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THE EFFECT OF CORE POWER IN RACING PERFORMANCE OF CANOE SLALOM ATHLETES

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 34 - 46, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1110624

Öz

This study aimed to occur the correlation between core and selected strength values of canoe slalom athletes in the race performance. This study was conducted on 26 (17,5±1,5 age) canoe slalom athletes at the Turkish Olympic Preparation Center (TOHM) in Rize and Artvin. Plank, side plank, core flexor endurance, and biering sorensen tests were used to determine athletes' core strength and back, leg, and handgrip strength. In addition, the pulmonary function tests (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF), maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressure (MEP) muscle strength of the athletes were determined. Sprint performance tests were measured in flat water on a 200-meter track. T-test (p>0,05) was used in groups with normal distribution, and Mann Whitney U test (p<0,05) was used in groups that did not show normal distribution while analyzing the data obtained in the study. There was no relationship between canoe slalom athletes' averages of core strength and respiratory functions with their racing performance and 200-meter sprint results (p>0,05), but a negative correlation was found between right-left handgrip (r=-,557; r=-,467) and back strength (r=-,512) with racing performance. In light of current literature, that respiratory functions, strength, and core strength are essential criteria for increasing and maintaining the performance of athletes and are also crucial for canoe slalom athletes. According to study results, strength training and trunk muscle training, in general, are at an acceptable level as promising tools for new canoe slalom athletes to reveal the muscle strength that is required to move the boat.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, F, Müniroğlu S. (2007). Türk milli kanocuların antropometrik özellikleri ve çeşitli performans testi sonuçlarının performansla ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(4), 9-20.
  • Akuthota, V., Nadler, S. F. (2004). Core strengthening. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 85, 86-92.
  • Axel, T. A. (2013). The effects of a core strength training program on field testing performance outcomes in junior elite surf athletes. California State University, Long Beach.
  • Baláš, J., Busta, J., Bílý, M., Martin, A. (2020). Technical skills testing of elite slalom canoeists as a predictor of competition performance. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport; 20(5), 870-878.
  • Boyacı A. (2016). 12–14 yaş grubu çocuklarda merkez bölge (core) kuvvet antrenmanlarının bazı motorik parametreler üzerine etkisi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Muğla; 15.
  • Brittenham, G., Taylor, D. (2014). Conditioning to the core. Human Kinetics.
  • Burkhard-Jagodzinska, K., Zdanowicz, R., Kozera, J., Borkowski, L., Sitkowski, D., Karpilowski, B. (2007). Verification of the basic values of respiratory indices due to Polish kayakers. Biology of Sport, 24(1), 31.
  • Celebi, S. (2008). Yuzme Antrenmani Yaptirilan 9–13 Yas Gurubu Ilkogretim Ogrencilerinde Vucut Yapisal ve Fonksiyonel Ozelliklerinin Incelenmesi. Lisans Tezi, Kayseri Erciyes Üniversitesi.
  • Chan, R.H. (2005). Endurance times of trunk muscles in male intercollegiate rowers in Hong Kong. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 86(10), 2009-2012.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). The analysis of variance and covariance. Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
  • Dokumacı, B., Çakır-Atabek, H. (2015). Relationship between anthropometric variables, respiratory function and bio-motoric properties in Turkish flat water canoe athletes. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(3), 758-767.
  • Farzaneh Hessari, A., Daneshmandi, H., & Mahdavi, S. (2011). The effect of 8 weeks of core stabilization training program on balance in hearing impaired students. Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine, 3(2), 67-83.
  • Fig, G. (2005). Strength training for swimmers: Training the core. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 27(2), 40-42.
  • Fitzgerald, N. M., Kennedy, B., Fitzgerald D. A., Selvadurai, H. (2014). Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) pre‐and post‐exercise in children in health and disease. Pediatric pulmonology, 49(8), 782-789.
  • Fry, R., Morton, A.R. (1991). Physiological and kinanthropometric attributes of elite flatwater kayakists. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 23(11), 1297-1301.
  • Gönener, A., Demirci, D., Gönener, U, Özer, B, Yılmaz, O. (2017). 13-15 yaş grubu erkek yüzücülerde 8 haftalık core antrenmanının sırt üstü stili 100 m performansına etkisi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 29-37.
