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Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 443 - 454, 01.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1052100

Öz

İklim değişikliği, fosil yakıtların azaltılmasını ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının artırılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, COVID-19 süreci dezenfektan ihtiyacını artırmış olup, alkolün yakıt olarak kullanımı yasaklanmıştır. Dezenfektan olarak kullanılamayan fuzel yağı, şeker fabrikalarında pancar melasından etil alkol üretimi sonrası geriye kalan çok kötü kokulu atık alkol karışımıdır. Bu çalışmada benzin içerisine farklı volumetrik oranlarda fuzel yağı ve sentetik mangan katkısı ilave edilerek motor performansı, özgül yakıt tüketimi ve emisyonlar üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Volumetrik yakıt karışımları olarak %5, %10, %15 ve %20 oranları belirlenmiştir. Karışımların viskozite, donma noktaları, parlama noktaları baz alınarak yapılan testlerde laboratuvar şartlarında benzin içerisine %15 fuzel yağı eklenmesi en uygun ideal karışım (F15B85) olarak belirlenmiştir. F15B85 test yakıtı içerisine sırasıyla 4-8-12 ve 16 ppm organik reçine esaslı mangan katkı maddesi ilave edilerek 4ppmF15B85, 8ppmF15B85, 12ppmF15B85, 16ppmF15B85 deneysel yakıtları oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen deneysel yakıtlar atmosferik şarjlı benzinli bir motorda ölçüm testleri yapılarak motor performansı ve emisyon değerleri incelenmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlara göre 12ppmF15B85 yakıtı motor performans ve emisyonlar açısından diğer yakıt karışımlarına göre olumlu sonuçlar vermiştir. Motor performanslarında ortalama olarak torkta %4,18, güçte %5,04, BSFC (Fren özgül yakıt tüketimi)’de %3,12 artış, EGT (Egzoz gaz sıcaklığı)’de %2,48 azalma tespit edilmiştir. Egzoz emisyonları açısından bakıldığında CO (Karbonmonoksit) ve HC (Hidrokarbon)’de sırasıyla ortalama olarak %20,69, %10,51 azalma, CO2 (Karbondioksit) ve NOx (Azotoksit) de ise %3,65, %5,10 artış tespit edilmiştir. 

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haas, M. J., McAloon, A. J., Yee, W. C., & Foglia, T. A., “A process model to estimate biodiesel production costs,” Bioresource Technology, 97(4): 671-678, (2006).
  • [2] Apostolakou, A. A., Kookos, I. K., Marazioti, C., & Angelopoulos, K. C. “Techno-economic analysis of a biodiesel production process from vegetable oils,” Fuel Processing Technology, 90(7-8): 1023-1031, (2009).
  • [3] Simsek, S., “Effects of biodiesel obtained from Canola, sefflower oils and waste oils on the engine performance and exhaust emissions,” Fuel, 265: 117026, (2020).
  • [4] Carraretto, C., Macor, A., Mirandola, A., Stoppato, A., & Tonon, S., “Biodiesel as alternative fuel: Experimental analysis and energetic evaluations,” Energy, 29(12-15): 2195-221, (2004).
  • [5] İçingür, Y., & Calam, A., “Fuzel Yağı Benzin Karışımlarının Buji İle Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Performans Ve Emisyonlara Etkisi,” Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1): 143-149, (2012).
  • [6] Özer, S., “The effect of diesel fuel-tall oil/ethanol/methanol/isopropyl/n-butanol/fusel oil mixtures on engine performance and exhaust emissions,” Fuel, 281: 118671, (2020).
  • [7] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: effects of the additives on fuel consumption and emissions,” Fuel, 86(7-8): 1139-1143, (2007).
  • [8] Gürü, M., Karakaya, U., Altıparmak, D., Alıcılar, A., “Improvement of diesel fuel properties by using additives,” Energy conversion and Management, 43(8): 1021-1025, (2002).
  • [9] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Influence of tall oil biodiesel with Mg and Mo based fuel additives on diesel engine performance and emission,” Bioresource Technology, 99(14): 6434-6438, (2008).
  • [10] Gürü, M., Koca, A., Can, Ö., Çınar, C., Şahin, F., “Biodiesel production from waste chicken fat based sources and evaluation with Mg based additive in a diesel engine,” Renewable Energy, 35(3): 637-643, (2010).
  • [11] Üstün, S., “Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması,” Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(3): 1515-1530, (2021).
