Distribution of the critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis population in the Çanakkale Strait and Marmara Sea

Sefa Acarlı; Deniz Acarlı; Semih Kale

doi:10.12714/egejfas.41.1.07

EN

Distribution of the critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis population in the Çanakkale Strait and Marmara Sea

Abstract

This study was conducted with the primary objective of determining the presence of both healthy and impacted Pinna nobilis populations along the European coasts of the Sea of Marmara, followed by the identification of P. nobilis abundance and survival rates in the region encompassing the Çanakkale Strait and the southern coasts of the Sea of Marmara. Underwater surveys were randomly conducted at 19 distinct stations, including 8 stations along the European coasts of the Sea of Marmara, 7 stations along the southern coasts of the Sea of Marmara, and 6 stations within the Çanakkale Strait. SCUBA diving equipment was utilized to record information on habitat structure, water temperature, depth, and visibility at each station. The transect length during underwater surveys and the number of transects at each station were determined based on the condition of the seabed and the size of the area, respectively. Throughout the study period (September 2021 and October 2023), water temperature fluctuated between 17.5°C and 26.6°C. At the end of the study, a total of 395 individuals (147 live, 248 dead) were observed, with live individuals exhibiting total lengths ranging from 16.4 cm to 50.9 cm. This study represents the first investigation into the spatial distribution of P. nobilis along the European coast of the Marmara Sea. The study contributes significantly to enhancing our understanding of the ecology of P. nobilis populations in both the Sea of Marmara and the Çanakkale Strait. Additionally, recommendations for the rehabilitation of impacted populations and the conservation of healthy populations have been provided for decision-makers and fisheries managers.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

No specific ethical approval was necessary for this study.

References

Acarlı, S., Acarlı, D., & Kale, S. (2021). Current status of critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) population in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(1), 62-70. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.793885
Acarlı, D., Acarlı, S., & Kale, S. (2022a). The struggle for life: Pinna nobilis in the Marmara Sea (Turkey). Thalassas, 38, 1199-1212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00470-0
Acarlı, D., Acarlı, S., & Kale, S. (2022b). Recent status of Pinna nobilis population in the Çanakkale Strait and the Marmara Sea. In B. Öztürk, H. A. Ergül, A. C. Yalçıner, H. Öztürk & B. Salioğlu (Eds.), Marmara Sea 2022 Symposium (pp. 434-442). İstanbul, Türkiye: Proceedings Book (in Turkish).
Acarlı, D., Acarlı, S., & Öktener, A. (2020). Mass mortality report of critically endangered fan mussel (Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758) from Cunda Island, Ayvalık (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Acta Natura et Scientia, 1(1), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.29329/actanatsci.2020.313.12
Acarlı, S., Lok, A., Yigitkurt, S., & Palaz, M. (2011). Culture of fan mussel (Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758) in relation to size on suspended culture system in Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(6), 995-1002.
Acarlı, S., Lök, A., Acarlı, D., Serdar, S., Köse, A., Yiğitkurt, S., Kırtık, A., & Güler, M. (2010). Macrobenthic species attached on the shells of pina (Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758), distributed around Urla Karantina Island. In L. Barlas (Ed.), Türkiye’nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları VIII. Ulusal Konferansı (pp 741-746). Trabzon, Turkey: Proceedings Book. Vol.2 (in Turkish)
Acarli, S. (2021). Population, aquaculture and transplantation applications of critically endangered species Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(4), 350-369. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.627562
Acarli, D., Acarli, S., & Kale, S. (2021). The effects of mucilage event on the population of critically endangered Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) in Ocaklar Bay (Marmara Sea, Turkey). Acta Natura et Scientia, 2(2), 148-158. https://doi.org/10.29329/actanatsci.2021.350.09

