Invasive Coptodon (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in southwest Turkey: Species identification using sequence data
Year 2022,
Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 135 - 144, 15.06.2022
Dilara Sarıbaş
,
Nehir Kaymak
,
Özgül Yahyaoğlu
,
Battal Çıplak
Abstract
Nonnative cichlids (Coptodon zillii) have established populations in the Köyceğiz and Koca Lakes, located on the west coasts of Mediterranean Turkey. Conflicting species names in these lakes have been reported for many years. We studied samples from current populations of Coptodon in these lakes and the Pecenek canal concerning existing GenBank data. We estimated the possible ancestral population using sequence data in the mitochondrial D-loop segment. Inter and intra-population morphological variations of Coptodon were examined using 25 morphological and six meristic characters. Haplotype analysis revealed three unique haplotypes in three populations of Coptodon, indicating poor genetic diversity. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian trees showed that these three haplotypes constitute a distinct subclade within the Coptodon zillii clade. This phylogenetic pattern indicates that populations of both lakes were founded by a single invasion of C. zillii and belong to a single species. Consistent with phylogenetic data, the populations of both lakes do not exhibit significant phenotypic divergence, though the Pecenek population is slightly divergent. Intra-population morphological variability may be due to phenotypic plasticity in response to habitat heterogeneity within the lakes.
Supporting Institution
Akdeniz University Research Fund
Project Number
FYL-2020-5417
Thanks
We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Yılmaz Emre, the coordinator of that project, for allowing us to use the Coptodon specimens. We also thank Onur Uluar for his help in the preparation of the phylogenic tree figures.
References
- Akın, S., Buhan, E., Wenemiller, K.O., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Fish assemblage structure of Koycegiz Lagoon Estuary, Turkey: spatial and temporal
distribution patterns in relation to environmental variation. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 64: 671- 684. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.03.019
- Altun, T., Beklevik, G., Kiriş, A., Dikel, S., & Polat, A. (2003). The Effects of different feeding rates on the growth and nutritional composition of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L., 1758). (In Turkish). Turkish Journal of Aquatic Life, 1: 69-74.
- Ayaz, S. (2013). Havza koruma eylem planlarının hazırlanması projesi batı akdeniz havzası nihai raporu. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SYGM/Belgeler/havza%20koruma%20eylem%20planlar%C4%B1/Bati_Akdeniz_web.pdf [15.06.2021].
- Balık, S., Ustaoğlu, M.R., Sarı, H.M., İlhan, A.İ., Topkara, E.T. (2005). Yuvarlakçay (Köyceğiz, Muğla)’ın balık faunası. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 22 (1-2). 221-223.
- Boussou, C.K., Konan, F.K., Edia, O.E., Ouattara, M., Bony, Y.K., Ouattara, A., & Gourene, G. (2010). Morphometric analysis of populations of Chromidotilapia guntheri (Sauvage, 1882) (Cichlidae, perciformes) in four coastal rivers of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). Pan–American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 5: 387–400. DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2010013
- Chavarie, L., Howland, K., Harris, L., & Tonn, W. (2015). Polymorphism in lake trout in Great Bear Lake: Intra-lake morphological diversification at two spatial scales. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 114 (1): 109–125. DOI:10.1111/bij.12398
- Colihueque, N., Estay, F.J., Crespo, J.E., Arriagada, A., Baessolo, L., Canales-Aguirre, C.B., Marín, J., & Carrasco, R. (2019). Genetic differentiation and origin of naturalized rainbow trout populations from southern Chile, revealed by the mtDNA control region marker. Frontiers in genetics, 10, 1212. DOI:10.3389/fgene.2019.01212
- Çalıskan, M., & Yerli, S.V. (1999). Organochlorine pesticide residues in aquatic organisms from Köycegiz Lagoon system, Turkey. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 121: 1–9. DOI:10.1023/A:1005270618255
- Çiçek, E., Sungur, S., & Fricke, R. (2020). Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Turkey; a revised and updated annotated checklist 2020. Zootaxa, 4809 (2): 241–270. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4809.2.2
- Çiçek, E. (2021). Türkiye’deki egzotik tilapya türlerinin mevcut durumu. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38: (1), 111-116. DOI:10.12714/egejfas.38.1.14
- Çiçek, E., Eagderi, S., & Sungur, S. (2022). A review of the alien fishes of Turkish inland waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 46: 1-13. DOI:10.3906/zoo-2109-13
- Çoban, G. (2018). Köyceğiz Gölü’ndeki istilacı balık türü Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848)’nin yaşam döngüsü özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Msc Thesis, Düzce University, Düzce, 79p.