  • [12] Solmaz, H., “Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of fusel oil in a spark ignition engine” Fuel Processing Technology, 133: 20-28, (2015).
  • [13] Calam, A., Solmaz, H., Uyumaz, A., Polat, S., Yilmaz, E., Içingür, Y., “Investigation of usability of the fusel oil in a single cylinder spark ignition engine,” Journal of the energy institute, 88(3): 258-265, (2015).
  • [14] Abdalla, A. N., Awad, O. I., Tao, H., Ibrahim, T. K., Mamat, R., Hammid, A. T., “Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with fusel oil that a potential using as an octane enhancer,” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 41(8): 931-947, (2019).
  • [15] Ardebili, S. M. S., Solmaz, H., & Mostafaei, M., “Optimization of fusel oil–Gasoline blend ratio to enhance the performance and reduce emissions,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 148: 1334-1345, (2019).
  • [16] Simsek, S., & Ozdalyan, B., “Improvements to the composition of fusel oil and analysis of the effects of fusel oil–gasoline blends on a spark-ignited (SI) engine’s performance and emissions”,Energies, 11(3): 625, (2018).
  • [17] Calam, A., “Effects of the fusel oil usage in HCCI engine on combustion, performance and emission, ” Fuel, 262: 116503, (2020).
  • [18] Ağbulut, Ü., Yeşilyurt, M. K., Sarıdemir, S., “Wastes to energy: Improving the poor properties of waste tire pyrolysis oil with waste cooking oil methyl ester and waste fusel alcohol–A detailed assessment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of a CI engine,” Energy, 222: 119942, (2021).
  • [19] Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ibrahim, T. K., Ali, O. M., Kadirgama, K., Leman, A. M.,” Performance and combustion characteristics of an SI engine fueled with fusel oil-gasoline at different water content,”Applied Thermal Engineering, 123: 1374-1385, (2017).
  • [20] Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., Karagöz, M., “Experimental investigation of fusel oil (isoamyl alcohol) and diesel blends in a CI engine,” Fuel, 267: 117042, (2020).
  • [21] Alenezi, R. A., Mamat, R., Norkhizan, A. M., Najafi, G., “The effect of fusel-biodiesel blends on the emissions and performance of a single cylinder diesel engine,” Fuel, 279: 118438, (2020).
  • [22] Pelkmans, L., Lenaers, G., Bruyninx, J., Scheepers, K., De Vlieger, I., “Impact of biofuel blends on the emissions of modern vehicles,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 225(9): 1204-1220, (2011).
  • [23] Ribeiro, C. B., Martins, K. G., Gueri, M. V. D., Pavanello, G. P.,Schirmer, W.N., “Effect of anhydrous ethanol/gasoline blends on performance and exhaust emissions of spark-ignited non-road engines,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(24): 24192-24200, (2018).
  • [24] Aydogan, H., “An experimental study of the effects of bioethanol-unleaded gasoline blends on engine performance and emissions,” World, 10(20.37): 100-0, (2012).
  • [25] Biswal, A., Gedam, S., Balusamy, S., Kolhe, P., “Effects of using ternary gasoline-ethanol-LPO blend on PFI engine performance and emissions,” Fuel, 281: 118664, (2020).
  • [26] Durão, L., Costa, J., Arantes, T., Brito, F. P., Martins, J.,Gonçalves, M., “Performance and emissions of a spark ignition engine operated with gasoline supplemented with pyrogasoline and ethanol, ” Energies, 13(18): 4671, (2020).
  • [27] Mourad, M., Mahmoud, K., “Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends, ” Renewable Energy, 143: 762-771, (2019).
  • [28] Elfasakhany, A., “Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends,” Energy Conversion and Management, 88: (2014).
  • [29] Li, Y., Ning, Z., Lee, C. F. F., Lee, T. H.,Yan, J., “Performance and regulated/unregulated emission evaluation of a spark ignition engine fueled with acetone–butanol–ethanol and gasoline blends, ” Energies, 11(5): 1121, (2018).
  • [30] Kaisan, M. U., Yusuf, L. O., Ibrahim, I. U., Abubakar, S., Narayan, S., “Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine,” ACS Omega, 5(41): 26454-26462, (2020).
  • [31] Özer, S., “Effects of alternative fuel use in a vehicle with TSI (turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition) engine technology”, International Journal of Green Energy, 1-11: (2021).
  • [32] Lionus, L.G., Subramani, S., Sundaraganesan, A., “Experimental investigation, ANN modelling and TOPSIS optimization of a gasoline premixed HCCI-DI engine with direct injection of FeCl3 nanodditive blended WCO,” Transactions of Famena, 43(3): 83-100, (2019).
