Adaptation of European Eel (Anguilla anguilla L., 1758) elvers to artificial feeding and growth rates during eight months.
Abstract
This research was carried out under
controlled condition during the period of 12 May 1990-12 January 1991. Elvers
used in this experiment were collected from Özlen Stream, Fethiye (Karadere)
between 5-7 May 1990. The experiment was duplicated in a tank and an aquarium;
and performed in eight periods of which each lasted 30 days.Elvers with initial
weight of 0.360-0.364 g were adaptated to live feed (Tubifex sp. and Lumbricus
sp.); this adaptation lasted about one mounth. Daily amount of feed, which was
about 30% of individual body weight, was given in two separate meals. After
completely adaptated to feeding, the elvers were fed on formulated food, which amounted
to 6% of the body weight; at the end of 246 days of experiment, total 118
(20.45%) dead among elvers were observed. At the end of the experiment, food
conversion rate, spesific growth rate, growth rate and wet weight increase were
calculated as 1.769- 1.775, 1.597-1.672%, 0.016-0.017% per day and 1.364-1.600
respectively; and according to these results, individual body weight was
calculated as 25.650; 22.750;24.800 and 26.400 for Aquarium (1), Aquarium (2),
Tank (1) and Tank (2) respectively. Eel has not been culturing in Turkey yet.
This research showed that eel could be an alternative to the species already
cultured in Turkey; especially the Mediterrenean coast would be very convenient
location for eel culture.
References
- Anonymous (1988) Fish farming and agriculture in The Netherlands. Symposium on Agriculture and Fish Farming. 10-13 May 1988. 4 pp.
- Bardach, J.E.; Ryther, J.H.; McLarney, W.O. (1972) Culture of true eels (Anguilla spp.) p. 385-395. In Aquaculture the farming and husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms. John Wiley and Sons. Brusle, J. (1990) Eels and eel farming. Aquaculture. Vol. 2 Ed. by G. Barnabe. Ellis Horwood Ltd. 756-785 pp.
- Chai-Kuang, T. (1989) Eel culture and management. Proceedings of the People’s Republic of China Aquaculture and Feed Workshop. September 17-30, 1989. Ed. by M. Akiyama. 92-132.
- Chen, L. (1990) Eel culture. Aquaculture in Taiwan. Fishing News Books. 69-70 pp.
- Çolak, A. (1978) Adaptation to food and feeding possibilities of eel (Anguilla vulcaris) Larvae. Fac. Vet. Med. Univ. Fırat Publications: 15, Doctorate Thesis: 6, 22 s. (in Turkish).
- Deelder, C.L. (1984) Synopsis of biological data on the eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758). FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 80, Rev. 1, 73 pp.
- Degani, G. (1986) Dietary effects of lipid source, lipid level and temperature on growth of glass eel (Anguilla anguilla). Aquaculture, 56, 207-214.
- Degani, G.; Levanon, D. (1984) Influence of shapes of indoor and outdoor containers on adaptation to artificial food, growth and survival of elvers. Prog. Fish Cult., 46,191-194.
- Erençin, Z. (1974) Eel culture, (in Turkish). University of Ankara Vet. Fac. Halk Yayınları. No. 4, 6 s.
- Erkoyuncu, İ. (1985) The effects of the different stocking densities on the growth and the food conversion ratio of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica T. et S.) and on the water quality under still-water condition, (in Turkish). Doğa Vet. and Anim. Sci. Journal 9, 1, 77-88.
- Forrest, D.M. (1976) Eel culture. Eel capture, culture, processing and marketing. Fishing News Books Ltd. Gt. Britain 45-67 pp.
- Gonçalves, J.F.; Santos, S.; Pereira, V.S.; Baptista, I.; Coimbra, J. (1989) The use of fish silage as an ingredient for eel fingerling nutrition. Aquaculture, 80, 135-146.
- Gousset, B. (1990) European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) farming technologies in Europe and in Japan: Application of a comparative analysis. Aquaculture 87, 209-235.
- Güven, E. (1975) Eel culture, (in Turkish). Balık ve Balıkçılık. 23, 6, 13-22.
- Güven, E.; Çolak, S.; Çolak, A. (2001) Eel and its culture, (in Turkish). Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Bodrum Su Ürünleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, Seri A, No. 13, ISBN: 975-407-066-0, 223 pp.
- Huet, M. (1974) Cultivation of eels p. 217- 221. In Textbook of fish culture. Fishing News Books.
- Ikenoue, H.; Kafuku, T. (1992) Eel (Anguilla japonica) 274 p. In Modern methods of aquaculture in Japan. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science, Vol. 24. Second Edition. ISBN 0-444-98665-0.
- Jellyman, D.J.; Ryan, C.M. (1983) Seasonal migration of elvers (Anguilla spp.) into Lake Pounui, New Zealand, (1974-1978) New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 17, 1-15.