  • Günay, M., Tamer, K., Cicioğlu, İ. (2006). Spor fizyolojisi ve performans ölçümü. Gazi Kitabevi, 543-545.
  • Halder, K., Chatterjee, A., Pal, R., Tomer, O. S., Saha, M. (2015). Age related differences of selected Hatha yoga practices on anthropometric characteristics, muscular strength and flexibility of healthy individuals. International journal of yoga, 8(1), 37.
  • Hamano, S., Ochi, E., Tsuchiya, Y., Muramatsu, E., Suzukawa, K., Igawa, S. (2015). Relationship between performance test and body composition/physical strength characteristic in sprint canoe and kayak paddlers. Open access journal of sports medicine, 6, 191.
  • Hunter, A., Cochrane, J., Sachlikidis, A. (2008). Canoe slalom competition analysis. Sports biomechanics, 7(1), 24-37.
  • ICF, International Canoe Federation. (2022). Canoe slalom discipline, Erişim: 23 Kasım 2022, https://www.canoeicf.com/disciplines/canoe-slalom.
  • Johnson, B. D., Aaron, E. A., Babcock, M. A., Dempsey, J. A. (1996). Respiratory muscle fatigue during exercise: implications for performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(9), 1129-1137.
  • Kocahan, T., Akınoğlu, B., Kabak, B., Deliceoğlu, G., Tortu, E., Hasanoğlu, A. (2020). Sports Performance Analysis of Canoeing Athletes: Is there a Difference between Sprint and Slalom Canoeing?. Spor Hekimligi Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(3).
  • Lee, T. T., Chen, C. M., Lee, M. M., Li, T. L. (2014). Canoe white-water slalom and flat-water slalom performance and lactate responses. 大專體育學刊, 16(4), 432-439.
  • Lomax, M., McConnel, Alison. (2003). Inspiratory muscle fatigue in swimmers after a single 200 m swim. Journal of sports sciences, 21(8), 659-664.
  • Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stewart, A., Lindsay Carter, L. E. (2012). ISAK manual, International standards for Anthropometric Assessment. International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Published by The international society for the advancement of kinanthropometry, The University of South Australia Holbrooks Rd, Underdale, SA, Australia.
  • McGill, S., Belore, M., Crosby, I., Russell, C. (2010). Clinical tools to quantify torso flexion endurance: Normative data from student and firefighter populations. Occupational Ergonomics, 9(1), 55-61.
  • McKenzie, D. C. (2012). Respiratory physiology: adaptations to high-level exercise. British journal of sports medicine, 46(6), 381-384.
  • Paavolainen, L., Nummela, A., Rusko, H. (2000). Muscle power factors and VO2max as determinants of horizontal and uphill running performance. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 10(5), 286-291.
  • Patil, D., Salian, S. C., Yardi, S. (2014). The effect of core strengthening on performance of young competitive swimmers. International Journal of Science and Research, 3(6), 2470-2477.
  • Sadeghi, H., Nik, H. N., Darchini, M. A., Mohammadi, R. (2013). The effect of six-week plyometric and core stability exercises on performance of male athlete, 11-14 years old. Advances in Environmental Biology, 1195-1202.
  • Sharrock, C., Cropper, J., Mostad, J., Johnson, M., Malone, T. (2011). A pilot study of core stability and athletic performance: is there a relationship?. International journal of sports physical therapy, 6(2), 63.
  • Sheel, A. W., Romer, L. M. (2011). Ventilation and respiratory mechanics. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(2), 1093-1142.
  • Sheel, A. W., Derchak, P. A., Morgan, B. J., Pegelow, D. F., Jacques, A. J., Dempsey, J. A. (2001). Fatiguing inspiratory muscle work causes reflex reduction in resting leg blood flow in humans. The Journal of physiology, 537(1), 277-289.
  • Silapabanleng, S., Buranapuntalug, S. (2018). The Effect of Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscle Warm-Up on Rowing Performance in Youth Rowers. Science & Technology Asia, 37-45.
  • Society, E. R., American Thoracic Society. (2002). ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 166(4), 518-624.
  • Stambolieva, K., Diafas, V., Bachev, V., Christova, L., Gatev, P. (2012). Postural stability of canoeing and kayaking young male athletes during quiet stance. European journal of applied physiology, 112(5), 1807-1815.
