropical Freshwater Fish (Astyanax sp.) After Waterborne and Acute Exposure to Water Soluble Fraction (WSF) of Crude Oil. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 46:244-253.
  • Anonymous, 1999. “Plastic Wrap” www.nsc.org/ehc/minute/em990517.htm (02.09.2008)
  • Anonymous, 2010. “Hepatic Pathology”, The University of Utah, http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/LIVEHTML/LIVER042.html (05.07.2010)
  • Ayaş, Z., Ekmekçi, G., Özmen, M., Yerli, S.V., 2007. Histopathological Changes in the Livers and Kidneys of Fish in Sariyar Reservoir, Turkey. Environmental doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.11.003 Pharmacology, 23:242-249.
  • Ayoola, S.O., Ajani, E.K., 2008. Histopathological Effects of Cypermethrin on Juvenile African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). World Journal of Biological Research, 01:2.
  • Barlas, N., 1999. Histopathological Examination of Gill, Liver and Kidney Tissues of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) Fish in the Upper Sakarya River Basin (in Turkish with English abstract). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 23 (Ek Sayı 2):277-284.
  • Boran, H., Altınok, İ., Çapkın, E., 2010. Histopathological Changes Induced by Maneb and Carbaryl on Some Tissues of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.03.004 and Cell, 42:158-164.
  • Cengiz, E.İ., 2006. Gill and Kidney Histopathology in the Freshwater Fish (Cyprinus carpio) After Acute Exposure Deltamethrin. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 22(2):200-204. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.03.006
  • Cengiz, E.İ., Ünlü, E., 2005. Sublethal Effect of Commercial Deltamethrin on the Structure of the Gill, Liver and Gut Tissues of Mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, A Microscopic Study. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 21:246-253. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.08.005
  • Çapkın, E., Terzi, E., Boran, H., Yandı, İ., Altınok, İ., 2010. Effects of Some Pesticides on the Vital Organs of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Tissue and Cell, 42(6):376–382. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.10.001
  • De Meloa, G.C., Donattib, L., Rudnikia, C.A.M., Fanta, E., 2008. Hepatic Alterations in the Fish Rhamdia quelen Contaminated with Folidol 600. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71:821-829. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.02.001
  • Diler, Ö., Özen, M.R., 2002. Histopathology of the Epidermal Papilloma in Cage Cultured Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Eğirdir Lake (in Turkish with English abstract). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 26(6):1207-1211.
  • Dezfuli, B.S., Simoni, E., Rossi, R., Manera, M., 2000. Rodlet Cells and Other Inflammatory Cells of Phoxinus phoxinus Infected with Raphidascaris acus (Nematoda). Disease of Aquatic Organisms 43:61-69. doi: 10.3354/dao043061
  • Fanta, E., Rios, F.S., Romão, S., Vianna, A.C.C., Freiberger, S., 2003. Histopathology of the Fish Corydoras paleatus Contaminated with Sublethal Levels of Organophosphorus in Water and Food. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 54:119-130. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00044-1
  • Felder, J.D., Adams, W.J., Saeger, V.W., 1986. Assessment of the Safety of Dioctyl Adipate in Freshwater Environments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 5:777-784. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620050809
  • Fouad, M.M.K., El Sayed, A.M., Mahdy, A.N., 1999, Migration of DINP and DOP Plasticisers from PVC Sheets into Food. Environmental Management and Health 10(5):297-302. doi: 10.1108/09566169910289577
  • Goulas, A.E., Kontominas, M.G., 1996. Migration of Dioctyl Adipate Plasticizer from Food-grade PVC Film into Chicken Meat Products: Effect of Gamma-radiation. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und - Forschung A, 202(3):250-255. doi: 10.1007/BF01263549
  • Henry, T.R., Spitsbergen, J.M., Hornung, M.W., Abnet, C.C., Peterson, R.E., 1997. Early Life Stage Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 142: 56–68. doi: 10.1006/taap.1996.8024
  • Hinton, D.E., Lauren, D.J., 1990. Liver Structural Alterations Accompanying Chronic Toxicity in Fishes: Potential Biomarkers of Exposure. In: Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination, J.F. MacCarthy, L.R. Shugart (Eds). Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, p17-57.
  • Hinton, D.E., Segner, H., Au, D.W.T., Kullman, S.W., Hartman, R.C., 2008. Liver Toxicity. In: The Toxicology of Fishes, R.T. Di Giulio, D.E. Hinton (Eds). CRC Press Inc., Florida, pp. 328-352. doi: 10.1201/9780203647295.ch7
