Araştırma Makalesi
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Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’de Kıyısal ve Açık sularda Fitoplankton Dinamikleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 29 - 40, 27.02.2017

Nebil Yücel Zahit Uysal

https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523

Öz

Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’de açık ve nehir
etkisinde kalan kıyısal suları temsilen belirlenen iki istasyonda fitoplankton
dinamiklerini incelemek amacıyla Mayıs 2010 – Ekim 2011 tarihleri arasında
aylık örneklemeler yapılmıştır. Fitoplankton pigment örneklemelerinin yanı sıra
sıcaklık ve tuzluluk verileri de toplanmıştır. Fitoplankton biyokütle
göstergesi olan klorofil-a ve yedi
farklı fitoplankton grubunu (siyanobakteriler, proklorofitler, krizofitler,
primnesiyofitler, klorofitler, diatomlar ve dinoflagellatlar)  temsil eden belirteç pigmentler Yüksek
Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografi (HPLC) tekniği ile ölçülmüştür. Örnekleme dönemi
boyunca yüzey klorofil-a konsantrasyonları kıyı için <0.01 – 6.305 µg/l,
açık sular için 0.006 – 1.554 µg/l aralığında ölçülmüştür. Kıyısal sularda
diatom (%27) ve siyanobakteriler (%25) baskın iken, açık sularda
siyanobakteriler (%35) ve primnesiyofitler (%27) fitoplankton kompozisyonuna
daha fazla katkı yapmıştır. Diatomların açık sularda fitoplankton kompozisyonuna
yaptığı katkının kış ve bahar aylarında az da olsa varlığını arttırdığı
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kıyısal sularda kış mevsiminden sonra siyanobakterilerin
fitoplankton kompozisyonuna yaptığı katkıyı arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Ana
grupların fitoplankton kompozisyonuna yaptığı katkı kıyaslandığında,
prokaryotik pikoplankton’un kıyı ve açık sularda yaz ve güz döneminde baskın
olduğu, kış ve bahar dönemlerinde kıyısal sularda baskın olan büyük
ökaryotların açık sularda aynı dönemde yerini ökaryotik nanoflagellatlara
bıraktığı belirlenmiştir. Nehir girdilerinden etkilenen kıyısal sularda büyük
ökaryotların varlığı ve tuzluluk arasında yüksek oranda anlamlı negatif ilişki
bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pigment Klorofil-a HPLC Mersin Körfezi

