Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

BRICS+T'de ekonomik büyüme ve balıkçılık biyokapasitesi: Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 93 - 104, 15.06.2025

Şerif Canbay , Serkan Şengül

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye'den oluşan BRICS+T ülkelerinde ekonomik büyüme ve balıkçılık biyokapasitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) hipotezinin sağlamlığını değerlendirmektedir. Panel bootstrap nedensellik testi, 1992-2022 dönemini kapsayan veriler kullanılarak değişkenler arasındaki nedensel ilişkiyi değerlendirmek için kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, EKC hipotezinin Rusya, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye için geçerli olduğunu ve ekonomik büyümenin başlangıçta balıkçılık biyokapasitesinde bir düşüşe neden olduğunu, ancak belirli bir eşikten sonra biyokapasitenin iyileştiğini göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, EKC hipotezi Brezilya, Çin ve Hindistan için desteklenmemektedir. Bu bulgular, hükümetlerin çevresel sürdürülebilirliği teşvik etmek için politika önlemleri almasını gerektirmektedir.

Keywords

Balıkçılık biyokapasitesi Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) ekonomik büyüme sürdürülebilirlik çevre politikası

References

  • Abid, M. (2017). Does economic, financial and institutional developments matter for environmental quality? a comparative analysis of EU and MEA countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 188, 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.007
  • Alam, R., & Adil, M.H. (2019). Validating the environmental Kuznets curve in India: ARDL bounds testing framework. OPEC Energy Review, 43(3), 277-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/opec.12156
  • Allard, A., Takman, J., Uddin, G.S., & Ahmed, A. (2018). The N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve: An empirical evaluation using a panel quantile regression approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(6), 5848-5861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0907-0
  • Al-Mulali, U., & Ozturk, I. (2015). The effect of energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, industrial output, and political stability on environmental degradation in the MENA region. Energy, 84, 382-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.004
  • Amin, S., Li, C., Khan, Y. A., & Bibi, A. (2022). Fishing grounds footprint and economic freedom indexes: evidence from Asia-Pacific. PLoS One, 17(4), e0263872. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263872
  • Awosusi, A. A., Kutlay, K., Altuntaş, M., Khodjiev, B., Agyekum, E. B., Shouran, M., & Kamel, S. (2022). A roadmap toward achieving a sustainable environment: Evaluating the impact of technological innovation and globalization on the load capacity factor. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3288. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063288
  • Ayad, H. (2023). Investigating the fishing grounds load capacity curve in G7 nations: Evaluating the influence of human capital and renewable energy use. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 194, 115413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115413
  • Balsalobre-Lorente, D., Álvarez-Herranz, A., & Shahbaz, M. (2019). The long-term effect of economic growth, energy innovation, and energy use on environmental quality. In: Shahbaz, M., Balsalobre, D. (Eds.) Energy and Environmental Strategies in the Era of Globalization. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06001-5_1
  • Baltagi, B.H., Feng, Q, & Kao, C. (2012). A lagrange multiplier test for cross-sectional dependence in a fixed effects panel data model. Journal of Econometrics, 170(1), 164 177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.04.004
  • Breusch, T.S., & Pagan, A.R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
  • Chang, C.C. (2009). A multivariate causality test of carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in China. Applied Energy, 87(11), 3533–3537. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.05.004
  • Clark, T.P., & Longo, S.B. (2019). Examining the effect of economic development, region, and time period on the fisheries footprints of nations (1961-2010). International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 60(4), 225-248. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715219869976
  • Clark, T.P., Longo, S.B., Clark, B., & Jorgenson A.K. (2018). Socio-structural drivers, fisheries footprints, and seafood consumption: a comparative international study, 1961-2012. Journal of Rural Studies, 57, 140-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jrurstud.2017.12.008
  • Damirova, S., & Yayla, N. (2021). The relationship between environmental pollution and its macroeconomic determinants: A panel data analysis for selected countries. International Journal of Economics and Administrative Studies, 30, 107-126. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.804787
  • De Leo, F., Miglietta, P.P., & Pavlinovıć, S. (2014). Marine ecological footprint of Italian mediterranean fisheries. Sustainability, 6(11), 7482-7495. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6117482