  • [33] Li, Z., Zhang, S., Cao, F., “Analysis of Performance and Stability Factors of Vehicle Ethanol Gasoline for Motor Vehicle,” In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 514: No. 4, p. 042025), (2020).
  • [34] Şimşek, S., Saygın, H., Özdalyan, B., “Improvement of fusel oil features and effect of its use in different compression ratios for an SI engine on performance and emission,” Energies, 13(7): 1824, (2020).
  • [35] Uslu, S., Celik, M. B., “Combustion and emission characteristics of isoamyl alcohol-gasoline blends in spark ignition engine,” Fuel, 262: 116496, (2020).
  • [36] Musa, J. I., Eesaa, E. A., Ali, O. M., “Enhancement of SI engines performance operating with gasoline fuel using high octane additives from waste materials,” In AIP Conference Proceedings,2213(1),020032. AIP Publishing LLC, (2020, March).
  • [37] Ali, O. M., “Utilisation of Chemical Waste Additives with Low Octane Commercial Gasoline Fuel to Enhance the Performance of SI Engines, ” International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 18(1): 8612-8620, (2021).
  • [38] Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Yusaf, T., Ardebili, S. M. S., Mamat, R., “Optimization of performance and exhaust emission parameters of a SI (spark ignition) engine with gasoline–ethanol blended fuels using response surface methodology,” Energy, 90: 1815-1829, (2015).
  • [39] Ghazikhani, M., Hatami, M., Safari, B., Ganji, D. D., “Experimental investigation of performance improving and emissions reducing in a two stroke SI engine by using ethanol additives,” Propulsion and Power Research, 2(4): 276-283, (2013).
  • [40] Liu, G., Ruan, C., Li, Z., Huang, G., Zhou, Q., Qian, Y., Lu, X., “Investigation of engine performance for alcohol/kerosene blends as in spark-ignition aviation piston engine,” Applied Energy, 268: 114959, (2020).
  • [41] Sharudin, H., Abdullah, N. R., Najafi, G., Mamat, R., Masjuki, H. H., “Investigation of the effects of iso-butanol additives on spark ignition engine fuelled with methanol-gasoline blends,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 114: 593-600, (2017).
  • [42] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Influence of metallic based fuel additives on performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engine,” Energy Conversion and Management, 52(1): 60-65, (2011).
  • [43] Uyaroğlu, A., Gürü, M., Kocakulak, T., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, H., “Combustion, performance and emission analyses of organic Manganese-Added crambe abyssinica biodiesel in a direct injection diesel engine,” Fuel, 297: 120770, (2021).
  • [44] Nanthagopal, K., Ashok, B., Saravanan, B., Patel, D., Sudarshan, B., Ramasamy, R. A., “An assessment on the effects of 1-pentanol and 1-butanol as additives with Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel,” Energy Conversion and Management, 158: 70-80, (2018).
  • [45] Çelikten, İ, and Gürü, M., "Petrodizel Ve Kanola Biyodizeli Performans Ve Emisyon Kriterlerinin Mangan Esasli Katkı Maddeleriyle Geliştirilmesi. " Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26 (3): 643-648, (2011).
  • [46] Calam, A., “Homojen Dolgulu Sıkıştırma ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda N-Heptan-Tetrahidrofuran Karışımlarının Yanma, Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkisi,” Politeknik Dergisi, 24 (3): 1033-1043, (2021).
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Investigation of the Effects of Synthetic Manganese Additive and Fusel Oil-Gasoline Mixtures on Performance and Emissions in a Spark Ignition Engine

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 443 - 454, 01.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1052100

Öz

Climate change necessitates reducing fossil fuels and increasing renewable energy sources. On the other hand, the COVID-19 process has increased the need for disinfectants and the use of alcohol as fuel is prohibited. Fusel oil, which cannot be used as a disinfectant, is a very smelly waste alcohol mixture left after the production of ethyl alcohol from beet molasses in sugar factories. In this study, fusel oil and synthetic manganese additives in different volumetric ratios were added to gasoline and their effects on engine performance, specific fuel consumption and emissions were investigated.5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were determined as volumetric fuel mixtures.In tests based on the viscosity, freezing points and flash points of the mixtures, adding 15% fusel oil to gasoline under laboratory conditions was determined as the most suitable ideal mixture (F15B85). 4ppmF15B85, 8ppmF15B85, 12ppmF15B85, 16ppmF15B85 measurement fuels were formed by adding 4-8-12 and 16 ppm organic resin-based manganese additives into F15B85 test fuel, respectively. The engine performance and emission values were examined by making measurement tests in an atmospheric charged gasoline engine with the measurement fuels obtained. According to the experimental results, 12ppmF15B85 fuel gave positive results in terms of engine performance and emissions compared to other fuel mixtures. An average of 4.18% increase in torque, 5.04% increase in power, 3.12% increase in BSFC (Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) and 2.48% decrease in EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) were determined in engine performances. In terms of exhaust emissions, an average of 20.69%, 10.51% reductions in CO (carbon monoxide) and HC (hydrocarbon), respectively, and an increase of 3.65% and 5.10% in CO2 (Carbon dioxide) and NOx (nitrous oxide) were detected. 