Kaynakça

  • Ağırbaş, E. 2016. Fitoplankton Pigment Konsantrasyonunun ve Boy Gruplarının HPLC Tekniği ile Belirlenmesi (Güneydoğu Karadeniz, Rize). Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, (2): 81-90, doi:10.17693/yunus.20918
  • Barlow, R. G., Mantoura, R. F. C., Gough, M. A. ve Fileman, T. W. 1993. Pigment signatures of the phytoplankton composition in the north-eastern Atlantic during the 1990 spring bloom. Deep Sea Research, II, 40 (1-2): 459-477. doi:10.1016/0967-0645(93)90027-K.
  • Bayındırlı, C. 2007. Monthly changes in the abundance and biomass of picoplankton (heterotrophic bacteria & cyanobacteria Synechocococcus) in the Cilician Basin (Eastern Mediterranean). Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Bell, T. ve Kalff, J. 2001. The contribution of picoplankton in marine and freshwater systems of different trophic status and depth. Limnology and Oceanography, 46: 1243–1248. doi:10.4319/lo.2001.46.5.1243.
  • Bidigare, R. R., Ondrusek, M. E., Morrow, J. H. ve Kiefer, D. A. 1990. In vivo adsorption properties of algal pigments. SPIE Ocean Optics, 1302: 290–302. doi:10.1117/12.21451.
  • Eker, E. ve Kideyş, A. E. 2000. Weekly variations in phytoplankton community structure of a harbour in Mersin Bay (north-eastern Mediterranean). Turkish Journal of Botany, 24: 13-24.
  • Fogg, G. E. 1991. The phytoplanktonic ways of life. New Phytologist, 118: 191–232. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb00974.x.
  • Gibb, S. W., Barlow, R. G. ve Cummings, D. G. 2000. Surface phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: anassessment of basin scale variability between 50° N and 50° S. Progress in Oceanography, 45: 339–368, doi:10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00007-0.
  • Gibb, S. W., Cummings, D. G., Irigoien, X., Barlow, R. G., Fauzi, R. ve Mantoura, C. 2001. Phytoplankton pigment chemotaxonomy of the northeastern Atlantic. Deep Sea Research. Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 48 (4-5): 795–823. doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(00)00098-9
  • Jeffrey, S. W., Mantoura, R. F. C. ve Wright, S. W. 1997. Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography: Guidelines to modern methods. UNESCO Publishing Paris, 37–84, ISBN: 9231032755.
  • Kideyş, A. E, Ünsal, M. ve Bingel, F. 1989. Seasonal changes in net phytoplankton off Erdemli, norteastern Mediterranean. DOĞA, Turkish Journal of Botany, 13 (1): 45-54.
  • Koçak, M., Kubilay, N., Tuğrul, S. ve Mihalopoulos, N. 2010. Atmospheric nutrient inputs to the north Levantine basin from long-term observation: sources and comparison with riverine inputs. Biogeoscience, 7 (12): 4037-4050, doi:10.5194/bg-7-4037-2010
  • Kormas, K. A., Garametsi, V. ve Nicolaidou, A. 2002. Size-fractionated phytoplankton chlorophyll in an Eastern Mediterranean coastal system (Maliakos Gula, Greece). Helgoland Marine Research, pp. 125–133, doi:10.1007/s10152-002-0106-2.
  • Köksalan, İ. 2000. Temporal variability in Synechococcus spp., abundance in the northern Levantine Basin as inferred from the weekly time series observation in 1998. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin. Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Krom, M. D., Groom, S. ve Zohary, T. 2003. The eastern Mediterranean. In: The Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems (Black, K.D., Shimmield, G.B., eds.), Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 91-126.
  • Krom, M. D., Herut, B. ve Mantoura, R. F. C. 2004. Nutrient budget for the eastern Mediterranean: Implications for P limitation. Limnology and Oceanography, 49: 1582-1592. doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1582.
  • Krom, M. D., Woodward, E. M. S., Herut, B., Kress, N., Carbo, P., Mantoura, R. F. C., Spyres, G., Thingstad, T. F., Wassmann, P., Wexels Riser, C., Kitidis, V., Law, C. S. ve Zodiatis, G. 2005. Nutrient cycling in the south east Levantine basin of the Eastern Mediterranean: results from a phosphorus starved system. Deep-Sea Research II, 52 (22-23): 2879-2896. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.08.009.
  • Li, W. K. W., Zohary, T., Yacobi, Y. Z. ve Wood, A. M. 1993. Ultraphytoplankton in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: towards deriving phytoplankton biomass from flow cytometric measurements of abundance, fluorescence and light scatter. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 102: 79-87.
  • Ludwig, W., Dumont, E., Meybeck, M. ve Heussner, S. 2009. River discharges of water and nutrients to the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Major drivers for ecosystem changes during past and future decades?, Progress In Oceanography, 80 (3–4): 199–217.doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.02.001.
  • Mantoura, R. F. C. ve Llewellyn, C. A. 1983. The rapid determination of algal chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments and their breakdown products in natural waters by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytica Chimica Acta, 151:297-314. doi:10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80092-6.
  • Mantoura, R. F. C., Wright, S. W., Jeffrey, S. W., Barlow R. G. ve Cummings, D. G. 1997. Filtration and storage of pigments from microalgae. In: S. W. Jeffrey, R. F. C. Mantoura and S. W. Wright, Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods. UNESCO Monograph in Oceanographic Methods. SCOR WH 78. Paris:SCOR-UNESCO Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology.