- Kartal, M. (1998) Tests of hypothes, parametrical and nonparametrical hypothes techniques in scientific researches, (in Turkish). Şafak Yayınevi, 2nd ed., ISBN 975-8238-03-5, 66-90.
- Koops, H.; Kuhlmann, H. (1976) Preliminary note on growth of the European eel in a brackish thermal effluent. ICES/EIFAC Symp. On Eel Research and Management, No. 11, 13 pp.
- Matsui, I. (1993) Seedfish, Elvers, p. 21-53 In theory and practice of eel culture. Chapter 5, A.A. Balkemo, Rotterdam. ISBN 90 6191 036 6.
- Pillay, T.V.R. (1990) Eels, p. 351-359. In Aquaculture Principles and Practices.
- Shepherd, J.C.; Bromage, R. (1988) Farming systems and husbandry practice, p. 96-102. In Intensive Fish Farming.
- Şener, E.; Şenel, H. (1987) The possibilities of replacement of crayfish meal as a protein source instead of fish meal in the Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri R.) rations. (in Turkish). Univ. Istanbul Journal of Aquatic Products, 1, 1, 77-94.
- Tesch, F.W. (1977) The eel, biology and management of anguillid eels. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London. ISBN 0 412 14370 4, 434 pp.
- Timur, M. (1982) Studies on the effects of different diets on the growth and histopathology of the eel (Anguilla anguilla LINNAEUS, 1758). (in Turkish). Fac. Vet. Med. Univ. Ankara 29, 1-2, 92-110.
- Tomiyama, T.; Hibiya, T. (1977) Capturing glass eels, 22-43 pp. In Fisheries in JapanEel. Japan Marine Photo Materials Association, Tokyo.
- Usui, A. (1991) How to catch elvers, 79-82 pp. In Eel Culture. Fishing News Books, Surrey, ISBN 0852381824, Fishing News Books.
Avrupa Yılanbalığı (Anguilla anguilla L., 1758) Elverlerinin Yapay Beslemeye Alıştırılması ve Sekiz Aylık Büyüme Oranları.
Abstract
Bu araştırma, 12 Mayıs 1990-12 Ocak
1991 tarihleri arasında Fethiye (Karadere) Özlen Çayı’ndan 5-7 Mayıs 1990
tarihlerinde yakalanan 587 adet cam yılanbalığı (elver) ile kontrollü
koşullarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada tank ve akvaryum olmak üzere iki
farklı ortamda iki paralelli ve her biri 30’ar gün olmak üzere toplam sekiz periyotta
yapılmıştır. Başlangıç ağırlıkları 0.360-0.364 gr arasında değişen elverler,
ilk önce canlı yemle (Tubifex sp. ve Lumbricus sp.) yeme alıştırılmış, yeme
alışma süresi yaklaşık bir ay sürmüştür. Günlük canlı yem miktarı, vücut
ağırlıklarının %30’u kadar olup iki öğünde verilmiştir. Tamamen yeme alıştıktan
sonra günlük vücut ağırlıklarının %6’sı kadar yapay yemle beslenmeye geçilmiş,
246 günlük çalışma sonunda toplam 118 adet (% 20.45) ölüm görülmüştür.
Araştırma sonunda 1.769-1.775 arasında değişen yem değerlendirme sayısı,
spesifik büyüme oranı (%) 1.597-1.672; büyüme hızı (%/gün) 0.016-0.017 ve canlı
ağırlık artışı (%) 1.364-1.600 olarak hesaplanmış olup bu değerlere göre
araştırma sonunda bireysel vücut ağırlıkları Akvaryum (1) 25.650; Akvaryum (2)
22.750; Tank (1) 24.80 ve Tank (2) 26.400 gr olarak saptanmıştır. Bugüne kadar
ülkemizde yetiştiriciliği yapılmayan yılanbalığının, yetiştiriciliği yapılan
diğer türlere alternatif olarak gösterilebileceği ve özellikle Akdeniz
sahillerinin bu amaca çok uygun olduğu kanısındayız.
References
- Anonymous (1988) Fish farming and agriculture in The Netherlands. Symposium on Agriculture and Fish Farming. 10-13 May 1988. 4 pp.
- Bardach, J.E.; Ryther, J.H.; McLarney, W.O. (1972) Culture of true eels (Anguilla spp.) p. 385-395. In Aquaculture the farming and husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms. John Wiley and Sons. Brusle, J. (1990) Eels and eel farming. Aquaculture. Vol. 2 Ed. by G. Barnabe. Ellis Horwood Ltd. 756-785 pp.
- Chai-Kuang, T. (1989) Eel culture and management. Proceedings of the People’s Republic of China Aquaculture and Feed Workshop. September 17-30, 1989. Ed. by M. Akiyama. 92-132.