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haas, M. J., McAloon, A. J., Yee, W. C., & Foglia, T. A., “A process model to estimate biodiesel production costs,” Bioresource Technology, 97(4): 671-678, (2006).
  • [2] Apostolakou, A. A., Kookos, I. K., Marazioti, C., & Angelopoulos, K. C. “Techno-economic analysis of a biodiesel production process from vegetable oils,” Fuel Processing Technology, 90(7-8): 1023-1031, (2009).
  • [3] Simsek, S., “Effects of biodiesel obtained from Canola, sefflower oils and waste oils on the engine performance and exhaust emissions,” Fuel, 265: 117026, (2020).
  • [4] Carraretto, C., Macor, A., Mirandola, A., Stoppato, A., & Tonon, S., “Biodiesel as alternative fuel: Experimental analysis and energetic evaluations,” Energy, 29(12-15): 2195-221, (2004).
  • [5] İçingür, Y., & Calam, A., “Fuzel Yağı Benzin Karışımlarının Buji İle Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Performans Ve Emisyonlara Etkisi,” Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1): 143-149, (2012).
  • [6] Özer, S., “The effect of diesel fuel-tall oil/ethanol/methanol/isopropyl/n-butanol/fusel oil mixtures on engine performance and exhaust emissions,” Fuel, 281: 118671, (2020).
  • [7] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Biodiesel production from tall oil with synthesized Mn and Ni based additives: effects of the additives on fuel consumption and emissions,” Fuel, 86(7-8): 1139-1143, (2007).
  • [8] Gürü, M., Karakaya, U., Altıparmak, D., Alıcılar, A., “Improvement of diesel fuel properties by using additives,” Energy conversion and Management, 43(8): 1021-1025, (2002).
  • [9] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Influence of tall oil biodiesel with Mg and Mo based fuel additives on diesel engine performance and emission,” Bioresource Technology, 99(14): 6434-6438, (2008).
  • [10] Gürü, M., Koca, A., Can, Ö., Çınar, C., Şahin, F., “Biodiesel production from waste chicken fat based sources and evaluation with Mg based additive in a diesel engine,” Renewable Energy, 35(3): 637-643, (2010).
  • [11] Üstün, S., “Atık fuzel yağı-motorin karışımı içerisine organik esaslı mangan ilavesinin motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristiklerinin araştırılması,” Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(3): 1515-1530, (2021).
  • [12] Solmaz, H., “Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of fusel oil in a spark ignition engine” Fuel Processing Technology, 133: 20-28, (2015).
  • [13] Calam, A., Solmaz, H., Uyumaz, A., Polat, S., Yilmaz, E., Içingür, Y., “Investigation of usability of the fusel oil in a single cylinder spark ignition engine,” Journal of the energy institute, 88(3): 258-265, (2015).
  • [14] Abdalla, A. N., Awad, O. I., Tao, H., Ibrahim, T. K., Mamat, R., Hammid, A. T., “Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with fusel oil that a potential using as an octane enhancer,” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 41(8): 931-947, (2019).
  • [15] Ardebili, S. M. S., Solmaz, H., & Mostafaei, M., “Optimization of fusel oil–Gasoline blend ratio to enhance the performance and reduce emissions,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 148: 1334-1345, (2019).
  • [16] Simsek, S., & Ozdalyan, B., “Improvements to the composition of fusel oil and analysis of the effects of fusel oil–gasoline blends on a spark-ignited (SI) engine’s performance and emissions”,Energies, 11(3): 625, (2018).
  • [17] Calam, A., “Effects of the fusel oil usage in HCCI engine on combustion, performance and emission, ” Fuel, 262: 116503, (2020).