Acarli, S., Lok, A., & Acarli, D. (2011). Preliminary spat settlement of fan mussel Pinna nobilis Linnaeus 1758 on a mesh bag collector in Karantina Island (Eastern Aegean Sea, Turkey). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 20(10), 2501-2507.
Acarli, S., Lok, A., Acarli, D., & Kirtik, A. (2018). Reproductive cycle and biochemical composition in the adductor muscle of the endangered species fan mussel Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758 from the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(10), 6506-6518.
Addis, P., Secci, M., Brundu, G., Manunza, A., Corrias, S., & Cau, A. (2009). Density, size structure, shell orientation and epibiontic colonization of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis L. 1758 (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in three contrasting habitats in an estuarine area of Sardinia (W Mediterranean). Scientia Marina, 73, 143 152. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2009.73n1143
Balkis-Ozdelice, N., Durmuş, T., & Balci, M. (2021) A preliminary study on the intense pelagic and benthic mucilage phenomenon observed in the Sea of Marmara. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 8(4), 414–422. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.954787
Basso, L., Vázquez-Luis, M., García-March, J. R., Deudero, S., Alvarez, E., Vicente, N., Duarte, C. M., & Hendriks, I. E. (2015). The pen shell, Pinna nobilis: A review of population status and recommended research priorities in the Mediterranean Sea. Advances in Marine Biology, 71, 109-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb.2015.06.002
Caballero, S. H. (2021). Advances in ecology and biology for the conservation of the critically endangered species Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) endemic of the Mediterranean (in Spanish). Doctoral Dissertation, 232 p. Universidad Catolica de Valencia, San Vicente Martir.
Carella, F., Aceto, S., Pollaro, F., Miccio, A., Iaria, C., Carrasco, N., Prado, P., & De Vico, G. (2019). A mycobacterial disease is associated with the silent mass mortality of the pen shell Pinna nobilis along the Tyrrhenian coastline of Italy. Scientific Reports, 9, 2725. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37217-y
Carella, F., Antuofermo, E., Farina, S., Salati, F., Mandas, D., Prado, P., Panarese, R., Marino, F., Fiocchi, E., Pretto, T., & De Vico, G. (2020). In the wake of the ongoing mass mortality events: co-occurrence of Mycobacterium, Haplosporidium and other pathogens in Pinna nobilis collected in Italy and Spain (Mediterranean Sea). Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 48. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00048
Catanese, G., Grau, A., Valencia, K. J. M., Garcia-March, J. R., Vázquez-Luis, M., Alvarez, E., Deudero, S., Darriba, S., Carballal, M. J., & Villalba, A. (2018) Haplosporidium pinnae sp. nov., a haplosporidan parasite associated with mass mortalities of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis, in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 157, 9-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.07.006
Çınar, M. E., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021a). Pinna nobilis in the Marmara Islands (Sea of Marmara); it still remains uninfected by the epidemic and acts as egg laying substratum for an alien invader. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(1), 161-168. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms. 25289
Çınar, M. E., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021b). The last fortress fell: Mass mortality of Pinna nobilis in the Sea of Marmara. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(3), 669 676. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.27137
Çinar, M. E., & Bilecenoglu, M. (2023). The predation of Pinna nobilis (Mollusca) juveniles by the spiny sea star Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata) in the Sea of Marmara. Sustainability, 15(22), 15719. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215719
Coppa, S., Guala, I., de Lucia, G. A., Massaro, G., & Bressan, M. (2010). Density and distribution patterns of the endangered species Pinna nobilis within a Posidonia oceanica meadow in the Gulf of Oristano (Italy). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 90(5), 885-894. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531540999141X
Demirci, A., & Acarli, S. (2019) Estimation growth parameters of endangered the fan mussel species (Pinna nobilis L.) by using different growth models from Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28(10), 7368-7374.
Demirel N., Yıldız, T., Ulman, A., Zengin, M., Akoğlu, E., Saygu, İ., Ertör-Akyazı, P., Gül, G., Bedikoğlu, D., & Yilmaz, İ. N. (2023). Status of the Sea of Marmara ecosystem and its fishery resources: Mucilage episodes and recommendations for sustainable fisheries. In M. Albay (Ed.), Mucilage problem in the Sea of Marmara (pp. 217-232). İstanbul: Istanbul University Press. https://doi.org/10.26650/B/LS32.2023.003.10
Donato, G., Vázquez-Luis, M., Nebot-Colomer, E., Lunetta, A., & Giacobbe, S. (2021). Noble fan-shell, Pinna nobilis, in Lake Faro (Sicily, Italy): Ineluctable decline or extreme opportunity? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 261, 107536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107536
