The effect of mercury, copper, and zinc on paraoxonase (PON) enzyme activity in Bonito (Sarda sarda) fish

Büşra Şahin; Sena Çenesiz

doi:10.12714/egejfas.38.4.09

Araştırma Makalesi

Palamut (Sarda sarda) balığında paraoksonaz (PON) enzim aktivitesi üzerine cıva, bakır ve çinkonun etkisi

Yıl 2021, , 479 - 486, 15.12.2021

Büşra Şahin Sena Çenesiz

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.09

Öz

Çevre kirliliğinde sık rastlanan ağır metal kirlilikleri, biyokimyasal enzim reaksiyonları üzerinden organizmada zararlı etkiler meydana getirdiği için bu çalışmada çevre kirliliğinde sık rastlanan cıva (Hg⁺²), bakır (Cu⁺²) ve çinko (Zn⁺²) ağır metal iyonlarının palamut (Sarda sarda) balığı kas dokusunda bulunan PON (paraoksonaz) aktivitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Samsun bölgesi denizinden taze olarak temin edilen 25 adet palamut balığının kas dokuları kullanıldı. Ağır metal çözeltilerinden farklı hacimlerde eklenerek PON enzim aktivitesindeki değişiklikler tayin edildi. Farklı hacimlerde kullanılan Hg⁺² ağır metal iyonunun PON enzim aktiviteleri 30,9383 U/mLdak, 29,0598 U/mLdak, 26,3799 U/mLdak, 23,9443 U/mLdak, 20,6725 U/mLdak olarak hesaplandı, farklı hacimlerde kullanılan Cu⁺² ağır metal iyonunun PON enzim aktiviteleri 19,7949 U/mLdak, 19,4807 U/mLdak 19,1864 U/mLdak, 19,1200 U/mLdak, 18,9037 U/mLdak olarak hesaplandı ve farklı hacimlerde kullanılan Zn⁺² ağır metal iyonunun PON enzim aktiviteleri 23,8305 U/mLdak, 23,0781 U/mLdak, 22,9073 U/mLdak, 22,4324 U/mLdak, 21,8159 U/mLdak olarak hesaplandı. Elde edilen bu veriler sonucunda % aktivite değerleri hesaplanarak % aktivite grafikleri çizildi. Çalışma sonucunda Cu⁺² ve Zn⁺² ağır metal iyonlarının artan derişimlerinin enzim aktivitesinde azalmaya neden olduğu fakat kullanılan farklı derişimler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlendi. Hg⁺² ağır metal iyonun artan derişimlerinin PON enzim aktivitesini inhibe ettiği, kullanılan farklı derişimlere bağlı olarak aktiviteler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalmaya neden olduğu belirlendi (p < 0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Palamut (Sarda sarda), ağır metal, bakır (Cu), cıva (Hg), çinko (Zn), paraoksonaz (PON)

Destekleyen Kurum

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET.1904.19.011

Teşekkür

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı'nın PYO.VET.1904.19.011 proje numarasıyla verdiği desteğe teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

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Ashraf, W. (2005). Accumulation of heavy metals in kidney and heart tissues of Epinephelus microdon fish from the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 101(1-3), 311-316. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-0298-4
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Aytekin, T. & Kargın, F. (2019). Effect of copper on G6PD activity in the liver, gill, kidney and muscle tissues of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(2), 60-63. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.537019
Babacan, F., Isık, B. & Bıngol, B. (2011). Changes in serum paraoxonase activity, calcium and lipid profiles in pre-eclampsia, a preliminary study. Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 8(3), 169-174. DOI: 10.5505/tjod.2011.24540
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Beyaztaş, S., Türker, D., Sinan, S. & Arslan, O. (2007). Cyprinus carpio paraoksonaz enziminin bazı ağır metallerle inhibisyon etkisinin incelenmesi. 21. Ulusal Kimya Kongresi (pp. 23-27). Malatya, Türkiye.
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Bury, N.R., Walker, P.A. & Glover, C.N. (2003). Nutritive metal uptake in teleost fish. Journal of Experimental Biology, 206, 11-23. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00068
Carey, J.N.G., Shih, D.M., Hama, S.Y., Villa, N., Navab, M. & Reddy, T.S. (2005). The paraoxonase gene family and atherosclerosis. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 38(2), 153-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.035
Cicik, B. (2003). The effects of copper-zinc interaction on the accumulation of metals in liver, gill and muscle tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) (in Turkish with English abstract). Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 12(48), 32-36
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Çoğun, H.Y. & Kargın, F. (2020). Copper accumulation and Na/K ion levels in gill tissue of Cyprinus carpio (in Turkish with English abstract). Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 5(3), 313-317. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.749347
Deakin, S. & James, R.W. (2004). Genetic and environmental factors modulating serum concentrations and activities of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-I. Clinical Science, 107(5), 435-447. DOI: 10.1042/CS20040187
Dedeoğlu, N., Arslan, M. & Erzengin, M. (2014). Purification of holstein bull semen paraoxonase 1 (PON1) by hydrophobic ınteraction chromatography and ınvestigation of ıts ınhibition kinetics by heavy metals. Biological Trace Element Research, 158(1), 29-35. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9916-8
Deveci, H.A., Kaya, İ., Yılmaz, M. & Karapehlivan, M. (2015). Effect of zinc sulphate on the levels of plasma paraoxonase activity, total oxidant and high density lipoprotein of transcaucasian barb (Capoeta capoeta Guldenstaedt, 1773). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24(9), 2732-2735.
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The effect of mercury, copper, and zinc on paraoxonase (PON) enzyme activity in Bonito (Sarda sarda) fish

