Research Article
Effects of ceramic balls on trout welfare during their live transfer conditions
Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 55 - 60, 15.03.2022Abstract
The effects of ceramic balls on live transfer conditions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, (Walbaum,1792)) were determined by examining ammonia, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature of water and gill histology of fish. Salt addition and various pH levels of water were also studied for comparison. The study was designed two different pH levels (high 7.98±0.2 and low 6.01±0.1), salt (6g/L), and ceramic ball (10g/l) addition and fish stock density to be 62.3 kg/m3. The trial tanks were mounted on a vehicle to represent actual transport conditions. Fish were sampled every hour for gill histology. As a results, the lowest ammonia value was determined as 1.98 mg/L in the ceramic ball. The highest ammonia value in the high pH group was 2.83 mg/l. When the gill tissues of the fish were examined, the significant differences observed were oedema and epithelial lifting in the control and high pH groups. Hyperplasia, epithelial lifting, and multiple deformations were observed in all the experimental groups except the ceramic ball group. This study showed that based on the histological results of the gills and the stability of the pH levels of the water and the effect on the reduction of the ammonia value of the water, that the ceramic balls are particularly useful for the transport of live fish.
Keywords
References
- Abrahamson, A., Brandt, I., Brunström, B., Sundt, R.C. & Jørgensen, E.H. (2008). Monitoring contaminants from oil production at sea by measuring gill erodactivity in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Environmental Pollution 153, 169–175. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.07.025
- Allison, S.M. & J.I. Prosser, (1993). Ammonia oxidation at low pH by attached populations of nitrifying bacteria. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25: 935-941. DOI: 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90096-T
- Amend, D.F., Croy, T.R., Goven, B.A., Johnson, K.A. & McCarthy. D.A. (1982). Transportation of fish in closed systems: methods to control ammonia, carbon dioxide, ph, and bacterial growth, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 111:5, 603-611. DOI: 10.1577/1548-8659(1982)111<603:TOFICS>2.0.CO;2
- Barlas, N., Akbulut, N. & Aydoğan, M. (2005). Assessment of heavy metal residues in the sediment and water samples of Uluabat lake, Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 74(2), 286-293. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0582-y
- Belema, M., Idowu, K.O., Aghogho, K.D., Ndubuisi, A., Oluwakemi, A. & Stella, U. (2017). Handling and packaging of ornamental fishes for successful transportation. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5 (5), 263-265.
- Berka, R., 1986 The transport of live fish. A review. EIFAC Tech.Pap., (48): 52p.
- Bhakta, J. N. & Munekage Y. (2009). Ceramic as a potential tool for water reclamation: a consice review. Journal of Environmental Protection Science, 3, 147-162
- Birungi, Z., Masola, B., Zaranyika, M.F., Naigaga, I. & Marshall, B. (2007). Active biomonitoring of trace heavy metals using fish (Oreochromis niloticus) as bioindicator species. The case of Nakivubo wetland along Lake Victoria. Physics Chemistry of the Earth, 32, 1350-1358. DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.034
- Di, Y.J., Jia B., Wang, J., Xu X.H. & Wu, J.F. (2013). Porous ceramic filter ball, quartz sand, removal efficiency, turbidity, water treatment, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 320; 683-687. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.320.683
- Kayış, Ş. (2019). Analysis of fish health status in terms of sustainability of aquaculture in Turkey-A SWOT analysis. Aquaculture Studies, 19(1), 69-76. DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_1_07
- Kawarada, H & Pironneau, O., (2019). Scale prevention by ceramic balls. East Asian Journal Applied Mathematics, 9: 424-446. DOI: 10.4208/eajam.310718.020119
- Kurtoglu, I. Z., Ak, K. & Genç, S. (2021). Effects of stocking density during live transportation on haematological parameters of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869), Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 37,6,809-815. DOI: 10.1111/jai.14266
- Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Blakiston Division, New York, ABD, McGraw-Hill Co., 3rd edition, 258pp.