  • Stanton, R., Reaburn, P. R., Humphries, B. (2004). The effect of short-term Swiss ball training on core stability and running economy. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3), 522-528.
  • Staron, R. S., Karapondo, D. L., Kraemer, W. J., Fry, A. C., Gordon, S. E., Falkel, J. E., ... Hikida, R. S. (1994). Skeletal muscle adaptations during early phase of heavy-resistance training in men and women. Journal of applied physiology, 76(3), 1247-1255.
  • Taleb, M., Aliberti, S., D'ısanto, Tiziana. (2021). Core training to reduce the performance gap between abled and disabled athletes in the canoe discipline. Journal of Human Sport & Exercise, 16.
  • Tamer, K. (1995). Sporda fiziksel–fizyolojik ölçümler ve değerlendirilmesi. Türkerler Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Tedjasaputra, V., Bouwsema, M. M., Stickland, M. K. (2016). Effect of aerobic fitness on capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise. The Journal of physiology, 594(15), 4359-4370.
  • Tse, M. A., McManus, A. M., Masters, R. S. (2005). Development and validation of a core endurance intervention program: implications for performance in college-age rowers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(3), 547-552.
  • Vajda, M., Piatrikova, E. (2021). Relationship between flat-water tests and canoe slalom performance on 4 different grades of water terrain difficulty. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 17(2), 185-194.
  • Yardımcı, A. (2017). Elit sınıf tek ve çift kürekçilerin ergometre performansları. İnönü Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi; 4(3), 40-47.
  • Zatsiorsky, V. M. (1995). Science and practice of strength training. Champaigne, Ill.
  • Zemková E. (2015). Assessment of core performance in athletes. Od výskumu k praxi. Bratislava: STU.

AKARSU KANO SPORCULARINDA KOR KUVVETİNİN YARIŞ PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 34 - 46, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1110624

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı akarsu kano sporcularının kor ve seçilmiş kuvvet değerleri ile yarış performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, Rize ve Artvin de bulunan Akarsu Kano Slalom Türkiye Olimpiyat Hazırlık Merkezindeki (TOHM) 26 sporcu (17,5±1,5 yaş) üzerinde yürütüldü. Kor kuvveti plank, yan plank, kor fleksör dayanıklılık ve biering sorensen testleriyle, sırt, bacak ve el kavrama dinamometresi ile kuvvet değerleri belirlendi. Bununla birlikte sporcuların solunum fonksiyonları (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF) ile İnspiratuar (MIP) ve ekspiratuar (MEP) kas kuvvetleri tespit edildi. Sprint performans süreleri 200 metrelik durgun su parkurunda ölçüldü. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde normal dağılım gösteren gruplarda T testi (p>0,05), normal dağılım göstermeyen gruplarda Mann Whitney U testi kullanıldı (p<0,05). Akarsu kano sporcularının kor kuvvet ve solunum fonksiyon ortalamaları ile yarış ve 200 m sprint dereceleri ile arasında bir ilişki olmadığı (p>0,05) fakat sağ-sol el kavrama (r=-,557; r=-,467) ve sırt kuvveti (r=-,512) ile yarış performansı arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). Sporcuların performansını artırma ve korumada önemli kriterlerden olan solunum fonksiyonları, kuvvet ve kor kuvveti akarsu kano sporcularında da önemli olduğu literatür ışığında görülmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre genel ve kor kuvvet antrenmanı kano sporcularının kanoyu hareket ettirmede gerekli olan kas gücünü ortaya çıkarmak için umut verici araçlar olarak kabul edilebilir düzeydedir.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, F, Müniroğlu S. (2007). Türk milli kanocuların antropometrik özellikleri ve çeşitli performans testi sonuçlarının performansla ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(4), 9-20.
  • Akuthota, V., Nadler, S. F. (2004). Core strengthening. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 85, 86-92.
  • Axel, T. A. (2013). The effects of a core strength training program on field testing performance outcomes in junior elite surf athletes. California State University, Long Beach.
  • Baláš, J., Busta, J., Bílý, M., Martin, A. (2020). Technical skills testing of elite slalom canoeists as a predictor of competition performance. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport; 20(5), 870-878.