- Dunz, A.R., & Schliewen, U.K. (2013). Molecular phylogeny and revised haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68, 64–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015
- Ekmekçi, F.G., Kırankaya, Ş.G., Gençoğlu, L., & Yoğurtçuoğlu, B. (2013). Türkiye içsularındaki istilacı balıkların güncel durumu ve istilanın etkileri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 28: 105-140.
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- Felsenstein, J. (1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39, 783-791.
DOI:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x
- Freeman, S., & Herron, J. C. (2007). Evolutionary Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall, 834 pp.
- Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (2019). FishBase. World wide web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org.
- Gu, D.E., Mu, X.D., Xu, M., Luo, D.Q., Wei, H., Li, Y.Y., Zhu, Y., Luo, J.R., & Hu, Y. (2016). Identification of wild tilapia species in the main rivers of south China using mitochondrial control region sequence and morphology. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 65:100e107. DOI:10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.007
- Innal, D., & Erk’akan, F. (2006). Effects of exotic and translocated fish species in the inland waters of Turkey. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 16, 39–50. DOI:10.1007/s11160-006-9005-y
- Innal, D., & Sungur, S. (2019). First record of non-indigenous fish Hemichromis letourneuxi (Cichlidae) from Pınarbaşı Creek (Burdur, Turkey). Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10 (1): 90-94. DOI:10.29048/makufebed.562523
- Jawad, L.A., Habbeb, F. S., & Al-Mukhtar, M. A. (2018). Morphometric and meristic characters of two cichlids, Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus collected from Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. International Journal of Marine Science, 8(2): 12-24. DOI:10.5376/ijms.2018.08.0002
- Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J., & Yamada, K.D. (2019). MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice, and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 20:1160-1166. DOI:10.1093/bib/bbx108
- Keskin, E., Tarkan, A.S., & Atar, H.H. (2018). Türkiye için mevcut ve potansiyel yabancı tatlısu balıklarına yönelik ulusal izleme ve erken uyarı sisteminin oluşturulması: hedef türlerin geleneksel ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak tespiti, risk analizlerinin yapılması ve web tabanlı veri tabanı oluşturulması. (Report No: 115Y181), Ankara.
- Kide, N.G. Dunz, A., Agnèse, J.F., Dilyte, J., Pariselle, A., Carneiro, C., Correia, E., Brito, J.C., Yarba, L.O., Kone, J.Y., & Durand,,D. (2016). Cichlids of the Banc d'Arguin National Park, Mauritania: insight into the diversity of the genus Coptodon. Journal of fish Biology, 88(4): 1369-1393. DOI:10.1111/jfb.12899
- Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C., & Tamura, K. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular biology and evolution, 35(6), 1547.
- Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Ho, S.Y.W., & Guindon, S. (2012). PartitionFinder: Combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 29, 1695–1701. DOI:10.1093/molbev/mss020
- Librado, P., & Rozas, J. (2009). DNASP V5: A Software for Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Polymorphism Data. Bioinfromatics, 25, 1451-1452. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp187
- Linders, T.E.W., Schaffner, U., Eschen, R., Abebe, A., Choge, S.K., Nigatu, L. Mbaabu, P.R., Shiferaw, H., & Allan, E., (2019) Direct and indirect effects of invasive species: biodiversity loss is a major mechanism by which an invasive tree affects ecosystem functioning. Journal of Ecology, 107: 2660–2672. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13268
- Moran, C.J., Ward, D.L., & Gibb, A.C. (2018). Key morphological features favor the success of nonnative fish species under reduced turbidity conditions in the lower Colorado River Basin. American Fisheries Society, 147:5. DOI: 10.1002/tafs.10079
- Nagl, S., Tichy, H., Mayer, W.E., Samonte, I.E., McAndrew, B.J., Klein, J. (2001). Classification and phylogenetic relationships of African Tilapiine fishes inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 20: 3, 361–374. DOI :10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
- Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., Xie, D., Baele, G., & Suchard, M.A. (2018). Posterior summarization in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic biology, 67(5), 901-904. DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syy032
- Ronquist, F., & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003). MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19, 1572-1574.
DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180
- Solem, Ø., Berg, O.K., & Kjøsnes, A.J. (2006). Inter- and intra-population morphological differences between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon juveniles. Journal of Fish Biology, 69: 1466-1481. DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01208.x
- Szitenberg, A., Goren, M., & Huchon, D. (2012). Mitochondrial and morphological variation of Tilapia zillii in Israel. BMC Research Notes, 5:172. DOI:10.1186/1756-0500-5-172
- Stamatakis, A. (2014). RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies, Bioinformatics, 30 (9): 1312–1313. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
- Tarkan, A., & Marr, S. (2015). Non-native and translocated freshwater fish species in Turkey. Fishmed Fishes in Mediterranean Environments, 003: 28p. DOI: 10.29094/FiSHMED.2015.003
- Teugels, G.G., & Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. (2003). Cichlidae. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy, & G.G. Teugels (Eds), The Fresh and Brackish Water Fishes of West Africa (pp. 521–600), Paris: IRD and MNHN; Tervuren: MRAC.
- Turan, C., Oral, M., Öztürk, B., & Düzgüneş, E. (2006). Morphometric and meristic variation between stocks of bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix in the Black Marmara Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean Seas. Fisheries Research, 139–147. DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2006.01.015
- Yılmaz, F. (2006). The comparison of heavy metal concentrations (cd, cu, mn, pb, and zn) in tissues of three economically important fish (Anguilla anguilla, Mugil cephalus and Oreochromis niloticus) inhabiting Koycegiz Lake-Mugla (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Science & Technology, 4 (1): 7-15.
Türkiye'nin güneybatısındaki istilacı Coptodon (Perciformes: Cichlidae): Dizi verileri kullanılarak tür tanımlaması
Year 2022,
Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 135 - 144, 15.06.2022
Dilara Sarıbaş
,
Nehir Kaymak
,
Özgül Yahyaoğlu
,
Battal Çıplak
Abstract
Egzotik bir tür olarak tilapyalar (Coptodon zillii) Akdeniz'in batı kıyılarında bulunan Köyceğiz ve Koca Göllerinde populasyonlar oluşturmuşlardır. Bu göllerde bu familyaya ait farklı tür isimleri uzun yıllardır rapor edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada mevcut GenBank verileri referans alınarak her iki gölde ve Peçenek kanalında mevcut populasyonlar oluşturan Coptodon örnekleri incelenmiştir. Mitokondriyal D-loop segmentinin dizi verilerini kullanarak olası atasal populasyon tahmin edilmiştir. Ayrıca populasyonlar arası ve populasyon içi morfolojik varyasyonu, 25 morfolojik ve altı meristik karakter kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Haplotip analizi sonuçları, üç Coptodon populasyonunda, zayıf bir genetik çeşitliliği göstermiş ve üç benzersiz haplotip ortaya çıkarmıştır. Hem maksimum olabilirlik hem de Bayesian ağaçları, bu üç haplotipin Coptodon zillii kladında ayrı bir alt klad oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. Bu filogenetik model, her iki gölün populasyonlarının da C. zillii türüne ait olduğunu ve bölgede tek bir türün alanı istila ettiğini ortaya koymuştur. Filogenetik verilerle tutarlı olarak, her iki gölün populasyonları arasında, Peçenek populasyonu biraz farklı olsa da, önemli fenotipik varyasyon göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Populasyon içi morfolojik farklılıklar, göllerdeki habitat heterojenliğine tepki olarak fenotipik esneklikten kaynaklandığı ileri sürülebilir.
Project Number
FYL-2020-5417
References
- Akın, S., Buhan, E., Wenemiller, K.O., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Fish assemblage structure of Koycegiz Lagoon Estuary, Turkey: spatial and temporal
distribution patterns in relation to environmental variation. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 64: 671- 684. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.03.019
- Altun, T., Beklevik, G., Kiriş, A., Dikel, S., & Polat, A. (2003). The Effects of different feeding rates on the growth and nutritional composition of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L., 1758). (In Turkish). Turkish Journal of Aquatic Life, 1: 69-74.