  • Dogan, E., Ulucak, R., Kocak, E., & Isik, C. (2020). The use of ecological footprint in estimating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for BRICS+T by considering cross-section dependence and heterogeneity. Science of the Total Environment, 723, 138063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138063
  • Dogan, A., & Pata, U.K. (2022). The role of ICT, R&D spending, and renewable energy consumption on environmental quality: Testing the LCC hypothesis for G7 countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 380, 135038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135038
  • Dumitrescu, E.I., & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.02.014
  • Erdogan, S., Kirca, M., & Gedikli, A. (2020). Is there a relationship between CO2 emissions and health expenditures? Evidence from BRICS-T countries. Business and Economics Research Journal, 11(2), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.20409/berj.2019.231
  • FAO. (2022). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2022: Towards blue transformation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/cc0461en/cc0461en.pdf
  • Farooq, S., Ozturk, I., Majeed, M.T., & Akram, R. (2022). Globalization and CO2 emissions in the presence of EKC: A global panel data analysis. Gondwana Research, 106, 367 378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2022.02.002
  • Frodyma, K., Papież, M., & Śmiech, S. (2022). Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve in the European Union countries. Energy, 241, 122899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. energy.2021.122899
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024a). Total biocapacity. Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org/?_ga=2.229406620.1234288758.1719733753-1485324782.1719733753#/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024b). Open data platform. Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org/?_ga=2.187868973.486531688.1720198163 1485324782.1719733753#/countryTrends?cn=5001&type=BCtot,EFCtot (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024c). What biocapacity measures. Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/what-biocapacity-measures/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024d). Glossary. Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/resources/glossary/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Grossman, G.M., & Krueger, A.B. (1995). Economic growth and the environment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2), 353-377. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118443
  • Hervieux, M.S., & Darné, O. (2013). Environmental Kuznets curve and ecological footprint: A time series analysis. HAL Archives Ouvertes. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00781958
  • Hu, W., Liu, J., Ma, Z., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., Yu, W., & Chen, B. (2020). China's marine protected area system: Evolution, challenges, and new prospects. Marine Policy, 115, 103780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103780
  • Hussain, M., Wang, W., & Wang, Y. (2022). Natural resources, consumer prices and financial development in China: Measures to control carbon emissions and ecological footprints. Resources Policy, 78, 102880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102880
  • Jiang, L., & Wang, X.J. (2019). EKC hypothesis verification between rural environmental quality and agricultural economic growth in China: An empirical analysis based on panel data of 31 provinces. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 12, 43-51.
  • Karimi, M. S., Khezri, M., Khan, Y. A., & Razzaghi, S. (2022). Exploring the influence of economic freedom index on fishing grounds footprint in environmental Kuznets curve framework through spatial econometrics technique: evidence from Asia- Pacific countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(4), 6251 6266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16110-8
  • Kasman, A., & Duman, Y.S. (2015). CO2 emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, trade and urbanization in new EU member and candidate countries: a panel data analysis. Economic Modelling, 44, 97-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. econmod.2014.10.022
  • Kitzes, J., Audrey, P., Goldfinger, S., & Wackernagel, M. (2007). Current methods for calculating national ecological footprint accounts. Science for Environment & Sustainable Society, 4(1), 1-9.
  • Kong, F., Cui, W., & Xi, H. (2021). Spatial-temporal variation, decoupling effects and prediction of marine fishery based on modified ecological footprint model: case study of 11 coastal provinces in China. Ecological Indicators, 132, 108271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108271
  • Kónya, L. (2006). Exports and growth: Granger causality analysis on OECD countries with a panel data approach. Economic Modelling, 23(6), 978-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2006.04.008
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1-28.
  • Lin, D., Hanscom, L., Murthy, A., Galli, A., Evans, M., Neill, E., Serena Mancini, M., Martindill, J., Medouar, F.-Z., Huang, S., & Wackernagel, M. (2018). Ecological footprint accounting for countries: updates and results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012–2018. Resources, 7(3), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7030058
