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Estimation of spawning stock biomass and spawning areas of sardine, (Sardina pilchardus) with winter time ichthyoplankton sampling in the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 54 - 62, 15.03.2024

İsmail Burak Daban , Yusuf Şen , Alkan Öztekin , Adnan Ayaz , Uğur Altınağaç , Ali İşmen , Ahmet Yüksek , Uğur Özekinci , Fikret Çakır , Tekin Demirkıran , Gençtan Erman Uğur , Oğuzhan Ayaz , Buminhan Burkay Selçuk

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.1.08

Abstract

The spawning areas and spawning stock biomass of sardine were studied with ichthyoplankton sampling in the winter period from the 32 stations, in the Marmara Sea. The mean fish egg and larvae biomass in a unit area were calculated as 18.4 ± 5.3 eggs/10 m2 and 2.5 larvae/10 m2, respectively. Three main spawning areas were detected as Karacabey Floodplain area, Gönen, and Büyükçekmece estuarine area. The larvae are mostly located in the western part. The batch fecundity of sardine was detected between 2415.9 and 16738.3, with a mean of 6899.8 ± 255.7 eggs. The sex ratio (R), spawning fraction (S), mortality rate, and daily egg production (Po) were calculated as 0.53, 0.098, 0.62, and 9.25 eggs/m2 in the Marmara Sea. The spawning stock biomass (B) is estimated at 2998 tonnes in the Marmara Sea. Both ichthyoplankton biomass and spawning stock biomass were found relatively lower. It is recommended to apply stricter management sanctions for the sustainability of sardine stocks.

Keywords

Fish eggs fish larvae small pelagic fish stock estimation daily egg production

Ethical Statement

No specific ethical approval was necessary for this study.

Supporting Institution

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

Project Number

121G097

Thanks

The authors thanks to Captain Osman Odabaşı and Able Seaman Umut Tunçer for their helps in the field works.

References

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Marmara Denizi’nde Kış Dönemi İhtiyoplankton Örneklemesi ile Sardalya Türünün Üreyen Stok Biyomasının ve Üremem Alanlarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 54 - 62, 15.03.2024

İsmail Burak Daban , Yusuf Şen , Alkan Öztekin , Adnan Ayaz , Uğur Altınağaç , Ali İşmen , Ahmet Yüksek , Uğur Özekinci , Fikret Çakır , Tekin Demirkıran , Gençtan Erman Uğur , Oğuzhan Ayaz , Buminhan Burkay Selçuk