  • Indirabai, W.P.S., Tharani, G., Seetha, P., 2010. Impact of Sublethal Concentration of Endosulfan on Biochemicals and Histology of Organ Tissues of Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). The Bioscan, 5(2): 215-218.
  • İsisağ Üçüncü, S., Önen, Ö., Ergen, G., Üreten, M., Boz, E., Seferoğlu, K., Gökçe, B., 2010a. The Effects of Dioctyl Adipate (DOA) on the Gill Histology of Labidochromis caeruleus Fryer, 1956 (Cichlidae, Teleostei) (in Turkish with English abstract). Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2):343-346.
  • İsisağ Üçüncü, S., Ergen, G., Önen, Ö., Kolbaşı Tekkan, B., Üreten, M., Boz, E., Seferoğlu, K., Gökçe, B., 2010b. The Effects of Dioctyl Adipate (DOA) on The Liver Histology of Labidochromis caeruleus Fryer, 1956 (Cichlidae, Teleostei) (in Turkish with English abstract). Kafkas Üniversitesi. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(Suppl- B):197–203.
  • Katalay, S., Tuğlu, İ., Minareci, E., 2007. Light Microscopic Investigation of the Possible Toxic Effect on the Gill of Black Goby (gobius niger) Living in Izmir Bay (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Tıp Dergisi, 46(2):61 – 66.
  • Koehler, A., 2004. The Gender-specific Risk to Liver Toxicity and Cancer of Flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) at the German Wadden Sea coast. AquaticToxicology, 70(4):257-276. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.07.002
  • Kranz, H., Dethlefsen, V., 1990. Liver Anomalies in Dab Limanda limanda from the Southern North Sea with Special Consideration Given to Neoplastic Lesions. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 9: 171–185. doi: 10.3354/dao009171
  • Miranda, A.L., Roche, H., Randi, M.A.F., Menezes, M.L., Oliveira Ribeiro, C.A., 2008. Bioaccumulation of Chlorinated Pesticides and PCBs in the Tropical Freshwater Fish Hoplias malabaricus: Histopathological, Physiological, and Immunological Findings. Environment International, 34:939–949. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2008.02.004
  • Moeller, P.D.R., Morton, S.L., Mitchell, B.A., Sivertsen, S.K., Fairey, E.R, Mikulski, T.M., Glasgow, H., Deamer-Melia, N.J., Burkholder, J.M., Ramsdell, J.S., 2001. Current Progress in Isolation and Characterization of Toxins Isolated from Pfiesteria piscicida. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109:739-743. doi: 10.2307/3454921
  • Nero, V., Farwell, A., Lister, A., Van Der Kraak, G., Lee, L.E.J., Van Meer, T., MacKinnon, M.D., Dixon, D.G., 2006. Gill and Liver Histopathological Changes in Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) and Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Exposed to Oil Sands Process-Affected Water. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 63:365-377. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.04.014
  • Olojo, E.A.A., Olurin, K.B., Mbaka, G., Oluwemimo, A.D., 2005. Histopathology of the Gill and Liver Tissues of the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Lead. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(1):117- 122.
  • Pacheco, M., Santos, M.A., 2002. Biotransformation, Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Environmental Contaminants in European Eel (Anguilla anguilla L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 53:331–347. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00017-9
  • Peters, N., Köhler, A., Kranz, H., 1987. Liver Pathology in Fishes from the Lower Elbe as a Consequence of Pollution. Disease of Aquatic Organisms, 2:87–97. doi: 10.3354/dao002087
  • Van Dyk, J.C., Pieterse, G.M., Van Vuren, J.H.J., 2007. Histological Changes in the Liver of Oreochromis mossambicus (Cichlidae) After Exposure to Cadmium and Zinc. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 66: 432-440. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.10.012
  • Velmurugan, B., Selvanayagam, M., Cengiz, E.İ., Ünlü, E., 2007. Histopathology of Lambda-cyhalothrin on Tissues (Gill, Kidney, Liver and Intestine) of Cirrhinus mrigala. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 24:286-291. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2007.07.001
  • Vural, N., 1977. Toxicological Assessment of Plastic Food Containers Used in Turkey (in Turkish with English abstract). Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2):163-181.
  • Weisman, J.L., Miller, D.L., 2006. Lipoid Liver Disease and Steatitis in Captive Sapphire Damsel Pomacentrus pavo. Acta Ichthyol Piscator, 36(2): 99–104.
  • Wolke, R.E., George, C.J., Blazer, V.S., 1985. Pigmented Macrophage Accumulations (mmc; pmb): Possible Monitors of Fish Health, Parasitology and Pathology of Marine Organisms of the Word Ocean. NOAA Technical. Report, 93-97.