- Chen, L. (1990) Eel culture. Aquaculture in Taiwan. Fishing News Books. 69-70 pp.
- Çolak, A. (1978) Adaptation to food and feeding possibilities of eel (Anguilla vulcaris) Larvae. Fac. Vet. Med. Univ. Fırat Publications: 15, Doctorate Thesis: 6, 22 s. (in Turkish).
- Deelder, C.L. (1984) Synopsis of biological data on the eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758). FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 80, Rev. 1, 73 pp.
- Degani, G. (1986) Dietary effects of lipid source, lipid level and temperature on growth of glass eel (Anguilla anguilla). Aquaculture, 56, 207-214.
- Degani, G.; Levanon, D. (1984) Influence of shapes of indoor and outdoor containers on adaptation to artificial food, growth and survival of elvers. Prog. Fish Cult., 46,191-194.
- Erençin, Z. (1974) Eel culture, (in Turkish). University of Ankara Vet. Fac. Halk Yayınları. No. 4, 6 s.
- Erkoyuncu, İ. (1985) The effects of the different stocking densities on the growth and the food conversion ratio of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica T. et S.) and on the water quality under still-water condition, (in Turkish). Doğa Vet. and Anim. Sci. Journal 9, 1, 77-88.
- Forrest, D.M. (1976) Eel culture. Eel capture, culture, processing and marketing. Fishing News Books Ltd. Gt. Britain 45-67 pp.
- Gonçalves, J.F.; Santos, S.; Pereira, V.S.; Baptista, I.; Coimbra, J. (1989) The use of fish silage as an ingredient for eel fingerling nutrition. Aquaculture, 80, 135-146.
- Gousset, B. (1990) European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) farming technologies in Europe and in Japan: Application of a comparative analysis. Aquaculture 87, 209-235.
- Güven, E. (1975) Eel culture, (in Turkish). Balık ve Balıkçılık. 23, 6, 13-22.
- Güven, E.; Çolak, S.; Çolak, A. (2001) Eel and its culture, (in Turkish). Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Bodrum Su Ürünleri Araştırma Enstitüsü, Seri A, No. 13, ISBN: 975-407-066-0, 223 pp.
- Huet, M. (1974) Cultivation of eels p. 217- 221. In Textbook of fish culture. Fishing News Books.
- Ikenoue, H.; Kafuku, T. (1992) Eel (Anguilla japonica) 274 p. In Modern methods of aquaculture in Japan. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science, Vol. 24. Second Edition. ISBN 0-444-98665-0.
- Jellyman, D.J.; Ryan, C.M. (1983) Seasonal migration of elvers (Anguilla spp.) into Lake Pounui, New Zealand, (1974-1978) New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 17, 1-15.
- Kartal, M. (1998) Tests of hypothes, parametrical and nonparametrical hypothes techniques in scientific researches, (in Turkish). Şafak Yayınevi, 2nd ed., ISBN 975-8238-03-5, 66-90.
- Koops, H.; Kuhlmann, H. (1976) Preliminary note on growth of the European eel in a brackish thermal effluent. ICES/EIFAC Symp. On Eel Research and Management, No. 11, 13 pp.
- Matsui, I. (1993) Seedfish, Elvers, p. 21-53 In theory and practice of eel culture. Chapter 5, A.A. Balkemo, Rotterdam. ISBN 90 6191 036 6.
- Pillay, T.V.R. (1990) Eels, p. 351-359. In Aquaculture Principles and Practices.
- Shepherd, J.C.; Bromage, R. (1988) Farming systems and husbandry practice, p. 96-102. In Intensive Fish Farming.
- Şener, E.; Şenel, H. (1987) The possibilities of replacement of crayfish meal as a protein source instead of fish meal in the Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri R.) rations. (in Turkish). Univ. Istanbul Journal of Aquatic Products, 1, 1, 77-94.
- Tesch, F.W. (1977) The eel, biology and management of anguillid eels. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London. ISBN 0 412 14370 4, 434 pp.
- Timur, M. (1982) Studies on the effects of different diets on the growth and histopathology of the eel (Anguilla anguilla LINNAEUS, 1758). (in Turkish). Fac. Vet. Med. Univ. Ankara 29, 1-2, 92-110.
- Tomiyama, T.; Hibiya, T. (1977) Capturing glass eels, 22-43 pp. In Fisheries in JapanEel. Japan Marine Photo Materials Association, Tokyo.
- Usui, A. (1991) How to catch elvers, 79-82 pp. In Eel Culture. Fishing News Books, Surrey, ISBN 0852381824, Fishing News Books.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 15, 2002 |
| Submission Date | September 16, 2001 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2002Volume: 19 Issue: 3 |