Optimization of extraction conditions for obtaining active compounds of Ulva sp.

Gizem Öder; Oguz Bayraktar; Beyza Tutku Bıçakçı

doi:10.12714/egejfas.41.3.04

EN TR

Optimization of extraction conditions for obtaining active compounds of Ulva sp.

Abstract

Ulva sp., a green macroalgae known as sea lettuce, is rich in polysaccharides, proteins, minerals, and bioactive compounds with antimutagenic, anticoagulant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and nutraceutical properties. Its abundance along the Aegean Sea coast poses an environmental challenge, as it is often disposed of as waste. However, Ulva sp. holds potential for high-value products in cosmetics and dietary supplements. Optimizing the extraction of its bioactive compounds using response surface methodology involved adjusting ethanol concentration, solid/liquid ratio, and extraction time. Key responses evaluated included yield, total polysaccharides, total protein, total phenol, total antioxidant activity, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and yeast cell glucose uptake. In this study, extraction yields ranged from 0.86% to 22.47% based on variations in extraction conditions. The highest total protein content was 106.88 mg BSA/g dry extract, while the polysaccharide content was determined to be 15.42%. The highest values for total phenol content and antioxidant capacity were found to be 82.15 mg GAE/g dry extract and 63.63 mg Trolox/g dry extract, respectively. The determination of the total amounts of antioxidants and phenolic compounds in extracts may expand their potential applications. In addition, the potential application of Ulva sp extracts as inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes has been demonstrated through experiments assessing both alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and glucose uptake in yeast cells. The results support an environmentally friendly approach for the utilization of Ulva sp. from waste into valuable antidiabetic products.

Keywords

Ulva sp.'nin aktif bileşiklerinin elde edilmesi için ekstraksiyon koşullarının optimizasyonu

Öz

Deniz marulu olarak bilinen yeşil bir makroalg olan Ulva sp., antimutajenik, antikoagülan, antikanser, antiinflamatuar, antibakteriyel ve nutrasötik özelliklere sahip polisakkaritler, proteinler, mineraller ve biyoaktif bileşikler açısından zengindir. Ege Denizi kıyılarında bol miktarda bulunması, genellikle atık olarak atıldığı için çevresel bir zorluk oluşturmaktadır. Ancak Ulva sp. kozmetiklerde ve diyet takviyelerinde yüksek değerli ürünler için potansiyel taşımaktadır. Tepki yüzey metodolojisi kullanılarak biyoaktif bileşiklerinin ekstraksiyonunun optimize edilmesi, etanol konsantrasyonunun, katı/sıvı oranının ve ekstraksiyon süresinin ayarlanmasını içermektedir. Değerlendirilen temel tepkiler arasında verim, toplam polisakkaritler, toplam protein, toplam fenol, toplam antioksidan aktivite, alfa-glukozidaz inhibitör aktivitesi ve maya hücresi glikoz alımı yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada, ekstraksiyon koşullarındaki değişikliklere bağlı olarak ekstraksiyon verimleri %0,86 ile %22,47 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek toplam protein içeriği 106.88 mg BSA/g kuru ekstre iken, polisakkarit içeriği %15.42 olarak belirlendi. Toplam fenol içeriği ve antioksidan kapasitesi için en yüksek değerler sırasıyla 82.15 mg GAE/g kuru ekstre ve 63.63 mg Trolox/g kuru ekstre olarak bulundu. Ekstraktlardaki toplam antioksidan ve fenolik bileşik miktarlarının belirlenmesi, potansiyel uygulamalarını genişletebilir. Ayrıca, Ulva sp. ekstraktlarının diyabet tedavisinde inhibitör olarak potansiyel uygulaması, hem alfa-glukozidaz enzim inhibisyonunu hem de maya hücrelerinde glikoz alımını değerlendiren deneyler yoluyla gösterilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Ulva sp.'nin atıktan değerli antidiyabetik ürünlere dönüştürülmesi için çevre dostu bir yaklaşımı desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Supporting Institution

Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Institution (Grant number: 223M357)

Project Number

223M357

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is not required for this study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Chemical Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Gizem Öder
0000-0002-5386-2822
Türkiye

Oguz Bayraktar ^*
0000-0003-4210-2825
Türkiye

Beyza Tutku Bıçakçı
0000-0002-6638-0355
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 2, 2024

Publication Date

September 15, 2024

Submission Date

April 5, 2024

Acceptance Date

July 29, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 41 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.3.04

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA66GG77RY

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Öder, G., Bayraktar, O., & Bıçakçı, B. T. (2024). Optimization of extraction conditions for obtaining active compounds of Ulva sp. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41(3), 194-206. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.3.04