- Ni, H., Li, L. & Li, H.H. (2007). Tourmaline ceramic balls stimulate growth and metabolism of three fermentation microorganisms. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24(5), 725-731. DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9529-x
- Randall, D.J. & Tsui, T.K.N. (2002). Ammonia toxicity in fish. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 45(1-12),17-23. DOI:10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00227-8
- Sajuni, N.R., Ahmad, A.L. & Vadimelu, V.M. (2010). Effect of filter media characteristics, pH and temperature on the ammonia removal in the wastewater. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(12), 1146-1150. DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.1146.1150
- Schelkle B, Doetjes R, Cable J. (2011). The salt myth revealed: Treatment of gyrodactylid infections on ornamental guppies, Poecilia reticulata. Aquaculture, 311:74–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.11.036
- Shabani F., Erikson U., Beli E. & Rexhepi A. (2016). Live transport of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and subsequentlive storage in market: Water quality, stress and welfare considerations, Aquaculture, 453; 110-115. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.11.040
- Sorour, J. (2001). Ultrastructural variations in Lethocerus niloticus, (Insecta: Hemiptera) caused by pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 48(3), 268–274. DOI: 10.1006/eesa.2000.2003
- Strzyżewska-Worotyńska, E., Szarek, J., Babińska, I. & Gulda, D. (2017). Gills as morphological biomarkers in extensive and intensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) production technologies. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 189, 611-620. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6278-7
- Tacchi, L., Lowrey, L., Musharrafieh, R., Crossey, K., Larragoite, E.T. & Salinas, I. (2015). Effects of transportation stress and addition of salt to transport water on the skin mucosal homeostasis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 435, 120–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.09.027
- Topal, M., Uslu, G., Topal, A.E.I. & Öbek, E. (2012). Resources and environmental impacts of antibiotics. BEU Journal of Science, 1(2), 137-152.
- Vosylienė, M.Z. & Kazlauskienė, N. (2004). Comparative studies of sublethal effects of ammonia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at different stages of its development. Acta Zoologica Lituanica 14(1), 13-18. DOI: 10.1080/13921657.2004.10512568
- Williams E.M. & Eddy F.B. (1986). Chloride uptake in freshwater teleosts and its relationship to nitrite uptake and toxicity. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 156, 867–872.
Canlı balık transferi süresince kullanılan seramik topların alabalık refahı üzerine etkisi
Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 55 - 60, 15.03.2022Abstract
Seramik topların gökkuşağı alabalığının (Oncorhynchus mykiss, (Walbaum, 1792)) canlı transfer koşulları üzerindeki etkileri, balıkların solungaç histalojisi ve taşıma suyunun amonyak, pH, çözünmüş oksijen ve su sıcaklığı değerleri incelenerek belirlenmiştir. Seramik topların karşılaştırılması için tuz ilavesi yapılmış grup ve farklı pH seviyeleri hazırlanmış taşıma grupları oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma iki farklı pH seviyesi (yüksek 7.98±0.2 ve düşük 6.01±0.1), tuz (6g/L) ve seramik top (10g/l) ilavesi ve balık stok yoğunluğu 62.3 kg/m3 olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Deneme tankları, gerçek nakliye koşullarını temsil etmek için bir araca monte edildi. Solungaç histolojisi için balıklardan her saat başı numune alındı. Sonuç olarak seramik bilyede en düşük amonyak değeri 1,98 mg/L olarak belirlendi. Yüksek pH grubunda en yüksek amonyak değeri 2,83 mg/l idi. Balıkların solungaç dokuları incelendiğinde, kontrol ve yüksek pH gruplarında ödem ve epitel dokuda ayrılma olduğu gözlendi. Seramik top grubu dışındaki tüm deney gruplarında hiperplazi, epitel dokuda ayrılma ve çoklu deformasyonlar gözlendi. Bu çalışma, solungaçların histolojik sonuçlarına ve suyun pH seviyelerinin stabilitesine ve suyun amonyak değerinin azalmasına olan etkisine dayanarak, seramik bilyelerin özellikle canlı balıkların taşınması için yararlı olduğunu göstermiştir.
Keywords
References
- Abrahamson, A., Brandt, I., Brunström, B., Sundt, R.C. & Jørgensen, E.H. (2008). Monitoring contaminants from oil production at sea by measuring gill erodactivity in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Environmental Pollution 153, 169–175. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.07.025
- Allison, S.M. & J.I. Prosser, (1993). Ammonia oxidation at low pH by attached populations of nitrifying bacteria. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25: 935-941. DOI: 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90096-T
- Amend, D.F., Croy, T.R., Goven, B.A., Johnson, K.A. & McCarthy. D.A. (1982). Transportation of fish in closed systems: methods to control ammonia, carbon dioxide, ph, and bacterial growth, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 111:5, 603-611. DOI: 10.1577/1548-8659(1982)111<603:TOFICS>2.0.CO;2
- Barlas, N., Akbulut, N. & Aydoğan, M. (2005). Assessment of heavy metal residues in the sediment and water samples of Uluabat lake, Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 74(2), 286-293. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0582-y
- Belema, M., Idowu, K.O., Aghogho, K.D., Ndubuisi, A., Oluwakemi, A. & Stella, U. (2017). Handling and packaging of ornamental fishes for successful transportation. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5 (5), 263-265.
