Evaluation of health risks from heavy metals in the creeks feeding Mogan Lake, Türkiye

Serap Pulatsü; Dijar Latifi

doi:10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09

EN TR

Evaluation of health risks from heavy metals in the creeks feeding Mogan Lake, Türkiye

Abstract

The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks arising from potential exposure to heavy metals pose a negative threat to human health. In this study, heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn) analyses were conducted in the waters of four creeks in the Mogan Lake Basin (Sukesen Creek, Başpınar Creek, Yavrucak Creek, Gölcük Creek) under anthropogenic pressure. In the water samples taken from the creeks that also contribute to Mogan Lake, which has significant recreational importance in the basin: a) The non-carcinogenic health risks (HQ) of exposure to heavy metals through ingestion and dermal routes were identified for adults and children, b) The total potential non-carcinogenic health risks for adults and children were determined using the hazard index (HI). The total HI (THI) value was calculated as the sum of individual HIs (HIingestion + HIdermal), c) Carcinogenic health risk (CR) values were calculated for three heavy metals (Cr, Ni and As). According to the findings: a) Ingestion HQ values were found to be higher in adults and children due to As compared to dermal HQ values. According to the HI values, there was a high level of non-carcinogenic health risk in terms of heavy metals in Sukesen, Başpınar, and Gölcük Creeks, varying according to the month and age group. However, for Yavrucak Creek, there has not been appeared to be a non-carcinogenic health risk for adults and children, b) According to the calculated HQdermal and HIdermal values, there was no significant adverse health risk due to dermal exposure for adults and children, c) Children hazard index values were found to be higher than adult hazard index values, highlighting that children were at higher health risk most particularly when it comes to the considered heavy metals, d) The THI values for Sukesen and Başpınar Creeks indicated a significant non-carcinogenic health risk possibility for both adults and children in all sampled months. In Gölcük Creek, a serious non-carcinogenic health risk probability was observed for adults in April and for children during the sampling period, e) The calculated CR values for chromium, nickel, and arsenic indicated that the ingestion pathway poses a higher risk compared to the dermal route, expressing the likelihood of cancer incidence in adults and children. In the context of potential health hazards, to take administrative measures regarding heavy metal contamination, particularly in Başpınar and Sukesen Creeks, is important not only for the protection of public health but also for the sustainability of Mogan Lake.

Keywords

Mogan Gölü’nü (Türkiye) besleyen derelerde ağır metallerden kaynaklanan sağlık risklerinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Ağır metallere potansiyel maruziyetten kaynaklanan kanserojenik olmayan ve kanserojenik sağlık riskleri, insan sağlığını olumsuz yönde tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, antropojenik baskı altındaki Mogan Gölü Havzası’ndaki dört dere (Sukesen Deresi, Başpınar Deresi, Yavrucak Deresi, Gölcük Deresi) sularında ağır metal (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn) analizleri yapılmıştır. Havzadaki rekreaktif öneme sahip Mogan Gölü’nü de besleyen derelerden alınan su örneklerinde; a) Ağır metallere sindirim ve deriden emilim yoluyla maruz kalmanın, insan sağlığı üzerindeki kanserojenik olmayan riskleri (HQ) yetişkinler ve çocuklar bazında saptanmış, b) Yetişkinler ve çocuklarda toplam potansiyel kanserojenik olmayan sağlık riskleri tehlike katsayısı (HI) kullanarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam HI (THI) değeri; HIsindirim ile HIdermal değerlerinin toplamından elde edilmiştir, c) Kanserojenik sağlık risk değerleri (CR) ise üç ağır metal (Cr, Ni ve As) için hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular doğrultusunda; a) HQsindirim değerleri, As nedeniyle yetişkinler-çocuklarda, HQdermal değerlerinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. HI kanserojenik sağlık değerine göre, Sukesen, Başpınar ve Gölcük Derelerinde ay ve yaş gruplarına göre değişmek üzere, ağır metaller açısından yüksek düzeyde kanserojenik olmayan sağlık riski söz konusudur. Yavrucak Deresi içinse yetişkinler-çocuklar açısından kanserojenik olmayan sağlık riski olası gözükmemektedir, b) Hesaplanan HQdermal ve HIdermal değerlerine göre, yetişkinler-çocuklar açısından dermal yolla maruziyetten dolayı belirgin bir olumsuz sağlık riski bulunmamıştır, c) Çocuklar için tehlike katsayısı değerleri yetişkinler için tehlike katsayısı değerlerinden daha yüksek bulunmuş olup, özellikle dikkate alınan ağır metallere karşı çocukların daha fazla sağlıksal riskle karşı karşıya kaldıkları belirlenmiştir, d) Sukesen ve Başpınar Deresi’ne ilişkin THI değerleri; yetişkinler ve çocuklar için örnekleme yapılan tüm aylarda, Gölcük Deresi’nde, yetişkinler için nisan ayında, çocuklar içinse örnekleme periyodu esnasında ciddi düzeyde kanserojenik-olmayan sağlıksal risk olasılığını ortaya koymuştur, e) Krom, nikel ve arsenik için hesaplanan CR değerleri, sindirim yoluyla maruziyetin dermal yola göre daha riskli olduğunu ve yetişkinlerde-çocuklarda kansere yakalanma olasılığını ifade etmektedir. Potansiyel sağlık tehlikeleri bağlamında, özellikle Başpınar ve Sukesen Dere’lerinde ağır metal kontaminasyonuna ilişkin yönetsel tedbirlerin alınması, halk sağlığının korunması yanında Mogan Gölü’nün sürdürülebilirliği açısından da önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ethical Statement

There are no ethical issues with the publication of this manuscript

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Limnology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Serap Pulatsü ^*
0000-0001-5277-417X
Türkiye

Dijar Latifi
0009-0008-7301-5912
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 15, 2023

Publication Date

September 15, 2023

Submission Date

June 26, 2023

Acceptance Date

September 13, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 40 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA48KJ65TA

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Pulatsü, S., & Latifi, D. (2023). Evaluation of health risks from heavy metals in the creeks feeding Mogan Lake, Türkiye. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40(3), 219-227. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09

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