  • Boyacı A. (2016). 12–14 yaş grubu çocuklarda merkez bölge (core) kuvvet antrenmanlarının bazı motorik parametreler üzerine etkisi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Muğla; 15.
  • Brittenham, G., Taylor, D. (2014). Conditioning to the core. Human Kinetics.
  • Burkhard-Jagodzinska, K., Zdanowicz, R., Kozera, J., Borkowski, L., Sitkowski, D., Karpilowski, B. (2007). Verification of the basic values of respiratory indices due to Polish kayakers. Biology of Sport, 24(1), 31.
  • Celebi, S. (2008). Yuzme Antrenmani Yaptirilan 9–13 Yas Gurubu Ilkogretim Ogrencilerinde Vucut Yapisal ve Fonksiyonel Ozelliklerinin Incelenmesi. Lisans Tezi, Kayseri Erciyes Üniversitesi.
  • Chan, R.H. (2005). Endurance times of trunk muscles in male intercollegiate rowers in Hong Kong. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 86(10), 2009-2012.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). The analysis of variance and covariance. Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
  • Dokumacı, B., Çakır-Atabek, H. (2015). Relationship between anthropometric variables, respiratory function and bio-motoric properties in Turkish flat water canoe athletes. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(3), 758-767.
  • Farzaneh Hessari, A., Daneshmandi, H., & Mahdavi, S. (2011). The effect of 8 weeks of core stabilization training program on balance in hearing impaired students. Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine, 3(2), 67-83.
  • Fig, G. (2005). Strength training for swimmers: Training the core. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 27(2), 40-42.
  • Fitzgerald, N. M., Kennedy, B., Fitzgerald D. A., Selvadurai, H. (2014). Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) pre‐and post‐exercise in children in health and disease. Pediatric pulmonology, 49(8), 782-789.
  • Fry, R., Morton, A.R. (1991). Physiological and kinanthropometric attributes of elite flatwater kayakists. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 23(11), 1297-1301.
  • Gönener, A., Demirci, D., Gönener, U, Özer, B, Yılmaz, O. (2017). 13-15 yaş grubu erkek yüzücülerde 8 haftalık core antrenmanının sırt üstü stili 100 m performansına etkisi. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 29-37.
  • Günay, M., Tamer, K., Cicioğlu, İ. (2006). Spor fizyolojisi ve performans ölçümü. Gazi Kitabevi, 543-545.
  • Halder, K., Chatterjee, A., Pal, R., Tomer, O. S., Saha, M. (2015). Age related differences of selected Hatha yoga practices on anthropometric characteristics, muscular strength and flexibility of healthy individuals. International journal of yoga, 8(1), 37.
  • Hamano, S., Ochi, E., Tsuchiya, Y., Muramatsu, E., Suzukawa, K., Igawa, S. (2015). Relationship between performance test and body composition/physical strength characteristic in sprint canoe and kayak paddlers. Open access journal of sports medicine, 6, 191.
  • Hunter, A., Cochrane, J., Sachlikidis, A. (2008). Canoe slalom competition analysis. Sports biomechanics, 7(1), 24-37.
  • ICF, International Canoe Federation. (2022). Canoe slalom discipline, Erişim: 23 Kasım 2022, https://www.canoeicf.com/disciplines/canoe-slalom.
  • Johnson, B. D., Aaron, E. A., Babcock, M. A., Dempsey, J. A. (1996). Respiratory muscle fatigue during exercise: implications for performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(9), 1129-1137.
  • Kocahan, T., Akınoğlu, B., Kabak, B., Deliceoğlu, G., Tortu, E., Hasanoğlu, A. (2020). Sports Performance Analysis of Canoeing Athletes: Is there a Difference between Sprint and Slalom Canoeing?. Spor Hekimligi Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(3).
  • Lee, T. T., Chen, C. M., Lee, M. M., Li, T. L. (2014). Canoe white-water slalom and flat-water slalom performance and lactate responses. 大專體育學刊, 16(4), 432-439.
  • Lomax, M., McConnel, Alison. (2003). Inspiratory muscle fatigue in swimmers after a single 200 m swim. Journal of sports sciences, 21(8), 659-664.
  • Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stewart, A., Lindsay Carter, L. E. (2012). ISAK manual, International standards for Anthropometric Assessment. International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Published by The international society for the advancement of kinanthropometry, The University of South Australia Holbrooks Rd, Underdale, SA, Australia.