  • [18] Ağbulut, Ü., Yeşilyurt, M. K., Sarıdemir, S., “Wastes to energy: Improving the poor properties of waste tire pyrolysis oil with waste cooking oil methyl ester and waste fusel alcohol–A detailed assessment on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics of a CI engine,” Energy, 222: 119942, (2021).
  • [19] Awad, O. I., Mamat, R., Ibrahim, T. K., Ali, O. M., Kadirgama, K., Leman, A. M.,” Performance and combustion characteristics of an SI engine fueled with fusel oil-gasoline at different water content,”Applied Thermal Engineering, 123: 1374-1385, (2017).
  • [20] Ağbulut, Ü., Sarıdemir, S., Karagöz, M., “Experimental investigation of fusel oil (isoamyl alcohol) and diesel blends in a CI engine,” Fuel, 267: 117042, (2020).
  • [21] Alenezi, R. A., Mamat, R., Norkhizan, A. M., Najafi, G., “The effect of fusel-biodiesel blends on the emissions and performance of a single cylinder diesel engine,” Fuel, 279: 118438, (2020).
  • [22] Pelkmans, L., Lenaers, G., Bruyninx, J., Scheepers, K., De Vlieger, I., “Impact of biofuel blends on the emissions of modern vehicles,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 225(9): 1204-1220, (2011).
  • [23] Ribeiro, C. B., Martins, K. G., Gueri, M. V. D., Pavanello, G. P.,Schirmer, W.N., “Effect of anhydrous ethanol/gasoline blends on performance and exhaust emissions of spark-ignited non-road engines,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(24): 24192-24200, (2018).
  • [24] Aydogan, H., “An experimental study of the effects of bioethanol-unleaded gasoline blends on engine performance and emissions,” World, 10(20.37): 100-0, (2012).
  • [25] Biswal, A., Gedam, S., Balusamy, S., Kolhe, P., “Effects of using ternary gasoline-ethanol-LPO blend on PFI engine performance and emissions,” Fuel, 281: 118664, (2020).
  • [26] Durão, L., Costa, J., Arantes, T., Brito, F. P., Martins, J.,Gonçalves, M., “Performance and emissions of a spark ignition engine operated with gasoline supplemented with pyrogasoline and ethanol, ” Energies, 13(18): 4671, (2020).
  • [27] Mourad, M., Mahmoud, K., “Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends, ” Renewable Energy, 143: 762-771, (2019).
  • [28] Elfasakhany, A., “Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends,” Energy Conversion and Management, 88: (2014).
  • [29] Li, Y., Ning, Z., Lee, C. F. F., Lee, T. H.,Yan, J., “Performance and regulated/unregulated emission evaluation of a spark ignition engine fueled with acetone–butanol–ethanol and gasoline blends, ” Energies, 11(5): 1121, (2018).
  • [30] Kaisan, M. U., Yusuf, L. O., Ibrahim, I. U., Abubakar, S., Narayan, S., “Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine,” ACS Omega, 5(41): 26454-26462, (2020).
  • [31] Özer, S., “Effects of alternative fuel use in a vehicle with TSI (turbocharged direct-injection spark-ignition) engine technology”, International Journal of Green Energy, 1-11: (2021).
  • [32] Lionus, L.G., Subramani, S., Sundaraganesan, A., “Experimental investigation, ANN modelling and TOPSIS optimization of a gasoline premixed HCCI-DI engine with direct injection of FeCl3 nanodditive blended WCO,” Transactions of Famena, 43(3): 83-100, (2019).
  • [33] Li, Z., Zhang, S., Cao, F., “Analysis of Performance and Stability Factors of Vehicle Ethanol Gasoline for Motor Vehicle,” In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 514: No. 4, p. 042025), (2020).
  • [34] Şimşek, S., Saygın, H., Özdalyan, B., “Improvement of fusel oil features and effect of its use in different compression ratios for an SI engine on performance and emission,” Energies, 13(7): 1824, (2020).
  • [35] Uslu, S., Celik, M. B., “Combustion and emission characteristics of isoamyl alcohol-gasoline blends in spark ignition engine,” Fuel, 262: 116496, (2020).
  • [36] Musa, J. I., Eesaa, E. A., Ali, O. M., “Enhancement of SI engines performance operating with gasoline fuel using high octane additives from waste materials,” In AIP Conference Proceedings,2213(1),020032. AIP Publishing LLC, (2020, March).
