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Potansiyel bisphenol-A ikameleri sucul yaşam için gerçekten güvenli mi? Birincil üreticiler üzerindeki etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 207 - 212, 15.09.2024

Koray Benas , Özlem Çakal Arslan

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.3.05

Abstract

Bisfenol A çevre sağlığı ve insan sağlığı için tehdit oluşturmaktadır ve “Avrupa Kimyasallar Ajansı” tarafından “Çok Yüksek Önem Arz Eden Maddeler” olarak aday listeye eklenmiştir. Bu durum, bisfenol A'nın (BPA) "daha güvenli" olduğu düşünülen bisfenol analogları ile değiştirilmesine yol açmıştır. Bununla birlikte, BPA analoglarının çevre üzerindeki etkisine ilişkin çok az bilimsel çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, birincil üreticileri temsil eden deniz fitoplankton türü Phaeodactylum tricornutum üzerindeki ekotoksikolojik etkilerini araştırmak için üç analog bisfenol B (BPB), bisfenol A diglisidil eter (BADGE) ve bisfenol F diglisidil eter (BFDGE) seçilmiştir. Phaeodactylum tricornutum BPB, BADGE ve BFDGE analoglarının farklı konsantrasyonlarına (0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L) 72 saat boyunca maruz bırakılmış ve üç BPA analoğunun toksisite değerleri OECD 201 alg büyüme inhibisyonu deneyi (IC50/EC50) ile hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, deniz fitoplanktonu Phaeodactylum tricornutum için alg büyüme inhibisyonu (IC50/EC50) değerleri 3.91 mg-BPA/L, 7.83 mg-BPB/L, 5.69 mg-BFDGE/L, 11.71 mg-BADGE/L olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar BPB, BFDGE ve BADGE'nin Phaeodactylum tricornutum için BPA alg büyüme inhibisyonuna (3.91 mg-BPA/L) kıyasla daha düşük toksisite gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle, BPA analoglarının sucul organizmalar üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin sonuçlarının paylaşılması ve ekotoksikolojik risk değerlendirmelerinin yapılması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

Bisfenol analogları deniz fitoplanktonu alg büyüme inhibisyon testi toksisite Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Project Number

TUBITAK, Project no:119Y246

References

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Are potential bisphenol-A substitutes really safe for aquatic life? Impact on primary producers

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 207 - 212, 15.09.2024

Koray Benas , Özlem Çakal Arslan

https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.3.05

Abstract

Bisphenol A threat to environmental health and human health and has been added to the Candidate List as Very High Concern Substances by the European Chemicals Agency. This led to the replacement of bisphenol A (BPA) with bisphenol analogues, which were considered "safer". However, there are very few scientific studies on the impact of BPA analogues on the environment. In this study, three analogues bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were selected to investigate their ecotoxicological effects on the marine phytoplankton species Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which is representative of primary producers. Phaeodactylum tricornutum was exposed to different concentrations (0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L) of BPB, BADGE and BFDGE analogues for 72 hours and the toxicity values of three BPA analogues were calculated by OECD 201 algal growth inhibition assay (IC50/EC50). In the light of the data obtained, algal growth inhibition (IC50/EC50) values for marine phytoplankton Phaeodactylum tricornutum were determined as 3.91 mg-BPA/L, 7.83 mg-BPB/L, 5.69 mg-BFDGE/L, 11.71 mg-BADGE/L. The results revealed that BPB, BFDGE and BADGE showed lower toxicity to Phaeodactylum tricornutum compared to BPA algal growth inhibition (3.91 mg-BPA/L). Therefore, it is necessary to share the results of the adverse effects of BPA analogues on aquatic organisms and to conduct ecotoxicological risk assessments.

Keywords

Bisphenol analogues marine phytoplankton algal growth inhibition test toxicity Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Ethical Statement

No specific ethical approval was necessary for the study.

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK, Project no:119Y246

Project Number

TUBITAK, Project no:119Y246

References

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  • Chen, M.Y., Ike, M., & Fujita, M. (2002). Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol‐A and other bisphenols. Environmental Toxicology: An International Journal, 17(1), 80 86. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10035
  • Coulier, L., Bradley, E.L., Bas, R.C., Verhoeckx, K.C., Driffield, M., Harmer, N., & Castle, L. (2010). Analysis of reaction products of food contaminants and ingredients: Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in canned foods. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(8), 4873-4882. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf904160a
  • Cunha, S.C., Almeida, C., Mendes, E., & Fernandes, J.O. (2011). Simultaneous determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol B in beverages and powdered infant formula by dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction and heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Additives and Contaminants, 28(4), 513-526. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2010.542551
  • Czarny, K., Krawczyk, B., & Szczukocki, D. (2021). Toxic effects of bisphenol A and its analogues on cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis and Microcystis aeruginosa. Chemosphere, 263, 128299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128299
  • Deanin, R.D. (1975). Additives in plastics. Environmental Health Perspectives, 11, 35-39. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.751135
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  • Grumetto, L., Montesano, D., Seccia, S., Albrizio, S., & Barbato, F. (2008). Determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol B residues in canned peeled tomatoes by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(22), 10633-10637. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf802297z
  • Guillard, R.R. (1975). Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates. In Walter L. Smith & Matoira H. Chanley (Ed.), Culture of marine invertebrate animals: Proceedings-1st conference on culture of marine invertebrate animals (pp. 29-60). Springer US.
  • Guo, R., Du, Y., Zheng, F., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Ji, R., & Chen, J. (2017). Bioaccumulation and elimination of bisphenol A (BPA) in the alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa and the potential for trophic transfer to the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Environmental Pollution, 227, 460-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.010
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  • Liu, Y., Guan, Y., Gao, Q., Tam, N.F.Y., & Zhu, W. (2010). Cellular responses, biodegradation and bioaccumulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals in marine diatom Navicula incerta. Chemosphere, 80(5), 592-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.042
  • Liu, J., Zhang, L., Lu, G., Jiang, R., Yan, Z., & Li, Y. (2021). Occurrence, toxicity and ecological risk of bisphenol A analogues in aquatic environment – A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 208, 111481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111481
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There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Management (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Koray Benas 0000-0002-7626-5596

Özlem Çakal Arslan 0000-0001-7777-3886

Project Number TUBITAK, Project no:119Y246
Early Pub Date September 2, 2024
Publication Date September 15, 2024
Submission Date May 29, 2024
Acceptance Date August 26, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 41 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Benas, K., & Çakal Arslan, Ö. (2024). Are potential bisphenol-A substitutes really safe for aquatic life? Impact on primary producers. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41(3), 207-212. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.3.05