- Berka, R., 1986 The transport of live fish. A review. EIFAC Tech.Pap., (48): 52p.
- Bhakta, J. N. & Munekage Y. (2009). Ceramic as a potential tool for water reclamation: a consice review. Journal of Environmental Protection Science, 3, 147-162
- Birungi, Z., Masola, B., Zaranyika, M.F., Naigaga, I. & Marshall, B. (2007). Active biomonitoring of trace heavy metals using fish (Oreochromis niloticus) as bioindicator species. The case of Nakivubo wetland along Lake Victoria. Physics Chemistry of the Earth, 32, 1350-1358. DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.034
- Di, Y.J., Jia B., Wang, J., Xu X.H. & Wu, J.F. (2013). Porous ceramic filter ball, quartz sand, removal efficiency, turbidity, water treatment, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 320; 683-687. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.320.683
- Kayış, Ş. (2019). Analysis of fish health status in terms of sustainability of aquaculture in Turkey-A SWOT analysis. Aquaculture Studies, 19(1), 69-76. DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_1_07
- Kawarada, H & Pironneau, O., (2019). Scale prevention by ceramic balls. East Asian Journal Applied Mathematics, 9: 424-446. DOI: 10.4208/eajam.310718.020119
- Kurtoglu, I. Z., Ak, K. & Genç, S. (2021). Effects of stocking density during live transportation on haematological parameters of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869), Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 37,6,809-815. DOI: 10.1111/jai.14266
- Luna, L.G. (1968). Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Blakiston Division, New York, ABD, McGraw-Hill Co., 3rd edition, 258pp.
- Ni, H., Li, L. & Li, H.H. (2007). Tourmaline ceramic balls stimulate growth and metabolism of three fermentation microorganisms. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24(5), 725-731. DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9529-x
- Randall, D.J. & Tsui, T.K.N. (2002). Ammonia toxicity in fish. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 45(1-12),17-23. DOI:10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00227-8
- Sajuni, N.R., Ahmad, A.L. & Vadimelu, V.M. (2010). Effect of filter media characteristics, pH and temperature on the ammonia removal in the wastewater. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(12), 1146-1150. DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.1146.1150
- Schelkle B, Doetjes R, Cable J. (2011). The salt myth revealed: Treatment of gyrodactylid infections on ornamental guppies, Poecilia reticulata. Aquaculture, 311:74–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.11.036
- Shabani F., Erikson U., Beli E. & Rexhepi A. (2016). Live transport of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and subsequentlive storage in market: Water quality, stress and welfare considerations, Aquaculture, 453; 110-115. DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.11.040
- Sorour, J. (2001). Ultrastructural variations in Lethocerus niloticus, (Insecta: Hemiptera) caused by pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 48(3), 268–274. DOI: 10.1006/eesa.2000.2003
- Strzyżewska-Worotyńska, E., Szarek, J., Babińska, I. & Gulda, D. (2017). Gills as morphological biomarkers in extensive and intensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) production technologies. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 189, 611-620. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6278-7
- Tacchi, L., Lowrey, L., Musharrafieh, R., Crossey, K., Larragoite, E.T. & Salinas, I. (2015). Effects of transportation stress and addition of salt to transport water on the skin mucosal homeostasis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 435, 120–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.09.027
- Topal, M., Uslu, G., Topal, A.E.I. & Öbek, E. (2012). Resources and environmental impacts of antibiotics. BEU Journal of Science, 1(2), 137-152.
- Vosylienė, M.Z. & Kazlauskienė, N. (2004). Comparative studies of sublethal effects of ammonia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at different stages of its development. Acta Zoologica Lituanica 14(1), 13-18. DOI: 10.1080/13921657.2004.10512568
- Williams E.M. & Eddy F.B. (1986). Chloride uptake in freshwater teleosts and its relationship to nitrite uptake and toxicity. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 156, 867–872.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology, Zoology |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors |
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| Publication Date | March 15, 2022 |
| Submission Date | September 13, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 39 Issue: 1 |