  • Massagony, A., & Budiono. (2022). Is the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis valid on CO2 emissions in Indonesia? International Journal of Environmental Studies, 80(1), 20 31. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2022.2029097
  • Miloslavich, P., Klein, E., Díaz, J.M., Hernández, C. E., Bigatti, G., Campos, L., Artigas, F., Castillo, J., Penchaszadeh, P.E., Neill, P.E., Carranza, A., Retana, M.V., de Astarloa, J.M.D., Lewis, M., Yorio, P., Piriz, M.L., Rodríguez, D., Yoneshigue-Valentin, Y., Gamboa, L., & Martín, A. (2011). Marine biodiversity in the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America: Knowledge and gaps. PLOS ONE, 6(1), e14631. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014631
  • Pal, D., & Mitra, S. K. (2017). The environmental Kuznets curve for carbon dioxide in India and China: Growth and pollution at crossroad. Journal of Policy Modeling, 39(2), 371 385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.03.005
  • Panayotou, T. (1993). Empirical tests and policy analysis of environmental degradation at different stages of economic development. International Labour Organization. https://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1993/93B09_31_engl.pdf
  • Paolo Miglietta, P., De Leo, F., & Toma, P. (2017). Environmental Kuznets curve and the water footprint: an empirical analysis. Water and Environment Journal, 31(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12211
  • Pata, U.K. (2018). Renewable energy consumption, urbanization, financial development, income, and CO2 emissions in Turkey: Testing the EKC hypothesis with structural breaks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 770-779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.236
  • Pata, U.K., & Caglar, A.E. (2021). Investigating the EKC hypothesis with renewable energy consumption, human capital, globalization, and trade openness for China: Evidence from augmented ARDL approach with a structural break. Energy, 216, 119220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119220
  • Pata, U.K., Dam, M.M., & Kaya, F. (2023). How effective are renewable energy, tourism, trade openness, and foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions? An EKC analysis for ASEAN countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(6), 14821-14837. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23160-z
  • Pata, U.K., & Ertugrul, H.M. (2023a). Do the Kyoto protocol, geopolitical risks, human capital and natural resources affect the sustainability limit? A new environmental approach based on the LCC hypothesis. Resources Policy, 81, 103352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103352
  • Pata, U.K., & Isik, C. (2021). Determinants of the load capacity factor in China: A novel dynamic ARDL approach for ecological footprint accounting. Resources Policy, 74, 102313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102313
  • Pauly, D., Watson, R., & Alder, J. (2005). Global trends in world fisheries: impacts on marine ecosystems and food security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360(1453), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1574
  • Pesaran, M.H. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 0435, IZA Discussion Paper No. 1240. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.5113
  • Pesaran, M.H., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008). A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2007.00227.x
  • Pesaran, M.H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. Journal of Econometrics 142(1), 50 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.05.010
  • Saboori, B., Al-Mulali, U., Bin Baba, M., & Mohammed, A. H. (2016). Oil-induced environmental Kuznets curve in OPEC. International Journal of Green Energy, 13(4), 408 416. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.961468
  • Samour, A., Adebayo, T.S., Agyekum, E.B., Khan, B., & Kamel, S. (2023). Insights from BRICS-T economies on the impact of human capital and renewable electricity consumption on environmental quality. Scientific Reports, 13, 5245. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32134-1
  • Sarkodie, S.A., Owusu, P.A. (2023). Assessment of global fish footprint reveals growing challenges for sustainable production and consumption. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 194, 115369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115369
  • Sebri, M. (2016). Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for water footprint indicator: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 59(11), 1933 1956. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2015.1100983
  • Shi, Z., Assis, J., & Costello, M.J. (2022). Vulnerability of marine species to low oxygen under climate change. Imperiled: The Encyclopedia of Conservation, 887-894. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821139-7.00203-8
  • Siche, R., Pereira, L., Agostinho, F., & Ortega, E. (2010). Convergence of ecological footprint and energy analysis as a sustainability indicator of countries: Peru as case study. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 15(10), 3182 3192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2009.10.027
