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Tavşanlarda Spermanın Alınması, İşlenmesi ve Saklanması

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 105 - 110, 28.09.2022

Abstract

Tavşan gerek fiziksel özellikleri gerekse çalışma kolaylığı nedeniyle biyolojik araştırmaları için oldukça uygundur. Tavşanlardan ötenazi işlemine gerek kalmaksızın suni vajen yardımıyla sperma alınabilmesi sayesinde biyoteknolojik çalışmalar kolaylıkla yürütülmektedir. Tavşan spermasının işlenmesi ve saklanması; mevcut kirlilik, lipid peroksidasyona aşırı duyarlılık, dondurma çözdürme sonrası total ve progresif motilite değerlerinde düşüklük sebebiyle tecrübe gerektirmektedir. Benzer şekilde mevsim ve sperma alma sıklığı da sperma kalitesini etkilemektedir. Tavşanlarda suni vajen (SV) ve elektroejekulatör (EE) ile sperma alınması başlıca kullanılan yöntemlerdir. SV, anestezi gerektirmemesi ve elde edilen spermanın kalitesi bakımından EE’ye göre daha sık tercih edilmektedir. Tavşanlarda kullanılan en yaygın sperma sulandırıcısı TCG (313.8 mM Tris, 103.1 mM sitrik asit ve 33.3 mM glukoz) yumurta sarısı (%10-20) sulandırıcısıdır. Tavşan spermasının uzun süreli saklanmasında kullanılan kriyoprotektan maddeler spermanın kriyoprezervasyon başarısını etkileyebilmektedir. Bu amaçla, tavşanlarda sıklıkla dimetil sülfoksit (DMSO) ve amid türevleri kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca tavşanlarda sperma hızlı ve yavaş yöntemler kullanılarak dondurulmaktadır. Bu alanda yapılan çalışmalar spermanın dondurulduktan sonra fertilizasyon yeteneğinin azaldığını göstermektedir. Bu yüzden tavşanlarda spermanın saklanması konusunda ileri düzey çalışmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu derlemede tavşan spermasının kısa ve uzun süreli saklanmasındaki güncel gelişmeler hakkında bilgi vermesi amaçlanmaktadır.