- Ayaz, S. (2013). Havza koruma eylem planlarının hazırlanması projesi batı akdeniz havzası nihai raporu. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SYGM/Belgeler/havza%20koruma%20eylem%20planlar%C4%B1/Bati_Akdeniz_web.pdf [15.06.2021].
- Balık, S., Ustaoğlu, M.R., Sarı, H.M., İlhan, A.İ., Topkara, E.T. (2005). Yuvarlakçay (Köyceğiz, Muğla)’ın balık faunası. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 22 (1-2). 221-223.
- Boussou, C.K., Konan, F.K., Edia, O.E., Ouattara, M., Bony, Y.K., Ouattara, A., & Gourene, G. (2010). Morphometric analysis of populations of Chromidotilapia guntheri (Sauvage, 1882) (Cichlidae, perciformes) in four coastal rivers of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). Pan–American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 5: 387–400. DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2010013
- Chavarie, L., Howland, K., Harris, L., & Tonn, W. (2015). Polymorphism in lake trout in Great Bear Lake: Intra-lake morphological diversification at two spatial scales. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 114 (1): 109–125. DOI:10.1111/bij.12398
- Colihueque, N., Estay, F.J., Crespo, J.E., Arriagada, A., Baessolo, L., Canales-Aguirre, C.B., Marín, J., & Carrasco, R. (2019). Genetic differentiation and origin of naturalized rainbow trout populations from southern Chile, revealed by the mtDNA control region marker. Frontiers in genetics, 10, 1212. DOI:10.3389/fgene.2019.01212
- Çalıskan, M., & Yerli, S.V. (1999). Organochlorine pesticide residues in aquatic organisms from Köycegiz Lagoon system, Turkey. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 121: 1–9. DOI:10.1023/A:1005270618255
- Çiçek, E., Sungur, S., & Fricke, R. (2020). Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Turkey; a revised and updated annotated checklist 2020. Zootaxa, 4809 (2): 241–270. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4809.2.2
- Çiçek, E. (2021). Türkiye’deki egzotik tilapya türlerinin mevcut durumu. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38: (1), 111-116. DOI:10.12714/egejfas.38.1.14
- Çiçek, E., Eagderi, S., & Sungur, S. (2022). A review of the alien fishes of Turkish inland waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 46: 1-13. DOI:10.3906/zoo-2109-13
- Çoban, G. (2018). Köyceğiz Gölü’ndeki istilacı balık türü Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848)’nin yaşam döngüsü özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Msc Thesis, Düzce University, Düzce, 79p.
- Dunz, A.R., & Schliewen, U.K. (2013). Molecular phylogeny and revised haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68, 64–80. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.015
- Ekmekçi, F.G., Kırankaya, Ş.G., Gençoğlu, L., & Yoğurtçuoğlu, B. (2013). Türkiye içsularındaki istilacı balıkların güncel durumu ve istilanın etkileri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 28: 105-140.
- Elliott, N.G., Haskard K., & Koslow, J.A. (1995). Morphometric analysis of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) off the continental slope of southern Australia. Journal of Fish Biology, 46: 202-220. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05962.x
- Et, A., Akaahan, T.J, & Akogwu, S.A. (2017). Variation in the morphometry measurements of two tilapia fish species in relation to their body weight obtained from Lower Benue River at Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria. Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal, 8: 208.DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000208
- Felsenstein, J. (1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39, 783-791.
DOI:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x
- Freeman, S., & Herron, J. C. (2007). Evolutionary Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall, 834 pp.
- Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (2019). FishBase. World wide web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org.
- Gu, D.E., Mu, X.D., Xu, M., Luo, D.Q., Wei, H., Li, Y.Y., Zhu, Y., Luo, J.R., & Hu, Y. (2016). Identification of wild tilapia species in the main rivers of south China using mitochondrial control region sequence and morphology. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 65:100e107. DOI:10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.007
- Innal, D., & Erk’akan, F. (2006). Effects of exotic and translocated fish species in the inland waters of Turkey. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 16, 39–50. DOI:10.1007/s11160-006-9005-y
- Innal, D., & Sungur, S. (2019). First record of non-indigenous fish Hemichromis letourneuxi (Cichlidae) from Pınarbaşı Creek (Burdur, Turkey). Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10 (1): 90-94. DOI:10.29048/makufebed.562523
- Jawad, L.A., Habbeb, F. S., & Al-Mukhtar, M. A. (2018). Morphometric and meristic characters of two cichlids, Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus collected from Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. International Journal of Marine Science, 8(2): 12-24. DOI:10.5376/ijms.2018.08.0002
- Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J., & Yamada, K.D. (2019). MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice, and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 20:1160-1166. DOI:10.1093/bib/bbx108
- Keskin, E., Tarkan, A.S., & Atar, H.H. (2018). Türkiye için mevcut ve potansiyel yabancı tatlısu balıklarına yönelik ulusal izleme ve erken uyarı sisteminin oluşturulması: hedef türlerin geleneksel ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak tespiti, risk analizlerinin yapılması ve web tabanlı veri tabanı oluşturulması. (Report No: 115Y181), Ankara.
