Grafit ilavesinin cam elyaf takviyeli kompozitlerin sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma davranışları üzerine etkisi
Öz
Dolgu malzemelerinin lif takviyeli epoksi matrisli kompozitlerde aşınma performansının arttırılması amacıyla kullanılması günümüzde oldukça sık uygulanan bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada grafit dolgusunun cam elyaf takviyeli kompozit yapıya dahil edilmesinin kompozitin tribolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. 3 farklı oranda grafit dolgusu kullanılarak el yatırma yöntemiyle üretilen kompozit malzemelerin farklı yük (7 N, 10 N, 15 N) ve kayma mesafelerinde (200 m, 400 m) aşınma davranışları dolgusuz kompozit ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yükün, dolgu miktarının ve kayma mesafesinin sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranı üzerindeki tartışılmıştır. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, grafit dolgusunun aşınma hacmi ve sürtünme katsayısı üzerindeki belirgin etkileri açıkça görülmektedir. %12 grafit içeren kompozitte aşınma hacmi neredeyse %96 oranında azalmıştır; bu oran %4 grafit dolgusunda ise yaklaşık %93 civarında olmuştur. Grafit takviyesinin ve kuvvetin artmasıyla sürtünme katsayısı düşerken, kayma mesafesinin artmasıyla sürtünme katsayısı düşmüştür. Mikroyapısal analiz, dolgulu kompozitlerin dolgusuz kompozitlere göre daha az aşınma sergilediğini, yüzey gözenekliliğinin ve kraterlerin daha sığ olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Kaynakça
- 1. Asi, O. (2010) An experimental study on the bearing strength behavior of Al2O3 particle filled glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites pinned joints, Composite Structures, 92(2), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.08.014
- 2. Kumar, S., Singh, K.K., and Ramkumar, J. (2020) Comparative study of the influence of graphene nanoplatelets filler on the mechanical and tribological behavior of glass fabric-reinforced epoxy composites, Polymer Composites, 41(12), 5403–5417. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.25804
- 3. Ramesh, B. N., and Suresha, B. (2014) Optimization of tribological parameters in abrasive wear mode of carbon-epoxy hybrid composites, Materials and Design, 59, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.02.023
- 4. Çetkin, E., Demir, M. E., and Ergün, R. K. (2023). The effect of different fillers, loads, and sliding distance on adhesive wear in woven e-glass fabric composites. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 237(2), 418-429. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089221136808
- 5. Borrego, L. P., Costa, J. D. M., Ferreira, J. A. M., and Silva, H. (2014) Fatigue behaviour of glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites enhanced with nanoparticles, Composites Part B: Engineering, 62, 65– 72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.02.016
- 6. Fathy, A., Shaker, A., Hamid, M. A., and Megahed, A. A. (2017) The effects of nano-silica/nano-alumina on fatigue behavior of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites, Journal of Composite Materials, 51(12), 1667–1679. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316661870
- 7. Suresha, B. M., Chandramohan, G., Kishore, Sampathkumaran, P., Seetharamu, S. (2008) Mechanical and Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Glass-Epoxy Composites, Polymers and Polymer Composites, 29(9), 1020-1025. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20576
- 8. Akram, W., Chaturvedi, S.K., Ali, S.M. (2013) Comparative study of mechanical properties of e-glass/epoxy composite materials with Al2O3, CaCo3, SiO2 and PBO fillers, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 2(7), 1029–1034.
