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Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Forage Yield and Quality of Soybean Cultivars Grown as Second Crops

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 571 - 580, 31.12.2023

Şeyda Zorer Çelebi Ahmet Korhan Şahar

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1265629

Öz

In this study, the effect of three different harvesting stages [full bloom stage (R2), full pod stage (R4), and full seed stage (R6)] on forage yield and quality of three soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars (Adasoy, Derry and Yeşilsoy) were evaluated under Mediterranean climate conditions in Adana, Türkiye in second crop seasons. Plant height, green herbage yield, dry matter yield, crude protein (CP), crude protein yield (CPY), leaf and stem ratio, dry matter intake (DMI), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), digestible dry matter (DDM) and relative feed value (RFV) were determined. The results showed that the average plant height of three soybean cultivars was 106.5-203.5 cm and green herbage yield was 190 42-603 50 kg ha-1. The highest values were obtained from cv. Derry at R4 and R6 harvest stages. In both years, the highest CPY values were determined from the R6 harvest stages. Obtained ADF, NDF, DMI, DDM, and RFV values were found to be between 32.8-47.1%, 41.1-59.3%, 2.0-3.6%, 52.1-63.3%, 83.0-180.2%, respectively, and the best results were obtained from the R6 harvest stage of cv. Yeşilsoy. According to these results, in second crop conditions, while cv. Derry came to the fore of soybean yield, cv. Yeşilsoy stands out in terms of quality. As a result, it is thought that it is appropriate to harvest soybean in the R6 harvest period, the use of soybean as a green herbage should be expanded and its addition to feed rations can provide positive contributions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Soybean harvest stage , Yield Soybean cultivars, Forage quality

Destekleyen Kurum

Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Kontrol Birimi, TAGEM

Proje Numarası

2015-FBE-D031, 15/A03/P01/014

Teşekkür

This study was produced from a part of the doctoral thesis.The authors thank for the financial support of the Van Yuzuncu Yil University Scientific Research Projects Support Unit and TAGEM/TBAD (Project number:15/A03/P01/014), (Project number: 2015-FBE-D031).