  • Mella-Flores, D., Mazard, S., Humily, F., Partensky, F., Mahé, F., Bariat, L., Courties, C., Marie, D., Ras, ., Mauriac, R., Jeanthon, C., Mahdi Bendif, E., Ostrowski, M., Scanlan, D.J., ve Garczarek, L. 2011. Is the distribution of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus ecotypes in the Mediterranean Sea affected by global warming? Biogeosciences Discussions, 8 (3):4281–4330. doi:10.5194/bgd-8-4281-2011
  • Partensky, F., Hoepffner, N., Li, W. K. W., Ulloa, O. ve Vaulot, D. 1993. Photoacclimation of Prochlorococcus sp. (Prochlorophyta) strains isolated from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Plant Physiology, 101: 285–296
  • Partensky, F., Hess, W. R. ve Vaulot, D. 1999. Prochlorococcus, a Marine Photosynthetic Prokaryote of Global Significance. American Society for Microbiology. 63 (1): 106-127
  • Polat, S. ve Uysal, Z. 2009. Abundance and biomass of picoplanktonic Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) in a coastal ecosystem of the northeastern Mediterranean, the Bay of Iskenderun. Marine Biology Research, 5: 363-373. doi: 10.1080/17451000802512275.
  • Postius, C., Kenter, U., Wacker, A., Ernst, A. ve Böger, P. 1998. Light causes selection among two phycoerythrin-rich Synechococcus isolates from Lake Constance. FEMS Microbial Ecology, 25 (2):171-178. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1998.tb00470.x.
  • Psarra, S., Zohary, T., Krom, M. D., Mantoura, R. F. C., Polychronaki, T., Stambler, N., Tanaka, T., Tselepides, A. ve Thingstad, T. F. 2005. Phytoplankton response to a Lagrangian phosphate addition in the Levantine Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2944-2960. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.08.015.
  • Sağlamtimur, N. ve Tugrul, S. 2004. Effect of Riverine Nutrients on Coastal Water Ecosystems: A Case Study from the Northeastern Mediterranean Shelf. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 13 (11):1288-1294
  • Tanaka, T., Zohary, T., Krom, M. D., Law, C. S., Pitta, P., Psarra, S., Rassoulzadegan, F., Thingstad, T. F., Tselepides, A., Woodward, E. M. S., Flaten, G. A. F., Skjoldal, E. F. ve Zodiatis, G. 2007. Microbial community structure and function in the Levantine Basin of the eastern Mediterranean. Deep-Sea Research I, 54: 1721-1743, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2007.06.008.
  • Tandeau de Marsac, N. ve Houmard, J. 1993. Adaptation of cyanobacteria to environmental stimuli: new steps towards molecular mechanisms. FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 104: 119–190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05866.x.
  • Uysal, Z. ve Köksalan, İ. 2006. The annual cycle of Synechococcus (cyanobacteria) in the northern Levantine Basin shelf waters (Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 27: 187-197. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2006.00105.x.
  • Uysal, Z., Senichkina, L., Kuzmenko, L., Georgieva, L. ve Altukhov, D. 2003. Weekly changes in phytoplankton species composition, diversity, abundance, and biomass across the northern Levantine basin shelf waters. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on "Oceanography of the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea: Similarities and Differences of Two Interconnected Basins". Yılmaz, A (ed.) 14–18 October 2002. METU Cultural and Convention Center, Tubitak Publishers, Ankara, Turkey. 680-686.
  • Uysal, Z., Çoban Yıldız, Y. ve Tuğrul, S. 2004. Levantin Baseni pikoplankton (heterotrofik bakteri ve cyanobakteri) içerik ve dinamikleri. Mersin, ODTÜ/DBE:67.
  • Uysal, Z., Latif, M. A., Özsoy, E., Tuğrul, S., Kubilay, N., Beşiktepe, Ş. T., Yemenicioğlu, S., Mutlu, E., Ediger, D., Beşiktepe, Ş., Ediger, V., Ak Örek, Y., Örek, H., Demirel, M., Tunç, Ş. Ç. ve Terbıyık, T. 2008. The Circulation, Removal, and Eutrophication of the Coastal Ecosystem in the Cilician Basin” YDABAG104Y277 coded TUBITAK project report.
  • Weisse, T. 1993. Dynamics of autotrophic picoplankton in marine and freshwater ecosystems, In:Jones, J.G.(eds), Advances in microbial ecology. Springer US, New York, 13, pp.327-370, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2858-6_8.
  • Yacobi, Y. Z., Gitelson, A. ve Mayo, M. 1995. Remote sensing of chlorophyll in Lake Kinneret using high-spectral-resolution radiometer and Landsat TM: spectral features of reflectance and algorithm development. Journal of Plankton Research, 17: 2155-2173. doi: 10.1093/plankt/17.11.2155.
  • Yılmaz, A. ve Tuğrul, S. 1998. The effect of cold- and warm-core eddies on the distribution and stoichiometry of dissolved nutrients in the northeastern Mediterranean. Journal of Marine Systems, 16: 253–268. doi:10.1016/S0924-7963(97)00022-5.
  • Yılmaz, D. 2006. Temporal variation of phytoplankton in the northeastern shelf of Mediterranean Sea: Composition, pigment signature and production. Doktora Tezi, Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Yücel, N. 2013. Monthly Changes in Primary and Bacterial Productivity in the North-Eastern Mediterranean Shelf Waters. Doktora Tezi. Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.

Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 29 - 40, 27.02.2017

Nebil Yücel Zahit Uysal

https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523

Öz

In order to investigate phytoplankton dynamics,
an offshore and a nearshore station which is mainly influenced from river
inputs were sampled monthly for the period May 2010-October 2011 in the
northeastern Mediterranean. In addition to phytoplankton pigment samples CTD
casts for temperature and salinity were also made. Chlorophyll a as an indicator of phytoplankton
biomass and seven other marker pigments representing different phytoplankton
groups (Cyanobacteria, prochlorophytes, chrysophytes, prmnesiophytes,
chlorophytes, diatoms, dinoflagellates) were measured by High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Surface
chlorophyll a concentrations varied
between <0.01 - 6.30 µg/l and 0.006 – 1.554 µg/l in the shallower
coastal and deeper offshore stations, respectively. While the dominant
components of the shelf phytoplankton were diatoms (27%) and cyanobacteria
(25%), contribution of cyanobacteria (35%) and prymnesiophytes (27%) were more
pronounced in the offshore waters. A slight increase in the diatoms’
contribution to phytoplankton composition in offshore waters during winter and
spring was observed. Similar increase in cyanobacteria was also observed in
shelf waters after winter. When the contribution of major groups to
phytoplankton composition is considered, we observe that prokaryotic
picoplankton dominates the shelf and offshore waters during summer &
autumn, whereas,  eukaryotic
nanoflagellates replaces large eukaryotes that dominate shelf waters during
winter and spring in offshore waters in the mean time. Highly significant
negative correlation was observed between large eukaryotes and salinity in the
shelf station.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pigments Chlorophyll-a HPLC Mersin Bay