Yıl 2021, , 479 - 486, 15.12.2021

Büşra Şahin Sena Çenesiz

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.09

Öz

Since heavy metal dirtiness, which we frequently encounter in environmental pollution causes harmful effects on the organism through biochemical enzyme reactions, in this study, the effects of mercury (Hg⁺²), copper (Cu⁺²), and zinc (Zn⁺²) heavy metal ions, which are common in environmental pollution, on PON (paraoxonase) enzyme activity in muscle tissue of bonito (Sarda sarda) were investigated. In the study, 25 bonito (S. sarda) fish muscle tissues freshly obtained from the Samsun region sea were used. The changes in PON enzyme activity were determined by adding different volumes of heavy metal solutions. PON enzyme activities of Hg+2 heavy metal ion used in different volumes were calculated as 30.9383 U/mLdak, 29.0598 U/mLdak, 26.3799 U/mLdak, 23.9443 U/mLdak, 20.6725 U/mLdak, PON enzyme activities of Cu⁺² heavy metal ion used in different volumes were calculated as 19.7949 U/mLdak, 19.4807 U/mLdak 19.1864 U/mLdak, 19.1200 U/mLdak, 18.9037 U/mLdak and PON enzyme activities of Zn⁺² heavy metal ion used in different volumes were calculated as 23.8305 U/mLdak, 23.0781 U/mLdak, 22.9073 U/mLdak, 22.4324 U/mLdak, 21.8159 U/mLdak. As a result of these obtained data, activity (%) values were calculated and activity (%) graphs were drawn. As a result of the study, it was determined that increasing concentrations of Cu⁺² and Zn⁺² heavy metal ions caused a decrease in PON enzyme activity, but there was no statistically significant difference between the different concentrations used. It was determined that increasing concentrations of Hg⁺² heavy metal ion inhibited the PON enzyme activity, caused a statistically significant decrease between the activities depending on the different concentrations used (p < 0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bonito (Sarda sarda), heavy metals, copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), paraoxonase (PON)

