Impact of dietary gallic acid on growth indices and the expression of antioxidant, stress, and immunity-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Boran Karataş

doi:10.12714/egejfas.42.1.02

EN TR

Impact of dietary gallic acid on growth indices and the expression of antioxidant, stress, and immunity-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of dietary gallic acid (GA) supplementation on growth performance and the expression of genes linked to antioxidant, stress, and immune functions in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with an average body weight of 2.84 ± 0.25 g were fed diets containing 0 mg/kg (control), 300 mg/kg (G300), 450 mg/kg (G450), and 600 mg/kg (G600) of GA over 60 days. The results revealed significant improvements in growth indices, including weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio, in GA-supplemented groups compared to the control (P<0.05). At the molecular level, GA supplementation significantly upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GPX), stress-related genes (HSP70), and immune-related genes (TNF-α, IL-1β). The G300 group consistently exhibited the most pronounced transcriptional responses, while higher doses (G450 and G600) showed diminished or inconsistent effects. These findings suggest that a dietary inclusion of 300 mg/kg GA optimally enhances fish health and productivity by modulating key molecular pathways. This dosage is recommended as an effective feed additive for improving the performance and resilience of rainbow trout in aquaculture.

Keywords

Gallik asidinin gökkuşağı alabalığında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) büyüme endeksleri ve antioksidan, stres ve bağışıklık ilgili genlerin ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, gökkuşağı alabalığında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diyet gallik asit (GA) takviyesinin büyüme performansı ve antioksidan, stres ve bağışıklık fonksiyonlarıyla bağlantılı genlerin ifadesi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ortalama vücut ağırlığı 2,84 ± 0,25 g olan balıklar, 60 gün boyunca 0 mg/kg (kontrol), 300 mg/kg (G300), 450 mg/kg (G450) ve 600 mg/kg (G600) GA içeren diyetlerle beslenmiştir. Sonuçlar, GA takviyeli gruplarda kontrole kıyasla kilo alımı, özgül büyüme oranı ve yem dönüşüm oranı da dahil olmak üzere büyüme endekslerinde önemli iyileşmeler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (P<0,05). Moleküler düzeyde, GA takviyesi antioksidanla ilişkili genlerin (SOD, CAT, GPX), stresle ilişkili genlerin (HSP70) ve bağışıklık ile ilişkili genlerin (TNF-α, IL-1β) ifadesini önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. G300 grubu sürekli olarak en belirgin transkripsiyonel tepkileri sergilerken, daha yüksek dozlar (G450 ve G600) azalan veya tutarsız etkiler gösterdi. Bu bulgular, 300 mg/kg GA'nın diyete dahil edilmesinin, temel moleküler yolları düzenleyerek balık sağlığını ve üretkenliğini en iyi şekilde artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu dozaj, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde gökkuşağı alabalığının performansını ve dayanıklılığını iyileştirmek için etkili bir yem katkı maddesi olarak önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Supporting Institution

This study did not receive any financial support, grant, or assistance from any public, commercial, or nonprofit funding organization.

Ethical Statement

The experiment was approved by the Van Yuzuncu Yil University Aquatic Vertebrates Local Ethics Committee (protocol no: 2024/04-05) and conducted in accordance with standard ethical guidelines.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pisciculture

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Boran Karataş ^*
0000-0003-4353-1293
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 8, 2025

Submission Date

December 19, 2024

Acceptance Date

January 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 42 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.42.1.02

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA29EU92FJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Karataş, B. (2025). Impact of dietary gallic acid on growth indices and the expression of antioxidant, stress, and immunity-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 42(1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.42.1.02

Cited By

Effects of Althaea officinalis supplementation on growth performance and antioxidant, stress, and immune-related gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.42.3.08