Dioktil Adipat (DOA) 'ın Sparus aurata (Çipura) karaciğer ve solungaç histolojisi üzerine etkileri.

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 115 - 122, 01.09.2013

Melih Üreten Sema İşisağ Üçüncü

Öz

Polimer üretim süreçlerinde ikincil plastikleştirici olarak çok yaygın kullanılan dioktil adipat (DOA) ’ın ekotoksikolojik etkileri ayrıntılı olarak araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 15 gün süreyle 250, 500 ve 750 ppm DOA’ya maruz bırakılan erkek çipura balıklarının (Sparus aurata) solungaç ve karaciğerlerindeki histopatolojik değişimlerin ışık mikroskobu ile belirlenmesidir. Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında, deneme grubu örneklerinin solungaçlarında vakuolizasyon, merkezi venada genişleme ve çarpıcı füzyon olarak ayırt edilen önemli histopatolojik değişimler gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca solungacın epitel, pillar mukus ve mitokondri zengini hücrelerinde belirgin hipertrofi ve hiperplazi de not edilmiştir. DOA’ya maruz bırakılan balıkların karaciğerlerinin incelenmesi yağlanma, fibrozis ve nekrozis olarak bir dizi hepatosellüler değişim ortaya koymuştur. Kanamaya ek olarak parankimatik sinüzoidler ve hepatopankreasın merkezi venleri genişlemiştir. Çalışma, DOA etkisinin araştırılan her iki dokuda da çoklu histolojik değişimlere yol açtığını, üstelik bu değişimlerin hepsinin uygulanan kimyasalın artan konsantrasyonuyla bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçta DOA’nın bir sucul kirletici olarak daha fazla dikkate alınması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sparus aurata dioktil adipat solungaç karaciğer ekotoksikoloji