Kaynakça

  • Ağırbaş, E. 2016. Fitoplankton Pigment Konsantrasyonunun ve Boy Gruplarının HPLC Tekniği ile Belirlenmesi (Güneydoğu Karadeniz, Rize). Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, (2): 81-90, doi:10.17693/yunus.20918
  • Barlow, R. G., Mantoura, R. F. C., Gough, M. A. ve Fileman, T. W. 1993. Pigment signatures of the phytoplankton composition in the north-eastern Atlantic during the 1990 spring bloom. Deep Sea Research, II, 40 (1-2): 459-477. doi:10.1016/0967-0645(93)90027-K.
  • Bayındırlı, C. 2007. Monthly changes in the abundance and biomass of picoplankton (heterotrophic bacteria & cyanobacteria Synechocococcus) in the Cilician Basin (Eastern Mediterranean). Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Bell, T. ve Kalff, J. 2001. The contribution of picoplankton in marine and freshwater systems of different trophic status and depth. Limnology and Oceanography, 46: 1243–1248. doi:10.4319/lo.2001.46.5.1243.
  • Bidigare, R. R., Ondrusek, M. E., Morrow, J. H. ve Kiefer, D. A. 1990. In vivo adsorption properties of algal pigments. SPIE Ocean Optics, 1302: 290–302. doi:10.1117/12.21451.
  • Eker, E. ve Kideyş, A. E. 2000. Weekly variations in phytoplankton community structure of a harbour in Mersin Bay (north-eastern Mediterranean). Turkish Journal of Botany, 24: 13-24.
  • Fogg, G. E. 1991. The phytoplanktonic ways of life. New Phytologist, 118: 191–232. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb00974.x.
  • Gibb, S. W., Barlow, R. G. ve Cummings, D. G. 2000. Surface phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: anassessment of basin scale variability between 50° N and 50° S. Progress in Oceanography, 45: 339–368, doi:10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00007-0.
  • Gibb, S. W., Cummings, D. G., Irigoien, X., Barlow, R. G., Fauzi, R. ve Mantoura, C. 2001. Phytoplankton pigment chemotaxonomy of the northeastern Atlantic. Deep Sea Research. Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 48 (4-5): 795–823. doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(00)00098-9
  • Jeffrey, S. W., Mantoura, R. F. C. ve Wright, S. W. 1997. Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography: Guidelines to modern methods. UNESCO Publishing Paris, 37–84, ISBN: 9231032755.
  • Kideyş, A. E, Ünsal, M. ve Bingel, F. 1989. Seasonal changes in net phytoplankton off Erdemli, norteastern Mediterranean. DOĞA, Turkish Journal of Botany, 13 (1): 45-54.
  • Koçak, M., Kubilay, N., Tuğrul, S. ve Mihalopoulos, N. 2010. Atmospheric nutrient inputs to the north Levantine basin from long-term observation: sources and comparison with riverine inputs. Biogeoscience, 7 (12): 4037-4050, doi:10.5194/bg-7-4037-2010
  • Kormas, K. A., Garametsi, V. ve Nicolaidou, A. 2002. Size-fractionated phytoplankton chlorophyll in an Eastern Mediterranean coastal system (Maliakos Gula, Greece). Helgoland Marine Research, pp. 125–133, doi:10.1007/s10152-002-0106-2.
  • Köksalan, İ. 2000. Temporal variability in Synechococcus spp., abundance in the northern Levantine Basin as inferred from the weekly time series observation in 1998. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin. Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Krom, M. D., Groom, S. ve Zohary, T. 2003. The eastern Mediterranean. In: The Biogeochemistry of Marine Systems (Black, K.D., Shimmield, G.B., eds.), Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 91-126.
  • Krom, M. D., Herut, B. ve Mantoura, R. F. C. 2004. Nutrient budget for the eastern Mediterranean: Implications for P limitation. Limnology and Oceanography, 49: 1582-1592. doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1582.
  • Krom, M. D., Woodward, E. M. S., Herut, B., Kress, N., Carbo, P., Mantoura, R. F. C., Spyres, G., Thingstad, T. F., Wassmann, P., Wexels Riser, C., Kitidis, V., Law, C. S. ve Zodiatis, G. 2005. Nutrient cycling in the south east Levantine basin of the Eastern Mediterranean: results from a phosphorus starved system. Deep-Sea Research II, 52 (22-23): 2879-2896. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.08.009.
