Determination of risk perception in small-scale fishing and navigation

Can Atacan; Faik Ozan Düzbastılar

doi:10.12714/egejfas.40.1.01

EN TR

Determination of risk perception in small-scale fishing and navigation

Abstract

In this study, risk perception and the impact of various environmental factors on accidents involving fishing vessels in small-scale fishing vessels during navigation were examined. Thirty fishing vessel captains from Çeşmealtı and İskele fishing ports evaluated the risks of environmental conditions under different scenarios in the bridge navigation simulator based on the Fine-Kinney risk assessment method. Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney U-test) and parametric tests (Pearson correlation and independent-samples t-test) were performed to analyse other related parameters. The study also conducted a small questionnaire study that included questions such as the number of past accidents by fishermen and the number of engine rudder failures. According to the sum of the fishermen's assessments, reduced visibility was the highest factor increasing the probability and consequences of accidents in sea navigation, while they identified night and heavy weather conditions as the highest factor in port navigation. Fishermen also found navigating their ports safer than sea navigation. There is a significant, positive, and strong correlation between the number of fishermen’s accidents and the number of engine rudder failures (p=0.047, r=0.714), the perception of accident probabilities in port navigating with restricted visibility (p=0.027, r=0.726) and in port navigation at night and in heavy weather (p=0.003, r=0.866). According to the results of the study, using the outcomes of the pre-fishing environmental risk assessment, the competent maritime authorities may be able to take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of serious marine casualties.

Keywords

Küçük ölçekli balıkçılıkta ve seyir sırasında risk algısının belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, küçük ölçekli balıkçı teknelerinde seyir sırasında karıştığı kazalardaki risk algısı ve çeşitli çevresel faktörlerin etkisi incelenmiştir. Çeşmealtı ve İskele balıkçı barınaklarından Otuz balıkçı gemisi kaptanı, Fine-Kinney risk değerlendirme metoduna dayanarak köprü üstü seyir simülatöründe farklı senaryolar altında çevresel koşulların risklerini değerlendirmişlerdir. Diğer verilerin analizi için de parametrik (Pearson korelasyon analizi ve t testi) ve parametrik olmayan (Mann-Whitney U testi) testler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca balıkçıların daha önceki deneyimlerinden kaza sayıları, makine dümen arızası gibi sorulardan oluşan bir anket çalışması da yapılmıştır. Balıkçıların değerlendirmeleri sonucu ortaya çıkan puanların toplamına göre deniz seyrinde kaza ihtimal ve neticesini arttıran en yüksek etken olarak kısıtlı görüşü belirlemişken liman seyrinde gece ve şiddetli hava koşulunu en yüksek etken olarak belirlemişlerdir. Ayrıca balıkçılar kendi limanlarında yaptıkları seyri deniz seyrine göre daha emniyetli bulmuşlardır. Balıkçıların yaşadıkları kaza sayısı ile makine-dümen arıza sayısı (p=0,047, r=0,714), liman seyrinde kısıtlı görüşte (p=0,027, r=0,726) ve şiddetli havada gece seyrinde kaza ihtimali algısı (p=0,003, r=0,866) arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ve güçlü ilişki vardır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, küçük ölçekli balıkçıların denize çıkmadan önce çevresel şartlara göre risk değerlendirmesi sonuçlarından yararlanılarak ilgili denizcilik makamlarının ciddi deniz kazalarının meydana gelmesini önlemek için etkili önlemler alması mümkün olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

References

Akyıldız, H. (2015). Formal safety assessment of a fishing vessel. GİDB Dergi, 2, 31-46.
Awal, Z.I., & Hasegawa, K. (2017). A study on accident theories and application to maritime accidents. Procedia Engineering, 194, 298-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.08.149
Bayar, N. (2010). Analysis of maritime traffic safety in İstanbul Strait using fuzzy AHP and FMEA methods based on risk. Doctoral dissertation, Yıldız Teknik University, Turkey.
Bekdemir, E. (2019). Application of Fine Kinney and 5x5 matrix risk analysis methods in building construction (in Turkish with English abstract). Doctoral dissertation, İstanbul Aydın University, Turkey.
Çınar, F. (2020). A model on risk analysis methods in ship handling during port manoeuvres. Master's thesis, Piri Reis University, Turkey.
Dahlstrom, N., Dekker, S., Van Winsen, R. & Nyce, J. (2009) Fidelity and validity of simulator training. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 10(4):305-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639220802368864
Demirci, S. M. E., Canımoğlu, R., & Elçiçek, H. (2022). An evaluation of the effects of human factors on potential ship accidents under pilotage. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 11(1), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1064311
EMSA (2022). European Maritime Safety Report 2022. Retrieved from https://emsa.europa.eu/publications/item/4735-emsafe-report.html