Kaynakça

  • Agius, C., Roberts, R.J., 2003. Melano-macrophage Centres and Their Role in Fish Pathology: Review, Journal of Fish Diseases, 26:499-509. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00485.x
  • Akaishi, F.M., Silva, A.H.C., Jakobi, S.C.G., Eiras, S.D.R., St-Jean, S.D., Courtenay, S.C., Lima, E.F., Wagener, A.L.R., Scofield, A.L., Oliveira, R.C.A., 2004. Morphological and Neurotoxicological Findings in Tropical Freshwater Fish (Astyanax sp.) After Waterborne and Acute Exposure to Water Soluble Fraction (WSF) of Crude Oil. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 46:244-253.
  • Anonymous, 1999. “Plastic Wrap” www.nsc.org/ehc/minute/em990517.htm (02.09.2008)
  • Anonymous, 2010. “Hepatic Pathology”, The University of Utah, http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/LIVEHTML/LIVER042.html (05.07.2010)
  • Ayaş, Z., Ekmekçi, G., Özmen, M., Yerli, S.V., 2007. Histopathological Changes in the Livers and Kidneys of Fish in Sariyar Reservoir, Turkey. Environmental doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.11.003 Pharmacology, 23:242-249.
  • Ayoola, S.O., Ajani, E.K., 2008. Histopathological Effects of Cypermethrin on Juvenile African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). World Journal of Biological Research, 01:2.
  • Barlas, N., 1999. Histopathological Examination of Gill, Liver and Kidney Tissues of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) Fish in the Upper Sakarya River Basin (in Turkish with English abstract). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 23 (Ek Sayı 2):277-284.
  • Boran, H., Altınok, İ., Çapkın, E., 2010. Histopathological Changes Induced by Maneb and Carbaryl on Some Tissues of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.03.004 and Cell, 42:158-164.
  • Cengiz, E.İ., 2006. Gill and Kidney Histopathology in the Freshwater Fish (Cyprinus carpio) After Acute Exposure Deltamethrin. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 22(2):200-204. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.03.006
  • Cengiz, E.İ., Ünlü, E., 2005. Sublethal Effect of Commercial Deltamethrin on the Structure of the Gill, Liver and Gut Tissues of Mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, A Microscopic Study. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 21:246-253. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.08.005
  • Çapkın, E., Terzi, E., Boran, H., Yandı, İ., Altınok, İ., 2010. Effects of Some Pesticides on the Vital Organs of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Tissue and Cell, 42(6):376–382. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.10.001
  • De Meloa, G.C., Donattib, L., Rudnikia, C.A.M., Fanta, E., 2008. Hepatic Alterations in the Fish Rhamdia quelen Contaminated with Folidol 600. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71:821-829. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.02.001
  • Diler, Ö., Özen, M.R., 2002. Histopathology of the Epidermal Papilloma in Cage Cultured Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Eğirdir Lake (in Turkish with English abstract). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 26(6):1207-1211.
  • Dezfuli, B.S., Simoni, E., Rossi, R., Manera, M., 2000. Rodlet Cells and Other Inflammatory Cells of Phoxinus phoxinus Infected with Raphidascaris acus (Nematoda). Disease of Aquatic Organisms 43:61-69. doi: 10.3354/dao043061
  • Fanta, E., Rios, F.S., Romão, S., Vianna, A.C.C., Freiberger, S., 2003. Histopathology of the Fish Corydoras paleatus Contaminated with Sublethal Levels of Organophosphorus in Water and Food. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 54:119-130. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00044-1
  • Felder, J.D., Adams, W.J., Saeger, V.W., 1986. Assessment of the Safety of Dioctyl Adipate in Freshwater Environments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 5:777-784. doi: 10.1002/etc.5620050809
  • Fouad, M.M.K., El Sayed, A.M., Mahdy, A.N., 1999, Migration of DINP and DOP Plasticisers from PVC Sheets into Food. Environmental Management and Health 10(5):297-302. doi: 10.1108/09566169910289577
  • Goulas, A.E., Kontominas, M.G., 1996. Migration of Dioctyl Adipate Plasticizer from Food-grade PVC Film into Chicken Meat Products: Effect of Gamma-radiation. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und - Forschung A, 202(3):250-255. doi: 10.1007/BF01263549
  • Henry, T.R., Spitsbergen, J.M., Hornung, M.W., Abnet, C.C., Peterson, R.E., 1997. Early Life Stage Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 142: 56–68. doi: 10.1006/taap.1996.8024
  • Hinton, D.E., Lauren, D.J., 1990. Liver Structural Alterations Accompanying Chronic Toxicity in Fishes: Potential Biomarkers of Exposure. In: Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination, J.F. MacCarthy, L.R. Shugart (Eds). Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, p17-57.
  • Hinton, D.E., Segner, H., Au, D.W.T., Kullman, S.W., Hartman, R.C., 2008. Liver Toxicity. In: The Toxicology of Fishes, R.T. Di Giulio, D.E. Hinton (Eds). CRC Press Inc., Florida, pp. 328-352. doi: 10.1201/9780203647295.ch7