  • Shikwambana, L., Mhangara, P., & Kganyago, M. (2021). Assessing The relationship between economic growth and emissions levels in South Africa between 1994 and 2019. Sustainability, 13(5), 2645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052645
  • Sims, C.A. (1980). Macroeconomics and reality. Econometrica, 48(1), 1-48. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912017
  • Sun, A., Bao, K., Aslam, M., Gu, X., Khan, Z., & Uktamov, K. F. (2024). Testing load capacity and environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for China: Evidence from novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lags model. Gondwana Research, 129, 476 489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.07.018
  • Swamy, P.A.V.B. (1970). Efficient inference in a random coefficient regression model. Econometrica, 38(2), 311-323. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913012
  • Tekbaş, M. (2021). The Impact of economic, social and political globalization on economic growth: Evidence from BRICS-T countries. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 20(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.796472
  • The World Bank. (2024a). GDP (constant 2015 US$). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (Accessed January 2024)
  • The World Bank. (2024b). Services, value added (% of GDP). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS (Accessed January 2024)
  • The World Bank. (2024c). Pollution. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/pollution (Accessed January 2024)
  • Uche, E., Das, N., & Bera, P. (2023). Re-examining the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for India via the multiple threshold NARDL procedure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(5), 11913-11925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22912-1
  • Udemba, E.N. (2021). Ascertainment of ecological footprint and environmental Kuznets in China. In: Muthu, S.S. (Ed.). Assessment of Ecological Footprints. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0096-8_3
  • UN. (2024). Sustainable development goal, goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources. United Nations. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/oceans (Accessed June 2024)
  • Wackernagel, M., & Rees, W. (1996). Our ecological footprint: reducing human impact on the earth. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island.
  • Wackernagel, M., Schulz, N.B., Deumling, D., Linares, A.C., Jenkins, M., Kapos, V., Monfreda, C., Loh, J., Myers, N., Norgaard, R., & Randers, J. (2002). Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(14), 9266-9271. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.142033699
  • Wang, K., Rehman, M.A., Fahad, S., & Linzhao, Z. (2023). Unleashing the influence of natural resources, sustainable energy and human capital on consumption-based carbon emissions in G7 countries. Resources Policy, 81, 103384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103384
  • Wang, S., Zafar, M.W., Vasbieva, D.G., & Yurtkuran, S. (2024). Economic growth, nuclear energy, renewable energy, and environmental quality: Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve and load capacity curve hypothesis. Gondwana Research, 129, 490 504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.06.009
  • Wei, Y., Ding, D., Gu, T., Xu, Y., Sun, X., Qu, K., & Cui, Z. (2023). Ocean acidification and warming significantly affect coastal eutrophication and organic pollution: A case study in the Bohai Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 186, 114380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114380
  • Wu, L., Liu, S., Liu, D., Fang, Z., & Xu, H. (2015). Modelling and forecasting CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries using a novel multi-variable grey model. Energy, 79, 489 495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.052
  • Yilanci, V., Cutcu, I., & Cayir, B. (2022). Is the environmental Kuznets curve related to the fishing footprint? Evidence from China. Fisheries Research, 254, 106392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106392
  • Yilanci, V., Cutcu, I., Cayir, B., & Saglam, M.S. (2023). Pollution haven or pollution halo in the fishing footprint: evidence from Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 188, 114626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114626
  • Yildirim, D.C., Yildirim, S., Bostancı, S.H., & Turan, T. (2022). The nexus between human development and fishing footprint among Mediterranean countries. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 176, 113426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113426
  • Zellner, A. (1962). An efficient method of estimating seemingly unrelated regressions and tests for aggregation bias. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 57(298), 348 68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1962.10480664
  • Zhang, H. (2021). Technology innovation, economic growth and carbon emissions in the context of carbon neutrality: Evidence from BRICS. Sustainability, 13(20), 11138. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011138

