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Sürdürülebilir su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde yemlerin çevreye etkisinin azaltılması

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 87 - 97, 15.03.2019

İsmail Berat Çantaş Önder Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.12
Cited By: 3

Abstract


Sürdürülebilir yetiştiricilik çevresel, sosyal,
ekonomik ve estetik faktörlerin bütünleşmesi ile meydana gelmektedir.
Yetiştiriciliğin çevreye olan etkisinde beslemenin etkileri yadsınamaz. Çevresel
etkilerin başında sisteme verilen yem ve yemin oluşturduğu besin maddelerinin yükü
gelmektedir. Bu besinlerin yükünü yem içeriğinde bulunan azot ve fosfor
oluşturmaktadır. Azot ve fosforun yetiştiricilik yapılan ortamda normal
değerlerin üzerinde birikmesi ötrofikasyon ve algal patlamalar gibi olaylara
neden olabilmekte ve bu durum yetiştiricilik ortamındaki yaşamı olumsuz
etkileyebilmektedir. Balık yemlerinden kaynaklı çevresel etkilerin azaltılması sürdürülebilir
yetiştiriciliğe önemli katkı sağlamaktadır. Yemden en verimli şekilde
yararlanıp   çevre dostu yem formülasyonların
geliştirilmesi çevreye salınan azot ve fosfor miktarını azalarak yetiştiriciliğin
yem kaynaklı çevresel etkilerini azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir. Yemin daha
verimli kullanılarak sindirilebilirliğinin arttırılması ile ilgili çeşitli
çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu amaca hizmet etmek üzere son yıllarda yemlere
enzim eklenmesinin başarılı olduğu birçok çalışmada görülmüştür. Özellikle fitaz
enzimi ilavesi ile fosfor sindirilebilirliği artmakta suya salınan fosfor
miktarları da düşmektedir. Bu konuda entegre multi trofik akuakültür sistemler,
akuaponik sistemler gibi alternatif üretim formülleri ve izleme sistemlerinin
geliştirilmesi ile bu yükün faydalı bir şekilde kullanılması ve izlenilmesi
sağlanabilir. Bu derlemede sürdürülebilir yetiştiricilikte yemlerin çevresel
etkileri ve bu çevresel etkilerin azaltılması için neler yapılabileceği konusu
ele alınmaktadır.



Keywords

Sürdürülebilir yetiştiricilik çevresel etkiler ötrofikasyon nütrient birikimi

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Reducing the impact of feeds on the environment in sustainable aquaculture

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 87 - 97, 15.03.2019

İsmail Berat Çantaş Önder Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.12
Cited By: 3

Abstract


Sustainable aquaculture consists of environmental, social, economic and aesthetic factors. The most important environmental impacts are the feed given to the system, and the nutrient load arising from the feed and undeniable impact of aquculture. This nutrient load consists of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are basically found in feeds. Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the system can cause events such as eutrophication and algal blooms in the environment and this may be negatively affecting the life in the environment. Sustainable aquaculture can be achieved by reducing the environmental impacts arising from the feeding. The environmental impacts of the aquaculture arising from the feeding can be reduced by using the feed in the most efficient way and by reducing the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus release to the environment together with the development of environmentally friendly feed formulations. Many studies have shown that the addition of enzymes to feeds has been successful for more efficient use of the feeds and increasing digestibility. Especially thanks to the addition of phytase enzyme, the phosphorus digestibility increases and the amount of phosphorus released into the water decreases. In addition, this load arising from the feed can be advantageously used and monitored with alternative production formulas for example, with integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems and aquaponic systems. In this compilation, environmental effects of the feeds in sustainable aquaculture and what can be done to reduce these environmental effects are discussed.



Keywords

Sustainable aquaculture environmental effects eutrophication nutrient accumulation

References

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There are 81 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Review
Authors

İsmail Berat Çantaş 0000-0002-2074-4985

Önder Yıldırım 0000-0003-2591-0310

Publication Date March 15, 2019
Submission Date July 10, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 36 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çantaş, İ. B., & Yıldırım, Ö. (2019). Sürdürülebilir su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde yemlerin çevreye etkisinin azaltılması. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36(1), 87-97. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.12

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