García-March, J. R., Tena, J., Henandis, S., Vázquez-Luis, M., López, D., Téllez, C., Prado, P., Navas, J. I., Bernal, J., Catanese, G., Grau, A., López-Sanmartín, M., Nebot-Colomer, E., Ortega, A., Planes, S., Kersting, D., Jimenez, S., Hendriks, I., Moreno, D., …& Deudero, S. (2020). Can we save a marine species affected by a highly infective, highly lethal, waterborne disease from extinction? Biological Conservation, 243, 108498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108498
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., & Ryan, P. D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4(1), 4.
Hendriks, I. E., Cabanellas-Reboredo, M., Bouma, T. J., Deudero, S., & Duarte, C. M. (2011). Seagrass meadows modify drag forces on the shell of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis. Estuaries and Coasts, 34, 60-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9309-y
İşinibilir-Okyar, M., Üstün, F., & Orun, D. A. (2015). Changes in abundance and community structure of the zooplankton population during the 2008 mucilage event in the northeastern Marmara Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39(1), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1308-11
Karadurmuş, U., & Sarı, M. (2022). The last hope: the struggle for survival of fan mussels in the Gulf of Erdek, Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Mediterranean Marine Science, 23(3), 473 483. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.28474
Katsanevakis, S. (2007). Density surface modelling with line transect sampling as a tool for abundance estimation of marine benthic species: the Pinna nobilis example in a marine lake. Marine Biology, 152, 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0659-3
Katsanevakis, S., Carella, F., Çınar, M. E., Cizmek, H., Jimenez, C., Kersting, D. K., & Moreno, D. (2022). The fan mussel Pinna nobilis on the brink of extinction in the Mediterranean. Imperiled: The Encyclopedia of Conservation, 1-3, 200-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821139-7.00070-2
Katsanevakis, S., & Thessalou-Legaki, M. (2009). Spatial distribution, abundance and habitat use of the protected fan mussel Pinna nobilis in Souda Bay (Crete). Aquatic Biology, 8, 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00204
Katsanevakis, S., Tsirintanis, K., Tsaparis, D., Doukas, D., Sini, M., Athanassopoulou, F., Nikolaos Kolygas, M., Tontis, D., Koutsoubas, D., & Bakopoulos, V. (2019) The cryptogenic parasite Haplosporidium pinnae invades the Aegean Sea and causes the collapse of Pinna nobilis populations. Aquatic Invasions, 14(2), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2019.14.2.01
Kožul, V., Glavić, N., Bolotin, J., & Antolović, N. (2011). The experimental rearing of fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758). 46th Croatian and 6th International Symposium on Agriculture (pp. 803-806). Zagreb, Croatia. Proceedings Book.
Kurtay, E., Lok, Kirtik, A., Kucukdermenci, A., Yigitkurt, S. (2018). Spat recruitment of endangered Bivalve Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) at two different depths in Izmir Bay, Turkey. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 59, 501-507. https://doi.org/10.21411/CBM.A.43183913
Künili, İ. E., Ertürk Gürkan, S., Aksu, A., Turgay, E., Çakir, F., Gürkan, M., & Altinağaç, U. (2021). Mass mortality in endangered fan mussels Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) caused by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey. Biomarkers, 26(5), 450 461. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354750X.2021.1910344
Lattos, A., Bitchava, K., Giantsis, I. A., Theodorou, J. A., Batargias, C., & Michaelidis, B. (2021a). The implication of Vibrio bacteria in the winter mortalities of the critically endangered Pinna nobilis. Microorganisms, 9(5), 922. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050922
Lattos, A., Feidantsis, K., Georgoulis, I., Giantsis, I. A., Karagiannis, D., Theodorou, J. A., Staikou, A., & Michaelidis, B. (2021b). Pathophysiological responses of Pinna nobilis individuals enlightens the etiology of mass mortality situation in the Mediterranean populations. Cells, 10(11), 2838. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10112838
Natalotto, A., Sureda, A., Maisano, M., Spanò, N., Mauceri, A., & Deudero, S. (2015). Biomarkers of environmental stress in gills of Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) from Balearic Island. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 122, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.06.035
Nebot-Colomer, E., Álvarez, E., Belando, M. D., Deudero, S., Catanese, G., Bernardeau-Esteller, J., Garcia-Muñoz, R., Ramos-Segura, A., Ruiz, J. M., & Vázquez-Luis, M. (2022). Living under threat: Will one of the last Pinna nobilis populations be able to survive? Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 32(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3738
Öndes, F., Alan, V., Akçalı, B., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020a). Mass mortality of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis in Turkey (eastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 41(5), e12607. https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12607
Öndes, F., Kaiser, M. J., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020b). Human impacts on the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 30(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3237
Özalp, H. B., & Kersting, D. K. (2020). A pan-Mediterranean extinction? Pinna nobilis mass mortality has reached the Turkish straits system. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01110-7