Economic growth and fisheries biocapacity in BRICS+T: An Environmental Kuznets Curve analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 93 - 104, 15.06.2025

Şerif Canbay , Serkan Şengül

Abstract

This study evaluates the robustness of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by examining the association between economic growth and fisheries biocapacity in BRICS+T countries, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Türkiye. Panel bootstrap causality test is utilized to evaluate the causal relationship between the variables using data covering the period 1992-2022. The results show that the EKC hypothesis is held for Russia, South Africa and Türkiye and that economic growth initially causes to a decrease in fisheries biocapacity, but after a certain threshold, biocapacity recovers. In contrast, the EKC hypothesis is not supported for Brazil, China and India. These findings necessitate governments to take policy measures to promote environmental sustainability.

Keywords

Fishing biocapacity Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) economic growth sustainability environmental policy

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is not required for this study.

References

  • Abid, M. (2017). Does economic, financial and institutional developments matter for environmental quality? a comparative analysis of EU and MEA countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 188, 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.007
  • Alam, R., & Adil, M.H. (2019). Validating the environmental Kuznets curve in India: ARDL bounds testing framework. OPEC Energy Review, 43(3), 277-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/opec.12156
  • Allard, A., Takman, J., Uddin, G.S., & Ahmed, A. (2018). The N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve: An empirical evaluation using a panel quantile regression approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(6), 5848-5861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0907-0
  • Al-Mulali, U., & Ozturk, I. (2015). The effect of energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, industrial output, and political stability on environmental degradation in the MENA region. Energy, 84, 382-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.004
  • Amin, S., Li, C., Khan, Y. A., & Bibi, A. (2022). Fishing grounds footprint and economic freedom indexes: evidence from Asia-Pacific. PLoS One, 17(4), e0263872. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263872
  • Awosusi, A. A., Kutlay, K., Altuntaş, M., Khodjiev, B., Agyekum, E. B., Shouran, M., & Kamel, S. (2022). A roadmap toward achieving a sustainable environment: Evaluating the impact of technological innovation and globalization on the load capacity factor. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3288. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063288
  • Ayad, H. (2023). Investigating the fishing grounds load capacity curve in G7 nations: Evaluating the influence of human capital and renewable energy use. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 194, 115413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115413
  • Balsalobre-Lorente, D., Álvarez-Herranz, A., & Shahbaz, M. (2019). The long-term effect of economic growth, energy innovation, and energy use on environmental quality. In: Shahbaz, M., Balsalobre, D. (Eds.) Energy and Environmental Strategies in the Era of Globalization. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06001-5_1
  • Baltagi, B.H., Feng, Q, & Kao, C. (2012). A lagrange multiplier test for cross-sectional dependence in a fixed effects panel data model. Journal of Econometrics, 170(1), 164 177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.04.004
  • Breusch, T.S., & Pagan, A.R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
  • Chang, C.C. (2009). A multivariate causality test of carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in China. Applied Energy, 87(11), 3533–3537. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.05.004
  • Clark, T.P., & Longo, S.B. (2019). Examining the effect of economic development, region, and time period on the fisheries footprints of nations (1961-2010). International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 60(4), 225-248. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715219869976
  • Clark, T.P., Longo, S.B., Clark, B., & Jorgenson A.K. (2018). Socio-structural drivers, fisheries footprints, and seafood consumption: a comparative international study, 1961-2012. Journal of Rural Studies, 57, 140-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jrurstud.2017.12.008
  • Damirova, S., & Yayla, N. (2021). The relationship between environmental pollution and its macroeconomic determinants: A panel data analysis for selected countries. International Journal of Economics and Administrative Studies, 30, 107-126. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.804787
  • De Leo, F., Miglietta, P.P., & Pavlinovıć, S. (2014). Marine ecological footprint of Italian mediterranean fisheries. Sustainability, 6(11), 7482-7495. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6117482
  • Dogan, E., Ulucak, R., Kocak, E., & Isik, C. (2020). The use of ecological footprint in estimating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for BRICS+T by considering cross-section dependence and heterogeneity. Science of the Total Environment, 723, 138063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138063