References

  • 1. Alvarino JM., 2000. Reproductive performance of male rabbits. 7th Congreso Mundial de Cunicultura. Valencia, Spain, 4-7 July, 13-35.
  • 2. Bencheikh N., 1995. Effet de la fréquence de collecte de la semence sur les caractéristiques du sperme. Ann Zoot, 44, 263-279.
  • 3. Boiti C., Castellini C., Besenfelder U., Theau-Clément M., Liguori L., Renieri T., Pizzi F., 2005. Guidelines for the handling of rabbit bucks and semen. World Rabbit Sci, 13(2), 71-91.
  • 4. Carluccio A., Robbe D., De Amicis I., Contri A., Russo F., Paoletti M., 2004. Artificial insemination in rabbits: Laboratory and field trial with three different semen extenders. World Rabbit Sci, 12, 65-79.
  • 5. Chen Y., Foote RH., 1994. Survival of rabbit spermatozoa frozen and thawed at different rates with and without seeding. Anim Reprod Sci, 35(1-2), 131-143.
  • 6. Curry MR., Redding BJ., Watson PF., 1995. Determination of water permeability coefficient and its activation energy for rabbit spermatozoa. Cryobiology, 32, 175–181.
  • 7. Di Iorio M., Manchisi A., Rocco M., Chrenek P., Iaffaldano N., 2014. Comparison of different extenders on the preservability of rabbit semen stored at 5 C for 72 hours. Ital J Anim Sci, 13(4), 3444.
  • 8. El-Habbato HE., Radwan AA., El-Menoufy AA., 1984. Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves in three breed of rabbits under subtropical conditions. Egypt Poultry Sci, 4,63-80.
  • 9. El-Kelawy HM., Tawfeek MI., El-Gaafary MN., Ibrahim H., 2012. Viability and fertilizing ability of extended rabbit semen stored at 5°C. pp 285-289 in Proc. 10th World Rabbit Congr., Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
  • 10. Fox RR., 1961. Preservation of rabbit spermatozoa: Fertility results from frozen semen. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 108, 663–665.
  • 11. Gogol P., 1999. Cryopreservation of plasma-deprived rabbit semen. Ann Anim Sci, 26, 85–92.
  • 12. Hanada A., Nagase H., 1980. Cryoprotective effects of some amides on rabbit spermatozoa. Reproduction, 60(1), 247-252.
  • 13. Hellemann C., Krause D., Weitze KF., 1979. Congelación de semen de conejo. II. Efecto de la cantidad, motilidad espermáticae integridad de acrosomas sobre fertilidad. Arch Med Vet, 11, 32-36.
  • 14. İleri K., Ak K., Pabuccuoğlu S., Birler S., 2002. Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon ve Suni Tohumlama. Ders Notu No, 133, İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayını, İstanbul.
  • 15. Kashiwazaki N., Okuda Y., Seita Y., Hisamatsu S., Sonoki S., Shino M., Inomata T., 2006. Comparison of glycerol, lactamide, acetamide and dimethylsulfoxide as cryoprotectants of Japanese white rabbit spermatozoa. Journal of Reprod Dev, 52(4), 511-516.
  • 16. Kubovicova E., Makarevich A., Balazi A., Vasicek J., Chrenek P., 2022. Factors affecting rabbit sperm cryopreservation: A mini-review. Zygote, 30(1), 1-8.
  • 17. Liu JL., Kusakabe H., Chang CC., Suzuki H., Schmidt DW., Julian M., Pfeffer R., Bormann C. L., Tian XC., Yanagimachi R., Yang X., 2004. Freeze-dried sperm fertilization leads to full-term development in rabbits. Biol Reprod, 70, 1776-1781.
  • 18. Luzi F., Maertens L., Mijen P., Pizzi F., 1996. Effect of feeding level and dietary protein on libido and semen characteristics of bucks. In: Proc. 6th World Rabbit Congr., Toulouse, vol. 2, 87-92.
  • 19. Martín-Bilbao M., 1993. Congelación de semen de conejo. Efecto de algunos agentes crioprotectores sobre la viabilidad espermática, V Jornadas sobre Producción Animal, ITEA 12 (Suppl. II), 486-488.
  • 20. Mocé E., Blanch A., Talaván M., Viudes-de-Castro M., 2015. Effect of different freezing velocities on the quality and fertilising ability of cryopreserved rabbit spermatozoa. Reprod Fert Dev, 27, 846-851.
  • 21. Mocé E., Vicente JS., 2009. Rabbit sperm cryopreservation: a review. Anim Reprod Sci, 110, 1-24.
  • 22. Moriya T., 1996. Cryopreservation of semen from Japanese white rabbits for use in teratological studies. Exp Anim, 45, 403-404.
  • 23. Naughton CK., Nelson DR., Thomas Jr AJ., 2003. Development of an inexpensive artificial vagina for semen collection from rabbits. J Androl, 24(5), 712-715.
  • 24. Nizza A., Di Meo C., Taranto S., 2000. Influence of dietary protein content on libido and semen characteristics bucks. in: Proc. 7th World Rabbit Congr. Valencia jul, 217-224.
  • 25. Nizza A., Di Meo C., Taranto S., 2003. Effect of collection rhythms and season on rabbit semen production. Reprod Domest Anim, 38(6), 436-439.
  • 26. Orgebin-Crist M., 1968. Gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves in the rabbit: estimation of daily sperm production. J Reprod Fert, 15,15-25.
  • 27. Orihuela A., Ungerfeld R., 2019. Acoustic characteristics of vocalisations emitted by the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) during copula ejaculation and electro-ejaculation with or without anaesthesia. World Rabbit Sci, 27(3), 157-162.
  • 28. Öztemel S., Doğan İ., Soylu MK., 2003. Beyaz Yeni Zelanda ırkı tavşanların kimi spermatolojik özellikleri. Uludag Univ J Fac Vet Med, 22(1-2-3), 69-73.
  • 29. Roca J., Martínez S., Vázquez J. M., Lucas X., Parrilla I., Martínez EA., 2000. Viability and fertility of rabbit spermatozoa diluted in Tris-buffer extenders and stored at 15°C. Anim Reprod Sci, 64(1–2), 103–112.
  • 30. Rohloff D., Laiblin C., 1976. Deep-freezing of rabbit spermatozoa. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 89, 181–183.
  • 31. Rossato MP., Laffaldano N., 2013. Cryopreservation of rabbit semen: comparing the effects of different cryoprotectants, cryoprotectant-free vitrification, and the use of albumin plus osmoprotectants on sperm survival and fertility after standard vapour freezing and vitrification. Theriogenology, 79, 508–516.
  • 32. Sawada Y., Chang MC., 1964. Motility and fertilizing capacity of rabbit spermatozoa after freezing in a medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide. Fertil Steril, 15, 222–229.
  • 33. Sevim S., Sarıözkan S., 2020. Kısa süreli saklanan tavşan spermasının spermatolojik parametreleri üzerine taxifolinin etkileri. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 17(2), 164-172.
  • 34. Sevinç A., 1973. Tavşanlarda Suni Tohumlama. A.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi Zootekni Kürsüsü, 135-144.
  • 35. Sönmez M., 2015. Reprodüksiyon suni tohumlama ve androloji ders notları, Elazığ.
  • 36. Theau-Clément M., Lattaıolı P., Roustan A., Castellını C., 1996. Reliability and accuracy of a computerized semen image analyses to evaluate various biological parameters in rabbit semen. in: Proc. 6th World Rabbit Congr., Toulouse, Jul., vol. 2, 139-143.
  • 37. Vicente JS, Viudes de Castro MP., 1996. A sucrose-DMSO extender for freezing rabbit semen. Reprod Nutr Dev, 36, 485– 492.
  • 38. Zaniboni L., Cassinelli C., Mangiagalli MG., Gliozzi TM., Cerolini S., 2014. Pellet cryopreservation for chicken semen: Effects of sperm working concentration, cryoprotectant concentration, and equilibration time during in vitro processing. Theriogenology 82, 251−258.