Proje Numarası

PYO.VET.1904.19.011

Kaynakça

Ağcasulu, Ö. (2007). Investigation of accumulation of heavy metals in tissues of Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843) living in çeltikçe stream of sakarya rıver. Gazi University Institute of Science, MS Thesis, Ankara, Turkey. (In Turkish).
Ashraf, W. (2005). Accumulation of heavy metals in kidney and heart tissues of Epinephelus microdon fish from the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 101(1-3), 311-316. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-0298-4
Aviram, M. (1999). Does paraoxonase play a role in susceptibility to cardiovascular disease? Moleculer Medicine Today, 5(9), 381-386. DOI: 10.1016/S1357-4310(99)01546-4
Aytekin, T. & Kargın, F. (2019). Effect of copper on G6PD activity in the liver, gill, kidney and muscle tissues of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(2), 60-63. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.537019
Babacan, F., Isık, B. & Bıngol, B. (2011). Changes in serum paraoxonase activity, calcium and lipid profiles in pre-eclampsia, a preliminary study. Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 8(3), 169-174. DOI: 10.5505/tjod.2011.24540
Baillie, T.A., Moldeus, P., Mason, R.P. & Younes, M. (1993). Enzymes interacting with organophosphorus compounds. Shannon: Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland Ltd.
Beyaztaş, S., Türker, D., Sinan, S. & Arslan, O. (2007). Cyprinus carpio paraoksonaz enziminin bazı ağır metallerle inhibisyon etkisinin incelenmesi. 21. Ulusal Kimya Kongresi (pp. 23-27). Malatya, Türkiye.
Broomfield, CA. & Ford, K.W. (1991). Hydrolysis of nerve gasses by plasma enzymes. Proceedings of the 3rd International Meeting on Cholinesterases (pp. 167). La Grande-Motte, France.
Bury, N.R., Walker, P.A. & Glover, C.N. (2003). Nutritive metal uptake in teleost fish. Journal of Experimental Biology, 206, 11-23. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.00068
Carey, J.N.G., Shih, D.M., Hama, S.Y., Villa, N., Navab, M. & Reddy, T.S. (2005). The paraoxonase gene family and atherosclerosis. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 38(2), 153-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.035
Cicik, B. (2003). The effects of copper-zinc interaction on the accumulation of metals in liver, gill and muscle tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) (in Turkish with English abstract). Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, 12(48), 32-36
Coppock, R.W. & Nation, P.N. (2007). Aquatic toxicology. In C. Ramsh, (Ed.), Veterinary toxicology: Basic and Critical Principles. Elsevier Inc (pp. 709-713). Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Costa, L.G., Li, W.F., Richter, R.J., Shih, D.M., Lusis, A. & Furlong, C.E. (1999). The role of paraoxonase (PON1) in the detoxification of organophosphates and its human polymorphism. Chemico-Biological İnteractions, 119-120, 429-438. DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2797(99)00055-1
Çoğun, H.Y. & Kargın, F. (2020). Copper accumulation and Na/K ion levels in gill tissue of Cyprinus carpio (in Turkish with English abstract). Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 5(3), 313-317. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.749347
Deakin, S. & James, R.W. (2004). Genetic and environmental factors modulating serum concentrations and activities of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-I. Clinical Science, 107(5), 435-447. DOI: 10.1042/CS20040187
Dedeoğlu, N., Arslan, M. & Erzengin, M. (2014). Purification of holstein bull semen paraoxonase 1 (PON1) by hydrophobic ınteraction chromatography and ınvestigation of ıts ınhibition kinetics by heavy metals. Biological Trace Element Research, 158(1), 29-35. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9916-8
Deveci, H.A., Kaya, İ., Yılmaz, M. & Karapehlivan, M. (2015). Effect of zinc sulphate on the levels of plasma paraoxonase activity, total oxidant and high density lipoprotein of transcaucasian barb (Capoeta capoeta Guldenstaedt, 1773). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24(9), 2732-2735.
Dökmeci, İ. (2001). Zehirler ve zehirlenmeler. Toksikoloji. 3. Baskı, Nobel Tıp Kitabevi (pp. 249-692). İstanbul, Türkiye.
Eckerson, H.W., Wyte, C.M. & La Du, B.N. (1983). The human serum paraoxonase/arylesterase polymorphism. American Journal of Human Genetics, 35(6), 1126-1138.
Ekinci, D., Beydemir, S. & Küfrevioglu, O.I. (2007). In vitro inhibitory effects of some heavy metals on human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrases. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 22(6), 745-750. DOI: 10.1080/14756360601176048
Elana, T., Elana, M., Magdalena, G., Isabel, L. & Ana, M.P. (2006). Effects of caloric restriction and gender on rat serum paraoxonase 1 activity. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 17(3), 197-203. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.07.004
Erdös, E.G., Debay, C.R. & Westerman, M.P. (1960). Arylesterases in blood: Effect of calcium and inhibitors. Biochemical Pharmacology, 5(3), 173-186. DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(60)90061-7
Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry, 38(12), 1103-1111. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008
Erel, O. (2004). A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable abts radical cation. Clinical Biochemistry, 37(4), 277-285. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.015
Erol K., Gençer, N., Arslan, M. & Arslan, O. (2013). Purification, characterization, and investigation of in vitro inhibition by metals of paraoxonase from different sheep breeds. Artifical Cells, Nanomedic, and Biotechnology, 41(2), 125-130. DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.696065
Gülcü, F. & Gürsu, M.F. (2003). The standardization of paraoxonase and arylesterase activity measurements (in Turkish with English abstract). Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 28(2), 45-49.
Güller, U., Taşer, P., Çiftci, M. & Küfrevioğlu, Ö.İ. (2014). Purification of glutathione s-transferase from bonito (Sarda sarda) liver and investigation of metal ions effects on enzyme activity. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 42(3), 435-442.
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Kaptan, H. (2014). Eğirdir Gölü (Isparta)’nün suyunda, sedimentinde ve gölde yaşayan sazan (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758)’ın bazı doku ve organlarındaki ağır metal düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Isparta, Turkey. (In Turkish).
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Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Yapısal Biyoloji , Balıkçılık Yönetimi
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Büşra Şahin 0000-0002-5245-478X Sena Çenesiz 0000-0002-3544-503X
Proje Numarası	PYO.VET.1904.19.011
Yayımlanma Tarihi	15 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi	21 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA	Şahin, B., & Çenesiz, S. (2021). The effect of mercury, copper, and zinc on paraoxonase (PON) enzyme activity in Bonito (Sarda sarda) fish. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38(4), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.09

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