  • Dogan, A., & Pata, U.K. (2022). The role of ICT, R&D spending, and renewable energy consumption on environmental quality: Testing the LCC hypothesis for G7 countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 380, 135038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135038
  • Dumitrescu, E.I., & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.02.014
  • Erdogan, S., Kirca, M., & Gedikli, A. (2020). Is there a relationship between CO2 emissions and health expenditures? Evidence from BRICS-T countries. Business and Economics Research Journal, 11(2), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.20409/berj.2019.231
  • FAO. (2022). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2022: Towards blue transformation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/cc0461en/cc0461en.pdf
  • Farooq, S., Ozturk, I., Majeed, M.T., & Akram, R. (2022). Globalization and CO2 emissions in the presence of EKC: A global panel data analysis. Gondwana Research, 106, 367 378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2022.02.002
  • Frodyma, K., Papież, M., & Śmiech, S. (2022). Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve in the European Union countries. Energy, 241, 122899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. energy.2021.122899
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024a). Total biocapacity. Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org/?_ga=2.229406620.1234288758.1719733753-1485324782.1719733753#/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024b). Open data platform. Global Footprint Network. https://data.footprintnetwork.org/?_ga=2.187868973.486531688.1720198163 1485324782.1719733753#/countryTrends?cn=5001&type=BCtot,EFCtot (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024c). What biocapacity measures. Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/what-biocapacity-measures/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Global Footprint Network. (2024d). Glossary. Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/resources/glossary/ (Accessed January 2024)
  • Grossman, G.M., & Krueger, A.B. (1995). Economic growth and the environment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2), 353-377. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118443
  • Hervieux, M.S., & Darné, O. (2013). Environmental Kuznets curve and ecological footprint: A time series analysis. HAL Archives Ouvertes. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00781958
  • Hu, W., Liu, J., Ma, Z., Wang, Y., Zhang, D., Yu, W., & Chen, B. (2020). China's marine protected area system: Evolution, challenges, and new prospects. Marine Policy, 115, 103780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103780
  • Hussain, M., Wang, W., & Wang, Y. (2022). Natural resources, consumer prices and financial development in China: Measures to control carbon emissions and ecological footprints. Resources Policy, 78, 102880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102880
  • Jiang, L., & Wang, X.J. (2019). EKC hypothesis verification between rural environmental quality and agricultural economic growth in China: An empirical analysis based on panel data of 31 provinces. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 12, 43-51.
  • Karimi, M. S., Khezri, M., Khan, Y. A., & Razzaghi, S. (2022). Exploring the influence of economic freedom index on fishing grounds footprint in environmental Kuznets curve framework through spatial econometrics technique: evidence from Asia- Pacific countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(4), 6251 6266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16110-8
  • Kasman, A., & Duman, Y.S. (2015). CO2 emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, trade and urbanization in new EU member and candidate countries: a panel data analysis. Economic Modelling, 44, 97-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. econmod.2014.10.022
  • Kitzes, J., Audrey, P., Goldfinger, S., & Wackernagel, M. (2007). Current methods for calculating national ecological footprint accounts. Science for Environment & Sustainable Society, 4(1), 1-9.
  • Kong, F., Cui, W., & Xi, H. (2021). Spatial-temporal variation, decoupling effects and prediction of marine fishery based on modified ecological footprint model: case study of 11 coastal provinces in China. Ecological Indicators, 132, 108271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108271
  • Kónya, L. (2006). Exports and growth: Granger causality analysis on OECD countries with a panel data approach. Economic Modelling, 23(6), 978-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2006.04.008
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1-28.
  • Lin, D., Hanscom, L., Murthy, A., Galli, A., Evans, M., Neill, E., Serena Mancini, M., Martindill, J., Medouar, F.-Z., Huang, S., & Wackernagel, M. (2018). Ecological footprint accounting for countries: updates and results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012–2018. Resources, 7(3), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources7030058
  • Massagony, A., & Budiono. (2022). Is the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis valid on CO2 emissions in Indonesia? International Journal of Environmental Studies, 80(1), 20 31. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2022.2029097