  • McGill, S., Belore, M., Crosby, I., Russell, C. (2010). Clinical tools to quantify torso flexion endurance: Normative data from student and firefighter populations. Occupational Ergonomics, 9(1), 55-61.
  • McKenzie, D. C. (2012). Respiratory physiology: adaptations to high-level exercise. British journal of sports medicine, 46(6), 381-384.
  • Paavolainen, L., Nummela, A., Rusko, H. (2000). Muscle power factors and VO2max as determinants of horizontal and uphill running performance. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 10(5), 286-291.
  • Patil, D., Salian, S. C., Yardi, S. (2014). The effect of core strengthening on performance of young competitive swimmers. International Journal of Science and Research, 3(6), 2470-2477.
  • Sadeghi, H., Nik, H. N., Darchini, M. A., Mohammadi, R. (2013). The effect of six-week plyometric and core stability exercises on performance of male athlete, 11-14 years old. Advances in Environmental Biology, 1195-1202.
  • Sharrock, C., Cropper, J., Mostad, J., Johnson, M., Malone, T. (2011). A pilot study of core stability and athletic performance: is there a relationship?. International journal of sports physical therapy, 6(2), 63.
  • Sheel, A. W., Romer, L. M. (2011). Ventilation and respiratory mechanics. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(2), 1093-1142.
  • Sheel, A. W., Derchak, P. A., Morgan, B. J., Pegelow, D. F., Jacques, A. J., Dempsey, J. A. (2001). Fatiguing inspiratory muscle work causes reflex reduction in resting leg blood flow in humans. The Journal of physiology, 537(1), 277-289.
  • Silapabanleng, S., Buranapuntalug, S. (2018). The Effect of Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscle Warm-Up on Rowing Performance in Youth Rowers. Science & Technology Asia, 37-45.
  • Society, E. R., American Thoracic Society. (2002). ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 166(4), 518-624.
  • Stambolieva, K., Diafas, V., Bachev, V., Christova, L., Gatev, P. (2012). Postural stability of canoeing and kayaking young male athletes during quiet stance. European journal of applied physiology, 112(5), 1807-1815.
  • Stanton, R., Reaburn, P. R., Humphries, B. (2004). The effect of short-term Swiss ball training on core stability and running economy. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3), 522-528.
  • Staron, R. S., Karapondo, D. L., Kraemer, W. J., Fry, A. C., Gordon, S. E., Falkel, J. E., ... Hikida, R. S. (1994). Skeletal muscle adaptations during early phase of heavy-resistance training in men and women. Journal of applied physiology, 76(3), 1247-1255.
  • Taleb, M., Aliberti, S., D'ısanto, Tiziana. (2021). Core training to reduce the performance gap between abled and disabled athletes in the canoe discipline. Journal of Human Sport & Exercise, 16.
  • Tamer, K. (1995). Sporda fiziksel–fizyolojik ölçümler ve değerlendirilmesi. Türkerler Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Tedjasaputra, V., Bouwsema, M. M., Stickland, M. K. (2016). Effect of aerobic fitness on capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise. The Journal of physiology, 594(15), 4359-4370.
  • Tse, M. A., McManus, A. M., Masters, R. S. (2005). Development and validation of a core endurance intervention program: implications for performance in college-age rowers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(3), 547-552.
  • Vajda, M., Piatrikova, E. (2021). Relationship between flat-water tests and canoe slalom performance on 4 different grades of water terrain difficulty. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 17(2), 185-194.
  • Yardımcı, A. (2017). Elit sınıf tek ve çift kürekçilerin ergometre performansları. İnönü Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi; 4(3), 40-47.
  • Zatsiorsky, V. M. (1995). Science and practice of strength training. Champaigne, Ill.
  • Zemková E. (2015). Assessment of core performance in athletes. Od výskumu k praxi. Bratislava: STU.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Emin Morgil 0000-0002-8614-1175

Özgür Bostancı 0000-0002-7952-1014

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Mart 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Morgil, E., & Bostancı, Ö. (2023). AKARSU KANO SPORCULARINDA KOR KUVVETİNİN YARIŞ PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1), 34-46. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1110624

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