Kaynakça

  • Acikgoz, E. (2001). Forage Crops (3rd Ed.). Uludag University, Strengthening Foundation Publication, Number: 182, Bursa.
  • Acikgoz, E., Sincik, M., Wietgrefe, G., Sürmen, M., Çeçen, S., Yavuz, T., Erdurmuş, C., & Göksoy, A. T. (2013). Dry matter accumulation and forage quality characteristics of different soybean genotypes. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1204-58
  • Acikgoz, E., Sincik, M., Oz, M., Albayrak, S., Wietgrefe, G., Turan, Z. M., Goksoy, A. T., Bilgili, U., Karasu, A., Tongel, O., & Canbolat, O. (2007). Forage soybean performance in mediterranean environments. Field Crops Research, 103(3), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FCR.2007.06.006
  • Allen, M. S. (1996). Physical constraints on voluntary intake of forages by ruminants. Journal of Animal Science, 74(12), 3063–3075.
  • Anderson, E. J., Ali, M. L., Beavis, W. D., Chen, P., Clemente, T. E., Diers, B. W., Graef, G. L., Grassini, P., Hyten, D. L., McHale, L. K., Nelson, R. L., Parrott, W. A., Patil, G. B., Stupar, R. M., & Tilmon, K. J. (2019). Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding: History, improvement, production and future opportunities. Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes, 7, 431–516. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_12/COVER
  • Anonymous. (2016a). Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Variety Catalog, http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/cukurovataem. Access date: 22.05.2016).
  • Anonymous. (2016b). Automatic Meteorology Observation Station Adana Province climate data for many years. www.omgi.mgm.gov.tr. Access date: 21.06.2016.
  • AOAC, 1990. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Method of Analysis. 15th.ed. Washington DC, USA. 66-88.
  • Baath, G. S., Northup, B. K., Rocateli, A. C., Gowda, P. H., & Neel, J. P. S. (2018). Forage Potential of Summer Annual Grain Legumes in the Southern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 110(6), 2198–2210. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ2017.12.0726
  • Ball, D. M., & Hoveland, C. S. (1996). Lacefield, and GD,‘Forage Quality. Southern Forages’, Potash & Phosphate Institute and Foundation for Agronomic Research, Norcross, GA, 124–132.
  • Cirak, C. & Esendal, E., (2005). Plant growth stages of soybean. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20(2):57-65
  • Garcia, A. (2006). Alternative Forages for Dairy Cattle: Soybeans and Sunflowers. SDSU Extension Extra Archives. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_extra/121
  • Henchion, M., Hayes, M., Mullen, A. M., Fenelon, M., & Tiwari, B. (2017). Future Protein Supply and Demand: Strategies and Factors Influencing a Sustainable Equilibrium. Foods 2017, Vol. 6, Page 53, 6(7), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/FOODS6070053
  • Hintz, R. W., Albrecht, K. A., & Oplinger, E. S. (1992). Yield and Quality of Soybean Forage as Affected by Cultivar and Management Practices. Agronomy Journal, 84(5), 795–798. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1992.00021962008400050007X
  • Joachim, H. Jung, G. (1997). Analysis of forage fiber and cell walls in ruminant nutrition. The Journal of nutrition, 127(5), 810-813.
  • Mayouf, R., Lakhdar, H., Oued, E., & Arbouche, F. (2014). Chemical composition and relative feed value of three Mediterranean fodder shrubs African Journal of Agricultural Research Chemical composition and relative feed value of three Mediterranean fodder shrubs. Article in African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(8), 746–749. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.7805
  • McCandlish, A. C., E. Weaver E., & Lunde, L. A., (2017). Soybeans as a home-grown supplement for dairy cows. Bulletin: 17: 204, Article 1. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ bulletin /vol17/iss204/1
  • McPeake, R., Robwerg, R., Self, C., & Long, D. (2010). Establishing wildlife food plots, University of Arkansas, Ext. Ser. Publ. FSA9092-PD-12-10RV, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Little Rock, AR, USA.
  • Mertens, D. R. (1994). Regulation of forage intake. In: Fahey Jr.. G. C.; Collins. M.; Mertens. D. R.; Moser. L. E. (Eds.) Forage Quality. Evaluation and Utilization. Madison: American Society of Agronomy. Crop Science of America. Soil Science of America. p.450-493.
  • Moore, J. E., & Undersander, D. J. (2002). Relative forage quality: An alternative to relative feed value and quality index. In Proceedings 13th annual Florida ruminant nutrition symposium (Vol. 32, pp. 16-29).
  • Munoz, A. E., Holt, E. C., & Weaver, R. W. (1983). Yield and Quality of Soybean Hay as Influenced by Stage of Growth and Plant Density1. Agronomy Journal, 75(1), 147–149. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1983.00021962007500010038X
  • Nazlican, A. N. (2010). Soybean farming. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/cukurovataem1.pdf Access date: 22.09.2018.
  • Northup, B. K., & Rao, S. C. (2015). Green Manure and Forage Potential of Lablab in the U.S. Southern Plains. Agronomy Journal, 107(3), 1113–1118. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ14.0455
  • Ocumpaugh, W. R., Matches, A. G., & Luedders, V. D. (1981). Sod-Seeded Soybeans for Forage1. Agronomy Journal, 73(3), 571–574. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1981.00021962007300030038X
  • Ozkan, U., & Demirbag, S. N., (2016). Status quo of quality roughage resources in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, 9(1): 23-27.
  • Redfearn, D., Zhang, H., & Caddel, J. (2006). Forage quality interpretations. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service F-2117.
  • Rohweder, D., Barnes, R. F., & Jorgensen, N. (1978). Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science, 47(3), 747–759.
  • Sancak, C. (2011). Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agronomy Department. agri.ankara.edu.tr: http://www.agri.ankara.edu.tr/fcrops/1283. Cultivation of Field Crops Part 1.
  • Sheaffer, C. C., Orf, J. H., Devine, T. E., & Jewett, J. G. (2001). Yield and Quality of Forage Soybean. Agronomy Journal, 93(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ2001.93199X
  • Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant (2nd Ed.). Cornell University Press. Ithaca, N.Y.
  • Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for Dietary Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Nonstarch Polysaccharides in Relation to Animal Nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583–3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/JDS.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  • Voisin, A. S., Guéguen, J., Huyghe, C., Jeuffroy, M. H., Magrini, M. B., Meynard, J. M., Mougel, C., Pellerin, S., & Pelzer, E. (2014). Legumes for feed, food, biomaterials and bioenergy in Europe: A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 361–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13593-013-0189-Y/METRICS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 571 - 580, 31.12.2023