  • Miloslavich, P., Klein, E., Díaz, J.M., Hernández, C. E., Bigatti, G., Campos, L., Artigas, F., Castillo, J., Penchaszadeh, P.E., Neill, P.E., Carranza, A., Retana, M.V., de Astarloa, J.M.D., Lewis, M., Yorio, P., Piriz, M.L., Rodríguez, D., Yoneshigue-Valentin, Y., Gamboa, L., & Martín, A. (2011). Marine biodiversity in the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America: Knowledge and gaps. PLOS ONE, 6(1), e14631. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014631
  • Pal, D., & Mitra, S. K. (2017). The environmental Kuznets curve for carbon dioxide in India and China: Growth and pollution at crossroad. Journal of Policy Modeling, 39(2), 371 385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.03.005
  • Panayotou, T. (1993). Empirical tests and policy analysis of environmental degradation at different stages of economic development. International Labour Organization. https://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1993/93B09_31_engl.pdf
  • Paolo Miglietta, P., De Leo, F., & Toma, P. (2017). Environmental Kuznets curve and the water footprint: an empirical analysis. Water and Environment Journal, 31(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12211
  • Pata, U.K. (2018). Renewable energy consumption, urbanization, financial development, income, and CO2 emissions in Turkey: Testing the EKC hypothesis with structural breaks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 770-779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.236
  • Pata, U.K., & Caglar, A.E. (2021). Investigating the EKC hypothesis with renewable energy consumption, human capital, globalization, and trade openness for China: Evidence from augmented ARDL approach with a structural break. Energy, 216, 119220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119220
  • Pata, U.K., Dam, M.M., & Kaya, F. (2023). How effective are renewable energy, tourism, trade openness, and foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions? An EKC analysis for ASEAN countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(6), 14821-14837. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23160-z
  • Pata, U.K., & Ertugrul, H.M. (2023a). Do the Kyoto protocol, geopolitical risks, human capital and natural resources affect the sustainability limit? A new environmental approach based on the LCC hypothesis. Resources Policy, 81, 103352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103352
  • Pata, U.K., & Isik, C. (2021). Determinants of the load capacity factor in China: A novel dynamic ARDL approach for ecological footprint accounting. Resources Policy, 74, 102313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102313
  • Pauly, D., Watson, R., & Alder, J. (2005). Global trends in world fisheries: impacts on marine ecosystems and food security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360(1453), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1574
  • Pesaran, M.H. (2004). General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 0435, IZA Discussion Paper No. 1240. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.5113
  • Pesaran, M.H., Ullah, A., & Yamagata, T. (2008). A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross-section independence. The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2007.00227.x
  • Pesaran, M.H., & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. Journal of Econometrics 142(1), 50 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.05.010
  • Saboori, B., Al-Mulali, U., Bin Baba, M., & Mohammed, A. H. (2016). Oil-induced environmental Kuznets curve in OPEC. International Journal of Green Energy, 13(4), 408 416. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.961468
  • Samour, A., Adebayo, T.S., Agyekum, E.B., Khan, B., & Kamel, S. (2023). Insights from BRICS-T economies on the impact of human capital and renewable electricity consumption on environmental quality. Scientific Reports, 13, 5245. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32134-1
  • Sarkodie, S.A., Owusu, P.A. (2023). Assessment of global fish footprint reveals growing challenges for sustainable production and consumption. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 194, 115369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115369
  • Sebri, M. (2016). Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for water footprint indicator: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 59(11), 1933 1956. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2015.1100983
  • Shi, Z., Assis, J., & Costello, M.J. (2022). Vulnerability of marine species to low oxygen under climate change. Imperiled: The Encyclopedia of Conservation, 887-894. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821139-7.00203-8
  • Siche, R., Pereira, L., Agostinho, F., & Ortega, E. (2010). Convergence of ecological footprint and energy analysis as a sustainability indicator of countries: Peru as case study. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 15(10), 3182 3192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2009.10.027
  • Shikwambana, L., Mhangara, P., & Kganyago, M. (2021). Assessing The relationship between economic growth and emissions levels in South Africa between 1994 and 2019. Sustainability, 13(5), 2645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052645
  • Sims, C.A. (1980). Macroeconomics and reality. Econometrica, 48(1), 1-48. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912017