  • Li, W. K. W., Zohary, T., Yacobi, Y. Z. ve Wood, A. M. 1993. Ultraphytoplankton in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: towards deriving phytoplankton biomass from flow cytometric measurements of abundance, fluorescence and light scatter. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 102: 79-87.
  • Ludwig, W., Dumont, E., Meybeck, M. ve Heussner, S. 2009. River discharges of water and nutrients to the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Major drivers for ecosystem changes during past and future decades?, Progress In Oceanography, 80 (3–4): 199–217.doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.02.001.
  • Mantoura, R. F. C. ve Llewellyn, C. A. 1983. The rapid determination of algal chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments and their breakdown products in natural waters by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytica Chimica Acta, 151:297-314. doi:10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80092-6.
  • Mantoura, R. F. C., Wright, S. W., Jeffrey, S. W., Barlow R. G. ve Cummings, D. G. 1997. Filtration and storage of pigments from microalgae. In: S. W. Jeffrey, R. F. C. Mantoura and S. W. Wright, Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods. UNESCO Monograph in Oceanographic Methods. SCOR WH 78. Paris:SCOR-UNESCO Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology.
  • Mella-Flores, D., Mazard, S., Humily, F., Partensky, F., Mahé, F., Bariat, L., Courties, C., Marie, D., Ras, ., Mauriac, R., Jeanthon, C., Mahdi Bendif, E., Ostrowski, M., Scanlan, D.J., ve Garczarek, L. 2011. Is the distribution of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus ecotypes in the Mediterranean Sea affected by global warming? Biogeosciences Discussions, 8 (3):4281–4330. doi:10.5194/bgd-8-4281-2011
  • Partensky, F., Hoepffner, N., Li, W. K. W., Ulloa, O. ve Vaulot, D. 1993. Photoacclimation of Prochlorococcus sp. (Prochlorophyta) strains isolated from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Plant Physiology, 101: 285–296
  • Partensky, F., Hess, W. R. ve Vaulot, D. 1999. Prochlorococcus, a Marine Photosynthetic Prokaryote of Global Significance. American Society for Microbiology. 63 (1): 106-127
  • Polat, S. ve Uysal, Z. 2009. Abundance and biomass of picoplanktonic Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) in a coastal ecosystem of the northeastern Mediterranean, the Bay of Iskenderun. Marine Biology Research, 5: 363-373. doi: 10.1080/17451000802512275.
  • Postius, C., Kenter, U., Wacker, A., Ernst, A. ve Böger, P. 1998. Light causes selection among two phycoerythrin-rich Synechococcus isolates from Lake Constance. FEMS Microbial Ecology, 25 (2):171-178. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1998.tb00470.x.
  • Psarra, S., Zohary, T., Krom, M. D., Mantoura, R. F. C., Polychronaki, T., Stambler, N., Tanaka, T., Tselepides, A. ve Thingstad, T. F. 2005. Phytoplankton response to a Lagrangian phosphate addition in the Levantine Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2944-2960. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.08.015.
  • Sağlamtimur, N. ve Tugrul, S. 2004. Effect of Riverine Nutrients on Coastal Water Ecosystems: A Case Study from the Northeastern Mediterranean Shelf. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 13 (11):1288-1294
  • Tanaka, T., Zohary, T., Krom, M. D., Law, C. S., Pitta, P., Psarra, S., Rassoulzadegan, F., Thingstad, T. F., Tselepides, A., Woodward, E. M. S., Flaten, G. A. F., Skjoldal, E. F. ve Zodiatis, G. 2007. Microbial community structure and function in the Levantine Basin of the eastern Mediterranean. Deep-Sea Research I, 54: 1721-1743, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2007.06.008.
  • Tandeau de Marsac, N. ve Houmard, J. 1993. Adaptation of cyanobacteria to environmental stimuli: new steps towards molecular mechanisms. FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 104: 119–190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05866.x.