Papadakis, O., Papadimitriou, E., & Katsanevakis, S. (2022). Pinna nobilis, in search for the surviving populations in Greece. In T. Akriotis, D. Koutsoubas, P. Zannetos, Y. Zevgolis, C. S. Georgiadis & P. Lymberakis (Eds.), (2022), 15th International Congress on the Zoogeography and Ecology of Greece and Adjacent Regions (pp. 89). Mytilini, Greece: Abstract Book. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11353.60007
Pensa, D., Fianchini, A., Grosso, L., Ventura, D., Cataudella, S., Scardi, M., & Rakaj, A. (2022). Population status, distribution and trophic implications of Pinna nobilis along the South-eastern Italian coast. npj Biodiversity, 1(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-022-00002-2
Peyran, C., Morage, T., Nebot-Colomer, E., Iwankow, G., & Planes, S. (2022). Unexpected residual habitats raise hope for the survival of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis along the Occitan coast (Northwest Mediterranean Sea). Endangered Species Research, 48, 123-137. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01191
Prado, P., Caiola, N., & Ibáñez, C. (2014). Habitat use by a large population of Pinna nobilis in shallow waters. Scientia Marina, 78(4), 555-565.
Rabaoui, L., Tlig-Zouari, S., & Ben Hassine, O. K. (2008). Distribution and habitat of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 (Mollusca: Bivalvia) along the northern and eastern Tunisian coasts. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 49(1), 67-78.
Rabaoui, L., Tlig-Zouari, S., Cosentino, A. & Hassine, O.K.B. (2009) Associated fauna of the fan shell Pinna nobilis (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in the northern and eastern Tunisian coasts. Scientia Marina, 73(1), 129-141. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2009.73n1129
Rabaoui, L., Tlig-Zouari, S., Katsanevakis, S., & Ben Hassien, O. K. (2010). Modelling population density of Pinna nobilis (Bivalvia) on the eastern and southeastern coast of Tunisia. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 76, 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyq023
Ruitton, S., & Lefebvre, C. (2021). Toward a recovery of the pen shell Pinna nobilis in the French Mediterranean open sea?. Scientific Reports of the Port-Cros National Park, 35, 429-434.
Šiletić, T., & Peharda, M. (2003). Population study of the fan shell Pinna nobilis L. in Malo and Veliko Jezero of the Mljet National Park (Adriatic Sea). Scientia Marina, 67, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2003.67n191
Tatton, B., Gütte, C., Meek, S., Grandjean, T., Miliou, A., Sargeant, S., & Steer, M. D. (2019). The importance of Posidonia oceanica meadows to the distribution of Pinna nobilis through habitat suitability modelling. In H. Langar, A. Ouerghi (Eds.), 6th Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation (pp. 133-134). Antalya, Turkey: Proceedings Book.
Tebble, N. (1966). British bivalve seashells. A Handbook for Identification. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). 212 p.
Trigos, S., García-March, J. R., Vicente, N., Tena, J., & Torres, J. (2014). Utilization of muddy detritus as organic matter source by the fan mussel Pinna nobilis. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15(3), 667-674. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.836
Vázquez-Luis, M., March, D., Álvarez, E., Álvarez-Berastegui, D., & Deudero, S. (2014). Spatial distribution modelling of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis in a Marine Protected Area. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15(3), 626-634. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.796
Vázquez-Luis, M., Álvarez, E., Barrajón, A., García-March, J. R., Grau, A., Hendriks, I. E., Jiménez, S., Kersting, D., Moreno, D., Pérez, M., Ruiz, J. M., Sánchez, J., Villalba, A., & Deudero, S. (2017). S.O.S. Pinna nobilis: A mass mortality event in Western Mediterranean Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 220. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00220
Vicente, N., de Gaulejac, B., & Avon, M. (2002). Pinna nobilis biological indicator of the Mediterranean littoral quality. Premier Séminaire International Sur La Grande Nacre de Méditerranée: Pinna nobilis (pp. 111-126). Embiez, France: Proceedings Book.
Zavodnik, D., Hrs-Brenko, M., & Legac, M. (1991). Synopsis on the fan shell Pinna nobilis L. in the eastern Adriatic Sea. In C. F. Boudouresque, M. Avon, V. Gravez (Eds.), Les Espèces Marines à Protéger en Méditerranée. GIS Posidonie Publ. Marseille, 169-178.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Hydrobiology , Aquaculture and Fisheries (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Sefa Acarlı ^*
0000-0002-5891-5938
Türkiye

Deniz Acarlı
0000-0001-8537-9969
Türkiye

Semih Kale
0000-0001-5705-6935
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

March 11, 2024

Publication Date

March 15, 2024

Submission Date

January 5, 2024

Acceptance Date

February 17, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 41 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.1.07

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89WZ97MC

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Acarlı, S., Acarlı, D., & Kale, S. (2024). Distribution of the critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis population in the Çanakkale Strait and Marmara Sea. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41(1), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.1.07