  • [37] Ali, O. M., “Utilisation of Chemical Waste Additives with Low Octane Commercial Gasoline Fuel to Enhance the Performance of SI Engines, ” International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 18(1): 8612-8620, (2021).
  • [38] Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Yusaf, T., Ardebili, S. M. S., Mamat, R., “Optimization of performance and exhaust emission parameters of a SI (spark ignition) engine with gasoline–ethanol blended fuels using response surface methodology,” Energy, 90: 1815-1829, (2015).
  • [39] Ghazikhani, M., Hatami, M., Safari, B., Ganji, D. D., “Experimental investigation of performance improving and emissions reducing in a two stroke SI engine by using ethanol additives,” Propulsion and Power Research, 2(4): 276-283, (2013).
  • [40] Liu, G., Ruan, C., Li, Z., Huang, G., Zhou, Q., Qian, Y., Lu, X., “Investigation of engine performance for alcohol/kerosene blends as in spark-ignition aviation piston engine,” Applied Energy, 268: 114959, (2020).
  • [41] Sharudin, H., Abdullah, N. R., Najafi, G., Mamat, R., Masjuki, H. H., “Investigation of the effects of iso-butanol additives on spark ignition engine fuelled with methanol-gasoline blends,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 114: 593-600, (2017).
  • [42] Keskin, A., Gürü, M., & Altıparmak, D., “Influence of metallic based fuel additives on performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engine,” Energy Conversion and Management, 52(1): 60-65, (2011).
  • [43] Uyaroğlu, A., Gürü, M., Kocakulak, T., Uyumaz, A., Solmaz, H., “Combustion, performance and emission analyses of organic Manganese-Added crambe abyssinica biodiesel in a direct injection diesel engine,” Fuel, 297: 120770, (2021).
  • [44] Nanthagopal, K., Ashok, B., Saravanan, B., Patel, D., Sudarshan, B., Ramasamy, R. A., “An assessment on the effects of 1-pentanol and 1-butanol as additives with Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel,” Energy Conversion and Management, 158: 70-80, (2018).
  • [45] Çelikten, İ, and Gürü, M., "Petrodizel Ve Kanola Biyodizeli Performans Ve Emisyon Kriterlerinin Mangan Esasli Katkı Maddeleriyle Geliştirilmesi. " Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26 (3): 643-648, (2011).
  • [46] Calam, A., “Homojen Dolgulu Sıkıştırma ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda N-Heptan-Tetrahidrofuran Karışımlarının Yanma, Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkisi,” Politeknik Dergisi, 24 (3): 1033-1043, (2021).
  • [47] Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri Anonim Şirketi (TÜPRAŞ), https://tprstaticfilessa. blob.core.windows. net/assets /uploads/urunler/spek/urun-spesifikasyonu-kursunsuz-benzin-95-oktan.pdf , Erişim tarihi Ekim 22, (2021).
  • [48] Özer S., and Vural E., "Turboşarjlı enjeksiyonlu benzinli bir motorda LPG kullanımının emisyonlar ve motor performansı açısından incelenmesi." Politeknik Dergisi 24.1: 143-150, (2021).
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Süleyman Üstün 0000-0001-8349-1236

Metin Gürü 0000-0002-7335-7583

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Üstün, S., & Gürü, M. (2022). Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi, 25(1), 443-454. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1052100
AMA Üstün S, Gürü M. Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi. Mart 2022;25(1):443-454. doi:10.2339/politeknik.1052100
Chicago Üstün, Süleyman, ve Metin Gürü. “Buji Ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı Ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans Ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi”. Politeknik Dergisi 25, sy. 1 (Mart 2022): 443-54. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1052100.
EndNote Üstün S, Gürü M (01 Mart 2022) Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi 25 1 443–454.
IEEE S. Üstün ve M. Gürü, “Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi”, Politeknik Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 1, ss. 443–454, 2022, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.1052100.
ISNAD Üstün, Süleyman - Gürü, Metin. “Buji Ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı Ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans Ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi”. Politeknik Dergisi 25/1 (Mart 2022), 443-454. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1052100.
JAMA Üstün S, Gürü M. Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi. 2022;25:443–454.
MLA Üstün, Süleyman ve Metin Gürü. “Buji Ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı Ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans Ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi”. Politeknik Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 443-54, doi:10.2339/politeknik.1052100.
Vancouver Üstün S, Gürü M. Buji ile Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Sentetik Mangan Katkısı ile Fuzel Yağı-Benzin Karışımlarının Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi. 2022;25(1):443-54.
 
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