Semen Collection, Processing and Storage in Rabbits

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 105 - 110, 28.09.2022

Abstract

The rabbit is quite suitable for biological research due to their physical properties and ease of working. Biotechnological studies are easily carried out thanks to the ability to collect semen from rabbits with the help of an artificial vagina without the need for euthanasia. The processing and storage of rabbit semen requires experience due to existing pollution, hypersensitivity to lipid peroxidation, and low total and progressive motility values after freezing and thawing. Similarly, the season and the frequency of semen collection also affect semen quality. The semen collection in rabbits with artificial vagina(AA) and electroejaculator(EE) are the main methods used. AV is preferred more often than EE in terms of not requiring anesthesia and the quality of the semen obtained. The most common semen extender used in rabbits is TCG (313.8 mM Tris, 103.1 mM citric acid, and 33.3 mM glucose) egg yolk (10-20%) extender. Cryoprotectant substances used in the long-term storage of rabbit semen affect the success of cryopreservation of semen. For this purpose, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and amide derivatives are frequently used in rabbits. Moreover, semen in rabbits is frozen using fast and slow methods. Studies show that the fertilization ability of semen decreases after freezing. Therefore, there is a need for advanced studies on the storage of semen in rabbits. In this review, it is aimed to give information about current developments in short and long-term storage of rabbit semen.