- 9. Zhang, X. R., Pei, X. Q., and Wang, Q. H. (2009) Friction and wear studies of polyimide composites filled with short carbon fibers and graphite and micro SiO2, Materials and Design, 30(10), 4414– 4420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.002
- 10. Wang, Q., Zhang, X., and Pei, X. (2010) Study on the synergistic effect of carbon fiber and graphite and nanoparticle on the friction and wear behavior of polyimide composites. Materials and Design, 31(8), 3761–3768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.03.017
- 11. Basavarajappa, S., and Ellangovan, S. (2012) Dry sliding wear characteristics of glass-epoxy composite filled with silicon carbide and graphite particles. Wear, 296(1–2), 491–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2012.08.001
- 12. Basavarajappa, S., Ellangovan, S., and Arun, K. V. (2009). Studies on dry sliding wear behaviour of graphite filled glass–epoxy composites. Materials & Design, 30(7), 2670-2675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2008.10.013
- 13. Shivamurthy, B., Bhat, K. U., and Anandhan, S. (2013). Mechanical and sliding wear properties of multi-layered laminates from glass fabric/graphite/epoxy composites. Materials & Design, 44, 136- 143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.059
- 14. Alajmi, M., Alrashdan, K. R., Alsaeed, T., and Shalwan, A. (2020) Tribological characteristics of graphite epoxy composites using adhesive wear experiments, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(6), 13671-13681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.09.106
- 15. Suresha, B., Chandramohan, G., Renukappa, N. M., and Siddaramaiah. (2007). Mechanical and tribological properties of glass–epoxy composites with and without graphite particulate filler. Journal of applied polymer science, 103(4), 2472-2480. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.25413
- 16. Suresha, B., Ramesh, B. N., Subbaya, K. M., Ravi Kumar, B. N., and Chandramohan, G. (2010) Influence of graphite filler on two-body abrasive wear behaviour of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites. Materials and Design, 31(4), 1833–1841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.006
- 17. Suresha, B., Seetharamu, S., & Kumaran, P. S. (2009). Investigations on the influence of graphite filler on dry sliding wear and abrasive wear behaviour of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites. Wear, 267(9-10), 1405-1414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2009.01.026
THE EFFECT OF GRAPHITE ADDITION ON THE FRICTION COEFFICIENT AND WEAR BEHAVIOR OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES
Öz
The use of fillers in fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix composites to enhance the wear performance of the composite is a widely employed method nowadays. In this study, the effect of incorporating graphite filler into a glass fiber-reinforced composite structure on the tribological properties of the composite was investigated. Composite materials produced using the hand lay-up method with three different levels of graphite filler were compared to unfilled composites in terms of wear behavior under different loads (7 N, 10 N, 15 N) and sliding distances (200 m, 400 m). The influence of load, filler content, and sliding distance on the friction coefficient and wear rate was discussed. When the results are examined, the significant effects of graphite filler on wear volume and friction coefficient are clearly observed. In the composite containing 12% graphite, the wear volume has decreased by almost 96%; this ratio has been around 93% for the composite with 4% graphite filler. As the reinforcement of graphite and force increase, the friction coefficient decreases, whereas with the increase in sliding distance, the friction coefficient declines. Microstructural analysis revealed that the filled composites exhibited less abrasion compared to the unfilled composites, and the surface porosity and craters were shallower.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Asi, O. (2010) An experimental study on the bearing strength behavior of Al2O3 particle filled glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites pinned joints, Composite Structures, 92(2), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.08.014
- 2. Kumar, S., Singh, K.K., and Ramkumar, J. (2020) Comparative study of the influence of graphene nanoplatelets filler on the mechanical and tribological behavior of glass fabric-reinforced epoxy composites, Polymer Composites, 41(12), 5403–5417. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.25804
- 3. Ramesh, B. N., and Suresha, B. (2014) Optimization of tribological parameters in abrasive wear mode of carbon-epoxy hybrid composites, Materials and Design, 59, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.02.023
- 4. Çetkin, E., Demir, M. E., and Ergün, R. K. (2023). The effect of different fillers, loads, and sliding distance on adhesive wear in woven e-glass fabric composites. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 237(2), 418-429. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089221136808
- 5. Borrego, L. P., Costa, J. D. M., Ferreira, J. A. M., and Silva, H. (2014) Fatigue behaviour of glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites enhanced with nanoparticles, Composites Part B: Engineering, 62, 65– 72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.02.016
- 6. Fathy, A., Shaker, A., Hamid, M. A., and Megahed, A. A. (2017) The effects of nano-silica/nano-alumina on fatigue behavior of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites, Journal of Composite Materials, 51(12), 1667–1679. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316661870
- 7. Suresha, B. M., Chandramohan, G., Kishore, Sampathkumaran, P., Seetharamu, S. (2008) Mechanical and Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Glass-Epoxy Composites, Polymers and Polymer Composites, 29(9), 1020-1025. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20576
- 8. Akram, W., Chaturvedi, S.K., Ali, S.M. (2013) Comparative study of mechanical properties of e-glass/epoxy composite materials with Al2O3, CaCo3, SiO2 and PBO fillers, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 2(7), 1029–1034.