- Kide, N.G. Dunz, A., Agnèse, J.F., Dilyte, J., Pariselle, A., Carneiro, C., Correia, E., Brito, J.C., Yarba, L.O., Kone, J.Y., & Durand,,D. (2016). Cichlids of the Banc d'Arguin National Park, Mauritania: insight into the diversity of the genus Coptodon. Journal of fish Biology, 88(4): 1369-1393. DOI:10.1111/jfb.12899
- Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C., & Tamura, K. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular biology and evolution, 35(6), 1547.
- Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Ho, S.Y.W., & Guindon, S. (2012). PartitionFinder: Combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 29, 1695–1701. DOI:10.1093/molbev/mss020
- Librado, P., & Rozas, J. (2009). DNASP V5: A Software for Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Polymorphism Data. Bioinfromatics, 25, 1451-1452. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp187
- Linders, T.E.W., Schaffner, U., Eschen, R., Abebe, A., Choge, S.K., Nigatu, L. Mbaabu, P.R., Shiferaw, H., & Allan, E., (2019) Direct and indirect effects of invasive species: biodiversity loss is a major mechanism by which an invasive tree affects ecosystem functioning. Journal of Ecology, 107: 2660–2672. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13268
- Moran, C.J., Ward, D.L., & Gibb, A.C. (2018). Key morphological features favor the success of nonnative fish species under reduced turbidity conditions in the lower Colorado River Basin. American Fisheries Society, 147:5. DOI: 10.1002/tafs.10079
- Nagl, S., Tichy, H., Mayer, W.E., Samonte, I.E., McAndrew, B.J., Klein, J. (2001). Classification and phylogenetic relationships of African Tilapiine fishes inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 20: 3, 361–374. DOI :10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
- Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., Xie, D., Baele, G., & Suchard, M.A. (2018). Posterior summarization in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic biology, 67(5), 901-904. DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syy032
- Ronquist, F., & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003). MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19, 1572-1574.
DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180
- Solem, Ø., Berg, O.K., & Kjøsnes, A.J. (2006). Inter- and intra-population morphological differences between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon juveniles. Journal of Fish Biology, 69: 1466-1481. DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01208.x
- Szitenberg, A., Goren, M., & Huchon, D. (2012). Mitochondrial and morphological variation of Tilapia zillii in Israel. BMC Research Notes, 5:172. DOI:10.1186/1756-0500-5-172
- Stamatakis, A. (2014). RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies, Bioinformatics, 30 (9): 1312–1313. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
- Tarkan, A., & Marr, S. (2015). Non-native and translocated freshwater fish species in Turkey. Fishmed Fishes in Mediterranean Environments, 003: 28p. DOI: 10.29094/FiSHMED.2015.003
- Teugels, G.G., & Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. (2003). Cichlidae. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy, & G.G. Teugels (Eds), The Fresh and Brackish Water Fishes of West Africa (pp. 521–600), Paris: IRD and MNHN; Tervuren: MRAC.
- Turan, C., Oral, M., Öztürk, B., & Düzgüneş, E. (2006). Morphometric and meristic variation between stocks of bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix in the Black Marmara Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean Seas. Fisheries Research, 139–147. DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2006.01.015
- Yılmaz, F. (2006). The comparison of heavy metal concentrations (cd, cu, mn, pb, and zn) in tissues of three economically important fish (Anguilla anguilla, Mugil cephalus and Oreochromis niloticus) inhabiting Koycegiz Lake-Mugla (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Science & Technology, 4 (1): 7-15.