  • Indirabai, W.P.S., Tharani, G., Seetha, P., 2010. Impact of Sublethal Concentration of Endosulfan on Biochemicals and Histology of Organ Tissues of Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). The Bioscan, 5(2): 215-218.
  • İsisağ Üçüncü, S., Önen, Ö., Ergen, G., Üreten, M., Boz, E., Seferoğlu, K., Gökçe, B., 2010a. The Effects of Dioctyl Adipate (DOA) on the Gill Histology of Labidochromis caeruleus Fryer, 1956 (Cichlidae, Teleostei) (in Turkish with English abstract). Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2):343-346.
  • İsisağ Üçüncü, S., Ergen, G., Önen, Ö., Kolbaşı Tekkan, B., Üreten, M., Boz, E., Seferoğlu, K., Gökçe, B., 2010b. The Effects of Dioctyl Adipate (DOA) on The Liver Histology of Labidochromis caeruleus Fryer, 1956 (Cichlidae, Teleostei) (in Turkish with English abstract). Kafkas Üniversitesi. Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(Suppl- B):197–203.
  • Katalay, S., Tuğlu, İ., Minareci, E., 2007. Light Microscopic Investigation of the Possible Toxic Effect on the Gill of Black Goby (gobius niger) Living in Izmir Bay (in Turkish with English abstract). Ege Tıp Dergisi, 46(2):61 – 66.
  • Koehler, A., 2004. The Gender-specific Risk to Liver Toxicity and Cancer of Flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) at the German Wadden Sea coast. AquaticToxicology, 70(4):257-276. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.07.002
  • Kranz, H., Dethlefsen, V., 1990. Liver Anomalies in Dab Limanda limanda from the Southern North Sea with Special Consideration Given to Neoplastic Lesions. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 9: 171–185. doi: 10.3354/dao009171
  • Miranda, A.L., Roche, H., Randi, M.A.F., Menezes, M.L., Oliveira Ribeiro, C.A., 2008. Bioaccumulation of Chlorinated Pesticides and PCBs in the Tropical Freshwater Fish Hoplias malabaricus: Histopathological, Physiological, and Immunological Findings. Environment International, 34:939–949. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2008.02.004
  • Moeller, P.D.R., Morton, S.L., Mitchell, B.A., Sivertsen, S.K., Fairey, E.R, Mikulski, T.M., Glasgow, H., Deamer-Melia, N.J., Burkholder, J.M., Ramsdell, J.S., 2001. Current Progress in Isolation and Characterization of Toxins Isolated from Pfiesteria piscicida. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109:739-743. doi: 10.2307/3454921
  • Nero, V., Farwell, A., Lister, A., Van Der Kraak, G., Lee, L.E.J., Van Meer, T., MacKinnon, M.D., Dixon, D.G., 2006. Gill and Liver Histopathological Changes in Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) and Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Exposed to Oil Sands Process-Affected Water. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 63:365-377. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.04.014
  • Olojo, E.A.A., Olurin, K.B., Mbaka, G., Oluwemimo, A.D., 2005. Histopathology of the Gill and Liver Tissues of the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Lead. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(1):117- 122.
  • Pacheco, M., Santos, M.A., 2002. Biotransformation, Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Environmental Contaminants in European Eel (Anguilla anguilla L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 53:331–347. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00017-9
  • Peters, N., Köhler, A., Kranz, H., 1987. Liver Pathology in Fishes from the Lower Elbe as a Consequence of Pollution. Disease of Aquatic Organisms, 2:87–97. doi: 10.3354/dao002087
  • Van Dyk, J.C., Pieterse, G.M., Van Vuren, J.H.J., 2007. Histological Changes in the Liver of Oreochromis mossambicus (Cichlidae) After Exposure to Cadmium and Zinc. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 66: 432-440. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.10.012
  • Velmurugan, B., Selvanayagam, M., Cengiz, E.İ., Ünlü, E., 2007. Histopathology of Lambda-cyhalothrin on Tissues (Gill, Kidney, Liver and Intestine) of Cirrhinus mrigala. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 24:286-291. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2007.07.001
  • Vural, N., 1977. Toxicological Assessment of Plastic Food Containers Used in Turkey (in Turkish with English abstract). Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2):163-181.
  • Weisman, J.L., Miller, D.L., 2006. Lipoid Liver Disease and Steatitis in Captive Sapphire Damsel Pomacentrus pavo. Acta Ichthyol Piscator, 36(2): 99–104.
  • Wolke, R.E., George, C.J., Blazer, V.S., 1985. Pigmented Macrophage Accumulations (mmc; pmb): Possible Monitors of Fish Health, Parasitology and Pathology of Marine Organisms of the Word Ocean. NOAA Technical. Report, 93-97.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Melih Üreten

Sema İşisağ Üçüncü

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Aralık 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Üreten, M., & Üçüncü, S. İ. (2013). Dioktil Adipat (DOA) ’ın Sparus aurata (Çipura) karaciğer ve solungaç histolojisi üzerine etkileri. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 30(3), 115-122.