- 9. Zhang, X. R., Pei, X. Q., and Wang, Q. H. (2009) Friction and wear studies of polyimide composites filled with short carbon fibers and graphite and micro SiO2, Materials and Design, 30(10), 4414– 4420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.04.002
- 10. Wang, Q., Zhang, X., and Pei, X. (2010) Study on the synergistic effect of carbon fiber and graphite and nanoparticle on the friction and wear behavior of polyimide composites. Materials and Design, 31(8), 3761–3768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2010.03.017
- 11. Basavarajappa, S., and Ellangovan, S. (2012) Dry sliding wear characteristics of glass-epoxy composite filled with silicon carbide and graphite particles. Wear, 296(1–2), 491–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2012.08.001
- 12. Basavarajappa, S., Ellangovan, S., and Arun, K. V. (2009). Studies on dry sliding wear behaviour of graphite filled glass–epoxy composites. Materials & Design, 30(7), 2670-2675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2008.10.013
- 13. Shivamurthy, B., Bhat, K. U., and Anandhan, S. (2013). Mechanical and sliding wear properties of multi-layered laminates from glass fabric/graphite/epoxy composites. Materials & Design, 44, 136- 143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.059
- 14. Alajmi, M., Alrashdan, K. R., Alsaeed, T., and Shalwan, A. (2020) Tribological characteristics of graphite epoxy composites using adhesive wear experiments, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(6), 13671-13681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.09.106
- 15. Suresha, B., Chandramohan, G., Renukappa, N. M., and Siddaramaiah. (2007). Mechanical and tribological properties of glass–epoxy composites with and without graphite particulate filler. Journal of applied polymer science, 103(4), 2472-2480. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.25413
- 16. Suresha, B., Ramesh, B. N., Subbaya, K. M., Ravi Kumar, B. N., and Chandramohan, G. (2010) Influence of graphite filler on two-body abrasive wear behaviour of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites. Materials and Design, 31(4), 1833–1841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.006
- 17. Suresha, B., Seetharamu, S., & Kumaran, P. S. (2009). Investigations on the influence of graphite filler on dry sliding wear and abrasive wear behaviour of carbon fabric reinforced epoxy composites. Wear, 267(9-10), 1405-1414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2009.01.026
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Makine Mühendisliği (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 28 Mart 2024 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 22 Nisan 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 12 Ekim 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 8 Mart 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
DUYURU:
30.03.2021- Nisan 2021 (26/1) sayımızdan itibaren TR-Dizin yeni kuralları gereği, dergimizde basılacak makalelerde, ilk gönderim aşamasında Telif Hakkı Formu yanısıra, Çıkar Çatışması Bildirim Formu ve Yazar Katkısı Bildirim Formu da tüm yazarlarca imzalanarak gönderilmelidir. Yayınlanacak makalelerde de makale metni içinde "Çıkar Çatışması" ve "Yazar Katkısı" bölümleri yer alacaktır. İlk gönderim aşamasında doldurulması gereken yeni formlara "Yazım Kuralları" ve "Makale Gönderim Süreci" sayfalarımızdan ulaşılabilir. (Değerlendirme süreci bu tarihten önce tamamlanıp basımı bekleyen makalelerin yanısıra değerlendirme süreci devam eden makaleler için, yazarlar tarafından ilgili formlar doldurularak sisteme yüklenmelidir). Makale şablonları da, bu değişiklik doğrultusunda güncellenmiştir. Tüm yazarlarımıza önemle duyurulur.
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi Dekanlığı, Görükle Kampüsü, Nilüfer, 16059 Bursa. Tel: (224) 294 1907, Faks: (224) 294 1903, e-posta: mmfd@uludag.edu.tr