References

  • 1. Alvarino JM., 2000. Reproductive performance of male rabbits. 7th Congreso Mundial de Cunicultura. Valencia, Spain, 4-7 July, 13-35.
  • 2. Bencheikh N., 1995. Effet de la fréquence de collecte de la semence sur les caractéristiques du sperme. Ann Zoot, 44, 263-279.
  • 3. Boiti C., Castellini C., Besenfelder U., Theau-Clément M., Liguori L., Renieri T., Pizzi F., 2005. Guidelines for the handling of rabbit bucks and semen. World Rabbit Sci, 13(2), 71-91.
  • 4. Carluccio A., Robbe D., De Amicis I., Contri A., Russo F., Paoletti M., 2004. Artificial insemination in rabbits: Laboratory and field trial with three different semen extenders. World Rabbit Sci, 12, 65-79.
  • 5. Chen Y., Foote RH., 1994. Survival of rabbit spermatozoa frozen and thawed at different rates with and without seeding. Anim Reprod Sci, 35(1-2), 131-143.
  • 6. Curry MR., Redding BJ., Watson PF., 1995. Determination of water permeability coefficient and its activation energy for rabbit spermatozoa. Cryobiology, 32, 175–181.
  • 7. Di Iorio M., Manchisi A., Rocco M., Chrenek P., Iaffaldano N., 2014. Comparison of different extenders on the preservability of rabbit semen stored at 5 C for 72 hours. Ital J Anim Sci, 13(4), 3444.
  • 8. El-Habbato HE., Radwan AA., El-Menoufy AA., 1984. Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves in three breed of rabbits under subtropical conditions. Egypt Poultry Sci, 4,63-80.
  • 9. El-Kelawy HM., Tawfeek MI., El-Gaafary MN., Ibrahim H., 2012. Viability and fertilizing ability of extended rabbit semen stored at 5°C. pp 285-289 in Proc. 10th World Rabbit Congr., Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
  • 10. Fox RR., 1961. Preservation of rabbit spermatozoa: Fertility results from frozen semen. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 108, 663–665.
  • 11. Gogol P., 1999. Cryopreservation of plasma-deprived rabbit semen. Ann Anim Sci, 26, 85–92.
  • 12. Hanada A., Nagase H., 1980. Cryoprotective effects of some amides on rabbit spermatozoa. Reproduction, 60(1), 247-252.
  • 13. Hellemann C., Krause D., Weitze KF., 1979. Congelación de semen de conejo. II. Efecto de la cantidad, motilidad espermáticae integridad de acrosomas sobre fertilidad. Arch Med Vet, 11, 32-36.
  • 14. İleri K., Ak K., Pabuccuoğlu S., Birler S., 2002. Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon ve Suni Tohumlama. Ders Notu No, 133, İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayını, İstanbul.
  • 15. Kashiwazaki N., Okuda Y., Seita Y., Hisamatsu S., Sonoki S., Shino M., Inomata T., 2006. Comparison of glycerol, lactamide, acetamide and dimethylsulfoxide as cryoprotectants of Japanese white rabbit spermatozoa. Journal of Reprod Dev, 52(4), 511-516.
  • 16. Kubovicova E., Makarevich A., Balazi A., Vasicek J., Chrenek P., 2022. Factors affecting rabbit sperm cryopreservation: A mini-review. Zygote, 30(1), 1-8.
  • 17. Liu JL., Kusakabe H., Chang CC., Suzuki H., Schmidt DW., Julian M., Pfeffer R., Bormann C. L., Tian XC., Yanagimachi R., Yang X., 2004. Freeze-dried sperm fertilization leads to full-term development in rabbits. Biol Reprod, 70, 1776-1781.
  • 18. Luzi F., Maertens L., Mijen P., Pizzi F., 1996. Effect of feeding level and dietary protein on libido and semen characteristics of bucks. In: Proc. 6th World Rabbit Congr., Toulouse, vol. 2, 87-92.
  • 19. Martín-Bilbao M., 1993. Congelación de semen de conejo. Efecto de algunos agentes crioprotectores sobre la viabilidad espermática, V Jornadas sobre Producción Animal, ITEA 12 (Suppl. II), 486-488.
  • 20. Mocé E., Blanch A., Talaván M., Viudes-de-Castro M., 2015. Effect of different freezing velocities on the quality and fertilising ability of cryopreserved rabbit spermatozoa. Reprod Fert Dev, 27, 846-851.