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.1.08

Abstract

Project Number

121G097

References

  • Ak, Y. (2004) The abundance and distribution of the pelagic eggs and larvae of some teleost fishes in off Erdemli. Doctoral dissertation, Ege University, Türkiye.
  • Alheit, J. (1993). Use of the daily egg production method for estimating biomass of clupeoid fishes: a review and evaluation. Bulletin of Marine Science, 53(2), 750-767.
  • Alimoğlu, S. (2002). Dispersion and abundance of pelagic eggs and larvae of teleosts fish at northeast of Marmara Sea. Master thesis, University of Istanbul, Türkiye.
  • Arbault, S., & Lacroix, N. (1977). Eggs and larvae of Clupeidae and Engraulidae in the Bay of Biscay (1969-1973). Distribution of spawning grounds. Relations between environmental factors and reproduction. Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes, 41(3), 227–254.
  • Beverton, R.J.H. (1963). Maturation, growth and mortality of clupeid and engraulid stocks in relation to fishing. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des Réunions, 154, 44-67. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.19274888
  • Campillo, A. (1992). French fisheries in Mediterranean Sea. Knowledge synthesis. Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, France. 206 p.
  • Casavola, N., Rizzi, E., & Marano, C. (1996). First data on batch fecundity and relative fecundity of Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) (Clupeidae) in the South-Western Adriatic Sea. Boletin-Instituto Español de Oceanografia, 12, 53-64.
  • Chrysafi, A., & Kuparinen, A. (2016). Assessing abundance of populations with limited data: lessons learned from data-poor fisheries stock assessment. Environmental Reviews, 24(1), 25-38. https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0044
  • Cihangir, B. (1995). Abundance and distribution of European pilchard, Sardina pilchardus eggs in reproduction period in Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea (in Turkish). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 19, 17-26.
  • Cihangir, B. (1996). Reproduction of European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum, 1792) in the Aegean Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 20(1), 33-50.
  • Coombs, S.H., Boyra, G., Rueda, L.D., Uriarte, A., Santos, M., Conway, D.V.P., & Halliday, N.C. (2004). Buoyancy measurements and vertical distribution of eggs of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). Marine Biology, 145, 959 970. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-004-1389-4
  • Daban, İ.B. (2013). Community structure and temporal variations of ichthyoplankton in Dardanelles. Master Thesis, University of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart, Türkiye.
  • Daban, I.B., & İşmen, A. (2020). Fish larvae assemblages of Gökçeada Island, North Aegean Sea: effect of weekly sampling interval on their incidences. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 44(2), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1907-46
  • Daban, İ.B., İşmen, A., Şirin, M., Yığın, C.Ç., & İhsanoğlu, M.A. (2021). Analysis of demersal fish founa off the sea of Marmara, Turkey. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 4(1), 20-31. https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.912403
  • Daban, İ.B., Şen, Y., Öztekin, A., Ayaz, A., Altınağaç, U., İşmen, A., Yüksek, A. Özekinci, U., Çakır, F., Demirkıran, T., Uğur, G.E., Ayaz, O., & Selçuk, B.B. (2023). Preliminary investigation of the frame net sampling in the pelagic environment of Marmara Sea, Türkiye. Acta Biologica Turcica, 36(3), 9-1.
  • Delgado, A., & Fernandez, M.A.R. (1985). Datos sobre la biología de la sardina (Sardina pilchardus Walb., 1972) capturado por los cerqueros españoles en Africa Occidental de 1976 a 1982. In C. Bas, R. Margalefy, P. Rubíes (Eds.), Simposio internacional sobre las áreas de afloramiento más importantes del oeste africano (Cabo Rlanco y Renguela)(pp. 935-955). 21-25 de noviembre, 1983. Barcelona, España. II. Proceedings Book.
  • Dorel, D. (1986). North-east Atlantic fishes: Length-weight relationships. Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer. Nantes, France. 165 p.
  • FAO-FIGIS (2005). A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Sardina pilchardus. 3p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2910
  • FAO. (2019) Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/home/en/
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  • Figueiredo, I.M., & Santos, A.M. (1989). Reproductive biology of Sardina pilchardus (Walb.): Seasonal maturity evolution (1986 to 1988). ICES, C.M.H (40), 21p.
  • Fuiman, L.A., & Werner, R.G. (2002). Fishery science, the unique contributions of early life stages. England: Blackwell Science.
  • Ganias, K., Somarakis, S., Machias, A., & Theodorou, A.J. (2003). Evaluation of spawning frequency in a Mediterranean sardine population (Sardina pilchardus sardina). Marine Biology, 142, 1169 1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-003-1028-5
  • Garcia, A., Pérez, N., Lo, N.C.H., Lago de Lanzós, A., & Solá, A. (1992). The egg production method applied to the spawning biomass estimation of sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Walb.), on the North Atlantic Spanish coast. Boletín Instituto Español de Oceanografía, 8(1), 123-138.
  • Govoni, J.J. (2005). Fisheries oceanography and the ecology of early life histories of fishes: a perspective over fifty years. Scientia Marina, 69(1), 125-137. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2005.69s1125
  • Hoşsucu, B. (1992). Some of bioecological investigations about European pilchardus’s (Sardina pilchardus, Walb.) eggs and larvae in Izmir Bay (In Turkish). University of Istanbul, Fisheries Bulletin, 2, 5-12.
  • Hunter, J.R., Lo, N.C.H., & Leong, R.J. (1985). Batch fecundity in multiple spawning fishes. NOAA Technical Report Nmfs, 36, 67-77.
  • Kara, A. (2015). Investigation of distributions of some teleost fish eggs and/or larvae in the Bay of Erdek. Master thesis, University of Istanbul, Türkiye.
  • Lo, N.C.H. (1986). Modeling life-stage-specific instantaneous mortality rates, an application to northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, eggs and larvae. Fisheries Bulletin, 84, 395-407.
  • Lockwood, S.J. (1988). The mackerel, Its biology, assessment and the management of a fishery. England: Fishing News Books Ltd., Surrey.
  • Macer, C.T. (1974). Some observations on the fecundity of the pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum) off the south-west coast of England. ICES, C.M. J (9), 11 p.
  • Maynou, F., Sabatés, A., & Raya, V. (2020). Changes in the spawning habitat of two small pelagic fish in the Northwestern Mediterranean. Fisheries Oceanography, 29(2), 201-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12464
  • Miranda, A., Cal, R.M., & Iglesias, J. (1990). Effect of temperature on the development of eggs and larvae of sardine Sardina pilchardus Walbaum in captivity. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 140(1-2), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(90)90082-N
  • Muus, B.J., & Nielsen, J.G. (1999). Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p.
  • Nikolioudakis, N., Palomera, I., Machias, A., & Somarakis, S. (2011). Diel feeding intensity and daily ration of the sardine Sardina pilchardus. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 437, 215 228. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09275
  • Nikolioudakis, N., Isari, S., Pitta, P., & Somarakis, S. (2012). Diet of sardine Sardina pilchardus: an ‘end-to-end’field study. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 453, 173-188. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09656
  • Olivar, M.P., Catalán, I.A., Emelianov, M., & Fernández de Puelles, M.L. (2003). Early stages of Sardina pilchardus and environmental anomalies in the Northwestern Mediterranean. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 56(3-4), 609-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00210-X
  • Oliver, P. (2002). Methods for assessing Mediterranean fisheries. SAC/GFCM, 1-4.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Fish Biology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İsmail Burak Daban 0000-0002-2973-5698

Yusuf Şen 0000-0002-0595-4618

Alkan Öztekin 0000-0003-3914-9788

Adnan Ayaz 0000-0003-4839-9244

Uğur Altınağaç 0000-0002-3638-9834

Ali İşmen 0000-0003-2456-0232

Ahmet Yüksek 0000-0001-7949-3001

Uğur Özekinci 0000-0003-2207-0168

Fikret Çakır 0000-0001-5261-2365

Tekin Demirkıran 0000-0003-1613-5236

Gençtan Erman Uğur 0000-0002-3131-9239

Oğuzhan Ayaz 0000-0001-8458-4872

Buminhan Burkay Selçuk 0000-0003-4650-5592

Project Number 121G097
Early Pub Date March 11, 2024
Publication Date March 15, 2024
Submission Date October 10, 2023
Acceptance Date February 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 41 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Daban, İ. B., Şen, Y., Öztekin, A., … Ayaz, A. (2024). Estimation of spawning stock biomass and spawning areas of sardine, (Sardina pilchardus) with winter time ichthyoplankton sampling in the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.1.08