Şeyda Zorer Çelebi Ahmet Korhan Şahar

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1265629

Öz

Proje Numarası

2015-FBE-D031, 15/A03/P01/014

Kaynakça

  • Acikgoz, E. (2001). Forage Crops (3rd Ed.). Uludag University, Strengthening Foundation Publication, Number: 182, Bursa.
  • Acikgoz, E., Sincik, M., Wietgrefe, G., Sürmen, M., Çeçen, S., Yavuz, T., Erdurmuş, C., & Göksoy, A. T. (2013). Dry matter accumulation and forage quality characteristics of different soybean genotypes. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1204-58
  • Acikgoz, E., Sincik, M., Oz, M., Albayrak, S., Wietgrefe, G., Turan, Z. M., Goksoy, A. T., Bilgili, U., Karasu, A., Tongel, O., & Canbolat, O. (2007). Forage soybean performance in mediterranean environments. Field Crops Research, 103(3), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FCR.2007.06.006
  • Allen, M. S. (1996). Physical constraints on voluntary intake of forages by ruminants. Journal of Animal Science, 74(12), 3063–3075.
  • Anderson, E. J., Ali, M. L., Beavis, W. D., Chen, P., Clemente, T. E., Diers, B. W., Graef, G. L., Grassini, P., Hyten, D. L., McHale, L. K., Nelson, R. L., Parrott, W. A., Patil, G. B., Stupar, R. M., & Tilmon, K. J. (2019). Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding: History, improvement, production and future opportunities. Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes, 7, 431–516. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_12/COVER
  • Anonymous. (2016a). Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Variety Catalog, http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/cukurovataem. Access date: 22.05.2016).
  • Anonymous. (2016b). Automatic Meteorology Observation Station Adana Province climate data for many years. www.omgi.mgm.gov.tr. Access date: 21.06.2016.
  • AOAC, 1990. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Method of Analysis. 15th.ed. Washington DC, USA. 66-88.
  • Baath, G. S., Northup, B. K., Rocateli, A. C., Gowda, P. H., & Neel, J. P. S. (2018). Forage Potential of Summer Annual Grain Legumes in the Southern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 110(6), 2198–2210. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ2017.12.0726
  • Ball, D. M., & Hoveland, C. S. (1996). Lacefield, and GD,‘Forage Quality. Southern Forages’, Potash & Phosphate Institute and Foundation for Agronomic Research, Norcross, GA, 124–132.
  • Cirak, C. & Esendal, E., (2005). Plant growth stages of soybean. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20(2):57-65
  • Garcia, A. (2006). Alternative Forages for Dairy Cattle: Soybeans and Sunflowers. SDSU Extension Extra Archives. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_extra/121
  • Henchion, M., Hayes, M., Mullen, A. M., Fenelon, M., & Tiwari, B. (2017). Future Protein Supply and Demand: Strategies and Factors Influencing a Sustainable Equilibrium. Foods 2017, Vol. 6, Page 53, 6(7), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/FOODS6070053
  • Hintz, R. W., Albrecht, K. A., & Oplinger, E. S. (1992). Yield and Quality of Soybean Forage as Affected by Cultivar and Management Practices. Agronomy Journal, 84(5), 795–798. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1992.00021962008400050007X
  • Joachim, H. Jung, G. (1997). Analysis of forage fiber and cell walls in ruminant nutrition. The Journal of nutrition, 127(5), 810-813.
  • Mayouf, R., Lakhdar, H., Oued, E., & Arbouche, F. (2014). Chemical composition and relative feed value of three Mediterranean fodder shrubs African Journal of Agricultural Research Chemical composition and relative feed value of three Mediterranean fodder shrubs. Article in African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(8), 746–749. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.7805
  • McCandlish, A. C., E. Weaver E., & Lunde, L. A., (2017). Soybeans as a home-grown supplement for dairy cows. Bulletin: 17: 204, Article 1. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ bulletin /vol17/iss204/1