  • 21. Mocé E., Vicente JS., 2009. Rabbit sperm cryopreservation: a review. Anim Reprod Sci, 110, 1-24.
  • 22. Moriya T., 1996. Cryopreservation of semen from Japanese white rabbits for use in teratological studies. Exp Anim, 45, 403-404.
  • 23. Naughton CK., Nelson DR., Thomas Jr AJ., 2003. Development of an inexpensive artificial vagina for semen collection from rabbits. J Androl, 24(5), 712-715.
  • 24. Nizza A., Di Meo C., Taranto S., 2000. Influence of dietary protein content on libido and semen characteristics bucks. in: Proc. 7th World Rabbit Congr. Valencia jul, 217-224.
  • 25. Nizza A., Di Meo C., Taranto S., 2003. Effect of collection rhythms and season on rabbit semen production. Reprod Domest Anim, 38(6), 436-439.
  • 26. Orgebin-Crist M., 1968. Gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves in the rabbit: estimation of daily sperm production. J Reprod Fert, 15,15-25.
  • 27. Orihuela A., Ungerfeld R., 2019. Acoustic characteristics of vocalisations emitted by the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) during copula ejaculation and electro-ejaculation with or without anaesthesia. World Rabbit Sci, 27(3), 157-162.
  • 28. Öztemel S., Doğan İ., Soylu MK., 2003. Beyaz Yeni Zelanda ırkı tavşanların kimi spermatolojik özellikleri. Uludag Univ J Fac Vet Med, 22(1-2-3), 69-73.
  • 29. Roca J., Martínez S., Vázquez J. M., Lucas X., Parrilla I., Martínez EA., 2000. Viability and fertility of rabbit spermatozoa diluted in Tris-buffer extenders and stored at 15°C. Anim Reprod Sci, 64(1–2), 103–112.
  • 30. Rohloff D., Laiblin C., 1976. Deep-freezing of rabbit spermatozoa. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 89, 181–183.
  • 31. Rossato MP., Laffaldano N., 2013. Cryopreservation of rabbit semen: comparing the effects of different cryoprotectants, cryoprotectant-free vitrification, and the use of albumin plus osmoprotectants on sperm survival and fertility after standard vapour freezing and vitrification. Theriogenology, 79, 508–516.
  • 32. Sawada Y., Chang MC., 1964. Motility and fertilizing capacity of rabbit spermatozoa after freezing in a medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide. Fertil Steril, 15, 222–229.
  • 33. Sevim S., Sarıözkan S., 2020. Kısa süreli saklanan tavşan spermasının spermatolojik parametreleri üzerine taxifolinin etkileri. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 17(2), 164-172.
  • 34. Sevinç A., 1973. Tavşanlarda Suni Tohumlama. A.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi Zootekni Kürsüsü, 135-144.
  • 35. Sönmez M., 2015. Reprodüksiyon suni tohumlama ve androloji ders notları, Elazığ.
  • 36. Theau-Clément M., Lattaıolı P., Roustan A., Castellını C., 1996. Reliability and accuracy of a computerized semen image analyses to evaluate various biological parameters in rabbit semen. in: Proc. 6th World Rabbit Congr., Toulouse, Jul., vol. 2, 139-143.
  • 37. Vicente JS, Viudes de Castro MP., 1996. A sucrose-DMSO extender for freezing rabbit semen. Reprod Nutr Dev, 36, 485– 492.
  • 38. Zaniboni L., Cassinelli C., Mangiagalli MG., Gliozzi TM., Cerolini S., 2014. Pellet cryopreservation for chicken semen: Effects of sperm working concentration, cryoprotectant concentration, and equilibration time during in vitro processing. Theriogenology 82, 251−258.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Ali Ömür

Serkan Ali Akarsu

Publication Date September 28, 2022
Submission Date August 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

EndNote Ömür A, Akarsu SA (September 1, 2022) Tavşanlarda Spermanın Alınması, İşlenmesi ve Saklanması. Laboratuvar Hayvanları Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi 2 2 105–110.

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