  • Uysal, Z. ve Köksalan, İ. 2006. The annual cycle of Synechococcus (cyanobacteria) in the northern Levantine Basin shelf waters (Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 27: 187-197. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2006.00105.x.
  • Uysal, Z., Senichkina, L., Kuzmenko, L., Georgieva, L. ve Altukhov, D. 2003. Weekly changes in phytoplankton species composition, diversity, abundance, and biomass across the northern Levantine basin shelf waters. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on "Oceanography of the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea: Similarities and Differences of Two Interconnected Basins". Yılmaz, A (ed.) 14–18 October 2002. METU Cultural and Convention Center, Tubitak Publishers, Ankara, Turkey. 680-686.
  • Uysal, Z., Çoban Yıldız, Y. ve Tuğrul, S. 2004. Levantin Baseni pikoplankton (heterotrofik bakteri ve cyanobakteri) içerik ve dinamikleri. Mersin, ODTÜ/DBE:67.
  • Uysal, Z., Latif, M. A., Özsoy, E., Tuğrul, S., Kubilay, N., Beşiktepe, Ş. T., Yemenicioğlu, S., Mutlu, E., Ediger, D., Beşiktepe, Ş., Ediger, V., Ak Örek, Y., Örek, H., Demirel, M., Tunç, Ş. Ç. ve Terbıyık, T. 2008. The Circulation, Removal, and Eutrophication of the Coastal Ecosystem in the Cilician Basin” YDABAG104Y277 coded TUBITAK project report.
  • Weisse, T. 1993. Dynamics of autotrophic picoplankton in marine and freshwater ecosystems, In:Jones, J.G.(eds), Advances in microbial ecology. Springer US, New York, 13, pp.327-370, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2858-6_8.
  • Yacobi, Y. Z., Gitelson, A. ve Mayo, M. 1995. Remote sensing of chlorophyll in Lake Kinneret using high-spectral-resolution radiometer and Landsat TM: spectral features of reflectance and algorithm development. Journal of Plankton Research, 17: 2155-2173. doi: 10.1093/plankt/17.11.2155.
  • Yılmaz, A. ve Tuğrul, S. 1998. The effect of cold- and warm-core eddies on the distribution and stoichiometry of dissolved nutrients in the northeastern Mediterranean. Journal of Marine Systems, 16: 253–268. doi:10.1016/S0924-7963(97)00022-5.
  • Yılmaz, D. 2006. Temporal variation of phytoplankton in the northeastern shelf of Mediterranean Sea: Composition, pigment signature and production. Doktora Tezi, Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Yücel, N. 2013. Monthly Changes in Primary and Bacterial Productivity in the North-Eastern Mediterranean Shelf Waters. Doktora Tezi. Mersin, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nebil Yücel

Zahit Uysal Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Şubat 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yücel, N., & Uysal, Z. (2017). Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean. Aquaculture Studies, 17(1), 29-40. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523
AMA Yücel N, Uysal Z. Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean. AquaST. Şubat 2017;17(1):29-40. doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523
Chicago Yücel, Nebil, ve Zahit Uysal. “Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean”. Aquaculture Studies 17, sy. 1 (Şubat 2017): 29-40. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523.
EndNote Yücel N, Uysal Z (01 Şubat 2017) Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean. Aquaculture Studies 17 1 29–40.
IEEE N. Yücel ve Z. Uysal, “Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean”, AquaST, c. 17, sy. 1, ss. 29–40, 2017, doi: 10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523.
ISNAD Yücel, Nebil - Uysal, Zahit. “Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean”. Aquaculture Studies 17/1 (Şubat 2017), 29-40. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523.
JAMA Yücel N, Uysal Z. Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean. AquaST. 2017;17:29–40.
MLA Yücel, Nebil ve Zahit Uysal. “Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean”. Aquaculture Studies, c. 17, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 29-40, doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523.
Vancouver Yücel N, Uysal Z. Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean. AquaST. 2017;17(1):29-40.