  • McPeake, R., Robwerg, R., Self, C., & Long, D. (2010). Establishing wildlife food plots, University of Arkansas, Ext. Ser. Publ. FSA9092-PD-12-10RV, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Little Rock, AR, USA.
  • Mertens, D. R. (1994). Regulation of forage intake. In: Fahey Jr.. G. C.; Collins. M.; Mertens. D. R.; Moser. L. E. (Eds.) Forage Quality. Evaluation and Utilization. Madison: American Society of Agronomy. Crop Science of America. Soil Science of America. p.450-493.
  • Moore, J. E., & Undersander, D. J. (2002). Relative forage quality: An alternative to relative feed value and quality index. In Proceedings 13th annual Florida ruminant nutrition symposium (Vol. 32, pp. 16-29).
  • Munoz, A. E., Holt, E. C., & Weaver, R. W. (1983). Yield and Quality of Soybean Hay as Influenced by Stage of Growth and Plant Density1. Agronomy Journal, 75(1), 147–149. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1983.00021962007500010038X
  • Nazlican, A. N. (2010). Soybean farming. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/cukurovataem1.pdf Access date: 22.09.2018.
  • Northup, B. K., & Rao, S. C. (2015). Green Manure and Forage Potential of Lablab in the U.S. Southern Plains. Agronomy Journal, 107(3), 1113–1118. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ14.0455
  • Ocumpaugh, W. R., Matches, A. G., & Luedders, V. D. (1981). Sod-Seeded Soybeans for Forage1. Agronomy Journal, 73(3), 571–574. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ1981.00021962007300030038X
  • Ozkan, U., & Demirbag, S. N., (2016). Status quo of quality roughage resources in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, 9(1): 23-27.
  • Redfearn, D., Zhang, H., & Caddel, J. (2006). Forage quality interpretations. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service F-2117.
  • Rohweder, D., Barnes, R. F., & Jorgensen, N. (1978). Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science, 47(3), 747–759.
  • Sancak, C. (2011). Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agronomy Department. agri.ankara.edu.tr: http://www.agri.ankara.edu.tr/fcrops/1283. Cultivation of Field Crops Part 1.
  • Sheaffer, C. C., Orf, J. H., Devine, T. E., & Jewett, J. G. (2001). Yield and Quality of Forage Soybean. Agronomy Journal, 93(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ2001.93199X
  • Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant (2nd Ed.). Cornell University Press. Ithaca, N.Y.
  • Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for Dietary Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Nonstarch Polysaccharides in Relation to Animal Nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583–3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/JDS.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  • Voisin, A. S., Guéguen, J., Huyghe, C., Jeuffroy, M. H., Magrini, M. B., Meynard, J. M., Mougel, C., Pellerin, S., & Pelzer, E. (2014). Legumes for feed, food, biomaterials and bioenergy in Europe: A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 361–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13593-013-0189-Y/METRICS
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Agronomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Şeyda Zorer Çelebi 0000-0003-1278-1994

Ahmet Korhan Şahar 0000-0003-2690-9821

Proje Numarası 2015-FBE-D031, 15/A03/P01/014
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 17 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Zorer Çelebi, Ş., & Şahar, A. K. (2023). Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Forage Yield and Quality of Soybean Cultivars Grown as Second Crops. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(4), 571-580. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1265629
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