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Tatlısu Ekosistemlerinde Mikroplastik Kirliliği: Türkiye'den bir örnek çalışma

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 3, 213 - 221, 15.09.2020

Şeyda Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.37.3.02
Cited By: 10

Öz


Mikroplastik kirliliği son yıllarda hızlı bir şekilde artış göstermiştir ve yeni ortaya çıkan tehditlerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ancak mikroplastik kirliliğinin sucul ekosistemlerdeki boyutları henüz tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Az sayıda mevcut olan çalışmanın büyük bir çoğunluğu denizel ekosistemlerde gerçekleştirilmiştir ve tatlı su alanında yapılan çalışma sayısı çok sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye tatlı su ekosistemlerinde mikroplastik kirliliğinin detaylı olarak araştırıldığı ilk çalışmadır. Çalışmada Cevdet Dündar Göleti (Yozgat/Türkiye) yüzey suyundan alınan örneklerinde mikroplastik (<5 mm) kirliliği araştırılmıştır. 5 farklı istasyondan yüzeyden alınan su örnekleri (150 L) yoğunluğa bağlı ayırma yöntemi kullanılarak ayrıştırılmıştır. Partiküller hem görsel olarak hem spektrofotometrik (-Raman) yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. İstasyon ortalamalarına göre gölet suyunun 1m3’ünde ortalama 233 mikroplastik parçacığı bulunmaktadır. Mikroplastik kirliliğinin en fazla gözlemlendiği boyut aralığı 100-250 m (%56) dur. En yaygın gözlemlenen mikroplastik çeşidi ve rengi ise sırası ile fiber (%91) ve mavi (%36) renk olarak tespit edilmiştir. -Raman analiz sonuçlarına göre en yaygın gözlemlenen mikroplastik türevleri ise polipropilen (%50) ve polietilendir (%40). Nispeten insan etkisinin az olduğu çalışma alanında mikroplastik kirliliğinin gözlemlenmesi mikroplastik kirliliğinin varlığını ortaya çıkarmaktadır.



Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikroplastik kirliliği -Raman plastic atık tatlı su gölet

Kaynakça

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Microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems: A case study from Turkey

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 3, 213 - 221, 15.09.2020

Şeyda Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.37.3.02
Cited By: 10

Öz


Microplastic pollution has increased rapidly over recent decades and accepted as an emerging thread. However, the effects and dimensions of microplastic pollution on aquatic ecosystems have not been fully understood yet. Most of these few studies have been carried out in marine ecosystems and the number of studies on freshwater are very limited. This is the first study represents a detailed investigation of microplastic pollution in a freshwater body in Turkey. In this study, microplastic (<5 mm) pollution level of surface water samples taken from Cevdet Pond (Yozgat/Turkey) was investigated. Water samples (150 L) were taken from 5 stations and microplastic particles were extracted via density separation method. Random particles were examined both visually and spectrophotometrically (-Raman). According to station averages, there were 233 microplastic particles in 1 m3 of the pond water. Highest number of MP particles observed in 100-250 m (56%) size class. Most abundant microplastic type and colour are fiber (91%) and blue (36%) respectively. Polypropylene (50%) and polyethylene (40%) were the most abundant type of polymers according to -Raman analysis. The presence of microplastic pollution in an area where human impact is relatively low, indicates the prevalence of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

microplastic pollution -Raman plastic waste freshwater pond

Kaynakça

  • Andrady, A. L. (2011). Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62(8), 1596–1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030
  • Anger, P. M., von der Esch, E., Baumann, T., Elsner, M., Niessner, R., & Ivleva, N. P. (2018). Raman microspectroscopy as a tool for microplastic particle analysis. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 109, 214–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.010
  • Arthur, C., Baker, J., Bamford, H., Zarfl, C., Fleet, D., Fries, E., … A, A.-Z. L. (2009). Proceedings of the International Research Workshop on the Occurrence , Effects , and Fate of Microplastic Marine Debris. Sept 9-11, 2008. (January), 530. https://doi.org/10.1080/1081073029000174
  • Auta, H. S., Emenike, C. U., & Fauziah, S. H. (2017). Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environmentA review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions. Environment International, 102, 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.02.013
  • Avio, C. G., Gorbi, S., Milan, M., Benedetti, M., Fattorini, D., D’Errico, G., … Regoli, F. (2015). Pollutants bioavailability and toxicological risk from microplastics to marine mussels. Environmental Pollution, 198, 211–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.021
  • Ballent, A., Corcoran, P. L., Madden, O., Helm, P. A., & Longstaffe, F. J. (2016). Sources and sinks of microplastics in Canadian Lake Ontario nearshore, tributary and beach sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.037
  • Bergmann, M., Gutow, L., & Klages, M. (2015). Marine anthropogenic litter. Marine Anthropogenic Litter, 1–447. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16510-3
  • Blair, R. M., Waldron, S., Phoenix, V., & Gauchotte-Lindsay, C. (2017). Micro- and Nanoplastic Pollution of Freshwater and Wastewater Treatment Systems. Springer Science Reviews, 5(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40362-017-0044-7
  • Bourrain, X., Scherer, C., Urbatzka, R., Wagner, M., Marti, T., Klasmeier, J., … Rodriguez-Mozaz, S. (2014). Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems: what we know and what we need to know. Environmental Sciences Europe, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-014-0012-7
  • Castañeda, R. A., Avlijas, S., Simard, M. A., Ricciardi, A., & Smith, R. (2014). Microplastic pollution in St. Lawrence River sediments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 71(12), 1767–1771. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0281
  • Corcoran, P. L., Norris, T., Ceccanese, T., Walzak, M. J., Helm, P. A., & Marvin, C. H. (2015). Hidden plastics of Lake Ontario, Canada and their potential preservation in the sediment record. Environmental Pollution, 204, 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.04.009
  • Crespy, D., Bozonnet, M., & Meier, M. (2008). 100 Years of Bakelite, the Material of a 1000 Uses. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 47(18), 3322–3328. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200704281
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  • Devriese, L. I., van der Meulen, M. D., Maes, T., Bekaert, K., Paul-Pont, I., Frère, L., … Vethaak, A. D. (2015). Microplastic contamination in brown shrimp (Crangon crangon, Linnaeus 1758) from coastal waters of the Southern North Sea and Channel area. Marine Pollution Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.06.051
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  • Zhang, K., Xiong, X., Hu, H., Wu, C., Bi, Y., Wu, Y., … Liu, J. (2017). Occurrence and Characteristics of Microplastic Pollution in Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(7), 3794–3801. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b00369
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Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hidrobiyoloji, Çevre Bilimleri, Limnoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Şeyda Erdoğan 0000-0001-7729-7664

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Kasım 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020Cilt: 37 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdoğan, Ş. (2020). Microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems: A case study from Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 37(3), 213-221. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.37.3.02

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