  • Sun, A., Bao, K., Aslam, M., Gu, X., Khan, Z., & Uktamov, K. F. (2024). Testing load capacity and environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for China: Evidence from novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lags model. Gondwana Research, 129, 476 489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.07.018
  • Swamy, P.A.V.B. (1970). Efficient inference in a random coefficient regression model. Econometrica, 38(2), 311-323. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913012
  • Tekbaş, M. (2021). The Impact of economic, social and political globalization on economic growth: Evidence from BRICS-T countries. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 20(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.796472
  • The World Bank. (2024a). GDP (constant 2015 US$). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (Accessed January 2024)
  • The World Bank. (2024b). Services, value added (% of GDP). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS (Accessed January 2024)
  • The World Bank. (2024c). Pollution. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/pollution (Accessed January 2024)
  • Uche, E., Das, N., & Bera, P. (2023). Re-examining the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for India via the multiple threshold NARDL procedure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(5), 11913-11925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22912-1
  • Udemba, E.N. (2021). Ascertainment of ecological footprint and environmental Kuznets in China. In: Muthu, S.S. (Ed.). Assessment of Ecological Footprints. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0096-8_3
  • UN. (2024). Sustainable development goal, goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources. United Nations. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/oceans (Accessed June 2024)
  • Wackernagel, M., & Rees, W. (1996). Our ecological footprint: reducing human impact on the earth. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island.
  • Wackernagel, M., Schulz, N.B., Deumling, D., Linares, A.C., Jenkins, M., Kapos, V., Monfreda, C., Loh, J., Myers, N., Norgaard, R., & Randers, J. (2002). Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(14), 9266-9271. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.142033699
  • Wang, K., Rehman, M.A., Fahad, S., & Linzhao, Z. (2023). Unleashing the influence of natural resources, sustainable energy and human capital on consumption-based carbon emissions in G7 countries. Resources Policy, 81, 103384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103384
  • Wang, S., Zafar, M.W., Vasbieva, D.G., & Yurtkuran, S. (2024). Economic growth, nuclear energy, renewable energy, and environmental quality: Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve and load capacity curve hypothesis. Gondwana Research, 129, 490 504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.06.009
  • Wei, Y., Ding, D., Gu, T., Xu, Y., Sun, X., Qu, K., & Cui, Z. (2023). Ocean acidification and warming significantly affect coastal eutrophication and organic pollution: A case study in the Bohai Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 186, 114380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114380
  • Wu, L., Liu, S., Liu, D., Fang, Z., & Xu, H. (2015). Modelling and forecasting CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries using a novel multi-variable grey model. Energy, 79, 489 495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.052
  • Yilanci, V., Cutcu, I., & Cayir, B. (2022). Is the environmental Kuznets curve related to the fishing footprint? Evidence from China. Fisheries Research, 254, 106392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106392
  • Yilanci, V., Cutcu, I., Cayir, B., & Saglam, M.S. (2023). Pollution haven or pollution halo in the fishing footprint: evidence from Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 188, 114626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114626
  • Yildirim, D.C., Yildirim, S., Bostancı, S.H., & Turan, T. (2022). The nexus between human development and fishing footprint among Mediterranean countries. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 176, 113426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113426
  • Zellner, A. (1962). An efficient method of estimating seemingly unrelated regressions and tests for aggregation bias. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 57(298), 348 68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1962.10480664
  • Zhang, H. (2021). Technology innovation, economic growth and carbon emissions in the context of carbon neutrality: Evidence from BRICS. Sustainability, 13(20), 11138. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011138
There are 80 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Conservation and Biodiversity, Fisheries Management
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Şerif Canbay 0000-0001-6141-7510

Serkan Şengül 0000-0001-9891-9477

Early Pub Date June 14, 2025
Publication Date June 15, 2025
Submission Date October 18, 2024
Acceptance Date March 5, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025Volume: 42 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Canbay, Ş., & Şengül, S. (2025). Economic growth and fisheries biocapacity in BRICS+T: An Environmental Kuznets Curve analysis. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42(2), 93-104.