Eronat, C. (2017). An overview on İzmir Bay physical oceanography. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 34(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2017.34.1.01
Fan, S., Zhang, J., Blanco-Davis, E., Yang, Z., & Yan, X. (2020). Maritime accident prevention strategy formulation from a human factor perspective using Bayesian Networks and TOPSIS. Ocean Engineering, 210(107544), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107544
FAO (2014). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture: Opportunities and challenges. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/3/i3720e/i3720e.pdf
FAO (2021). FAO. 2021. FAO Yearbook. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics 2019 Rome/Roma. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7874t
Fine, W.T. (1971). Mathematical evaluations for controlling hazards. Journal of Safety Research, 3, 157-166.
Formela, K., Neumann, T., & Weintrit, A. (2019). Overview of definitions of maritime safety, safety at sea, navigational safety and safety in general. TransNav, The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 13(2), 285-290. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.02.03
Galor, W. (2005). The managing of the navigational safety of ships in port water areas. WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, 82, 151-160.
Gucma, S. & Ślączka, W. (2018). Comprehensive method of formal safety assessment of ship manoeuvring in waterways. Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, 54(126), 110-119. https://doi.org/10.17402/292
Haapasaari, P., Helle, I., Lehikoinen, A., Lappalainen, J. & Kuikka, S. (2015). A proactive approach for maritime safety policy making for the Gulf of Finland: Seeking best practices. Marine Policy, 60, 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.06.003
Halim, A., Wiryawan, B., Loneragan, N. R., Hordyk, A., Sondita, M. F., White, A. T., Koeshendrajana, S., Ruchimat, T., Pomeroy, R. S., & Yuni, C. (2019). Developing a functional definition of small-scale fisheries in support of marine capture fisheries management in Indonesia. Marine Policy, 100, 238-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.044
Hasanspahić, N., Vujičić, S., Frančić, V., & Čampara, L. (2021). The role of the human factor in marine accidents. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(3), 261. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030261
Hsu, W.K.K., Chen, J.W., Huynh, N.T., & Lin, Y.Y. (2022). Risk assessment of navigation safety for ferries. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(5) 700, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050700
Jaremin, B. & Kotulak, E. (2004). Mortality in the Polish small-scale fishing industry. Occupational Medicine, 54(4), 258-260. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh054
Jin, D. (2014). The determinants of fishing vessel accident severity. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 66, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.01.001
Jin, D., Kite-Powell, H., & Talley, W. (2001). The safety of commercial fishing: Determinants of vessel total losses and injuries. Journal of Safety Research, 32(2), 209-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4375(01)00047-0
Jin, D., Kite-Powell, H. L., Thunberg, E., Solow, A. R., & Talley, W. K. (2002). A model of fishing vessel accident probability. Journal of Safety Research, 33(4), 497-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4375(02)00050-6
Jin, D., & Thunberg, E. (2005). An analysis of fishing vessel accidents in fishing areas off the northeastern United States. Safety Science, 43(8), 523-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2005.02.005
Jung, C. (2014). A study on the requirement to the fishing vessel for reducing the collision accidents. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety, 20(1), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2014.20.1.018
Kim, H.T., & Na, S. (2017). Development of a human factors investigation and analysis model for use in maritime accidents: A case study of collision accident investigation. Journal of Navigation and Port Research, 41(5), 303-318. https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2017.41.5.303
Kim, S.K., & Kang, J.P. (2011). A Study on the relationships between the casualties of fishing boats and meteorological factors. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education, 23(3), 351-360.
Kinney, G.F., & Wiruth, A.D. (1976). Practical risk analysis for safety management, NWC Technical Publication 5865, Naval Weapons Center, China Lake CA, USA, 1976.
Li, S., Meng, Q., & Qu, X. (2012). An overview of maritime waterway quantitative risk assessment models. Risk Analysis, 32(3), 496-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01697.x
Luo, M., & Shin, S. (2019). Half-century research developments in maritime accidents: Future directions. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 123, 448-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.04.010
Montewka, J., Ehlers, S., Goerlandt, F., Hinz, T., Tabri, K., & Kujala, P. (2014). A framework for risk assessment for maritime transportation systems - A case study for open sea collisions involving RoPax vessels. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 124, 142-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2013.11.014
Oh, J., Kim, K., & Jeong, J. (2015). A study on the risk analysis based on the trajectory of fishing vessels in the VTS area. International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy, 2, 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enavi.2015.06.004
Okumuş, D., & Barlas, B. (2016). An applied comparison of 5x5 analysis matrix and Fine-Kinney methods in the shipbuilding industry (in Turkish). Gemi ve Deniz Teknolojisi, 22 (Supp: 204-205):95-106.
Ölçücü, H., & Ersöz Kaya, İ. (2019). Comparative risk analysis and risk assessment of biological factors in hazardous waste disposal facilities (in Turkish with English abstract). European Journal of Science and Technology, 1375-1382. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.668653
Pleskacz, K. (2015). The impact of hydro-meteorological conditions on the safety of fishing vessels. Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of Szczecin, 41(113), 81-87.
Psaraftis, H.N. (2002). Maritime Safety: To be or not to be proactive. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 1, 3-16.
Roberts, S.E., Jaremin, B., & Marlow, P.B. (2010). Human and fishing vessel losses in sea accidents in the UK fishing industry from 1948 to 2008. International Maritime Health, 62(3), 143-153.
Saus, E.R., Johnsen, B.H. & Eid, J. (2010). Perceived learning outcome: the relationship between experience, realism, and situation awareness during simulator training. International Maritime Health, 61(4), 258-264.
Sellberg, C. (2017). Simulators in bridge operations training and assessment: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 16, 247-263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13437-016-0114-8
Smith, H., & Basurto, X. (2019). Defining small-scale fisheries and examining the role of science in shaping perceptions of who and what counts: A systematic review. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 236, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00236
Soykan, O. (2018). Risk assessment in industrial fishing vessels by L type matrix method and its usability. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 35(2), 207-217. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2018.35.2.15
Stratmann, T.C., Gruenefeld, U., Hahn, A., Boll, S., Stratmann, J., & Schweigert, S. (2018). Mobile bridge - A portable design simulator for ship bridge interfaces. The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 12(4), 763-768. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.04.16
Sur, J.M., & Kim, D.J. (2020). Comprehensive risk estimation of maritime accident using fuzzy evaluation method–Focusing on fishing vessel accident in Korean waters. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 36(3):127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.12.013
Tichon, J. & Burgess-Limerick, R. (2011). A review of virtual reality as a medium for safety related training in mining. Journal of Health & Safety Research & Practice, 3(1), 33-40.
Uğurlu, F., Yıldız, S., Boran, M., Uğurlu, Ö., & Wang, J. (2020). Analysis of fishing vessel accidents with Bayesian network and CHI-square methods. Ocean Engineering, 198, 106956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.106956
Usanmaz, D. & Köse, E. (2020). Comparative statistical analysis of two different methods for risk assessment in chemical research laboratory (in Turkish with English abstract). International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 12(2):337-348. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.606402
Villasante, S., Gianelli, I., Castrejón, M., Nahuelhual, L., Ortega, L., Sumaila, R. & Defeo, O. (2022). Social-ecological shifts, traps and collapses in small-scale fisheries: Envisioning a way forward to transformative changes. Marine Policy, 136(104933), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104933
Wang, H., Liu, Z., Wang, X., Graham, T., & Wang, J. (2021). An analysis of factors affecting the severity of marine accidents. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 210, 107513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2021.107513
Wang, J., Pillay, A., Kwon, Y.S., Wall, A.D. & Loughran, C.G. (2005). An analysis of fishing vessel accidents, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(6):1019-1024.
Won, Y., & Kim, D. (2019). Risk analysis and selection of the main factors in fishing vessel accidents through a risk matrix. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety, 25(2), 139-150. https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2019.25.2.139
Wu, Y. (2008). Statistical evaluation of weather patterns on fishing vessel incidents in Atlantic Canada. Doctoral dissertation, Dalhousie University, Canada.
Wu, Y., Pelot, R.P., & Hilliard, C. (2009). The influence of weather conditions on the relative incident rate of fishing vessels. Risk Analysis, 29(7), 985-999. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01217.x
Yıldırım, U., & Başar, E. (2019). Analysis of collision accidents on fishing vessels through human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) (in Turkish with English abstract), Dokuz Eylül University Maritime Faculty Journal, 11(2):203-219. https://doi.org/10.18613/deudfd.659807
Zaloğlu, D.I. (2019). Risk assessment with Fine Kinney Method in the fossil location in the scope of occupational health and safety (in Turkish with English abstract). Master's thesis, Başkent University, Turkey.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Fisheries Management

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Can Atacan
0000-0002-4490-7566
Türkiye

Faik Ozan Düzbastılar ^*
0000-0002-5376-7198
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 15, 2023

Submission Date

July 27, 2022

Acceptance Date

November 3, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 40 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.1.01

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67MF78XE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Atacan, C., & Düzbastılar, F. O. (2023). Determination of risk perception in small-scale fishing and navigation. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.1.01

Cited By

Deep-Sea Fishing and Sustainability: An Empirical Study on the Readiness of the Fishermen from Tamilnadu, India

Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review

https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730X.SDGsReview.v5.n01.pe03415