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Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 113 - 122, 28.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1070711

Öz

Determination of heavy metals is enormously important to determine the condition of the aquatic environment in terms of chemical pollution. In this study, a preliminary determination of heavy metal concentrations in sediment, water, and some macroinvertebrates in several sampling sites along Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines, was undertaken to have an initial status of heavy metal pollution in the area. Results revealed that the average concentration of heavy metals followed the order of Fe>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cd for sediment, Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Fe > Cd > Mn for seawater, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd for spider conch (Lambis lambis Linnaeus, 1758), and Fe> Zn > Pb > Ni > Mn > Cu > Cd for sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra, Jaeger, 1833). However, all these determined heavy metals were within the safety limits set by WHO, US (EPA and FDA), and EMA. This study suggests that despite the anthropogenic activities in the coastal areas, heavy metal contamination in Tawi-Tawi Bay has not exceeded the safety limits. 

Teşekkür

The authors are grateful to chancellor Mary Joyce Z. Guinto-Sali and Kastamonu University Central Laboratory for their financial and technical support.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, A., & Mirekhtiary, F. (2020). Heavy metals and natural radioactivity concentration in sediments of the Mediterranean Sea coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154, 111041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111041
  • Alam, M. G. M., Tanaka, A., Stagnitti, F., Allinson, G., & Maekawa, T. (2001). Observations on the effects of caged carp culture on water and sediment metal concentrations in lake Kasumigaura, Japan. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 48(1), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2000.1989
  • Amiard, J. C., & Amiard-Triquet, C. (1993). Handbook of hazardous materials (1st ed.). Academic Press.
  • Amor, R., Jerbi, H., Abidi, M., & Gueddari, M. (2020). Assessment of trace metal contamination, total organic carbon and nutrient accumulation in surface sediments of Monastir Bay (Eastern Tunisia, Mediterranean Sea). Regional Studies in Marine Science, 34, 101089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101089
  • Baharom, Z. S., & Ishak, M. Y. (2015). Determination of heavy metal accumulation in fish species in Galas River, Kelantan and Beranang mining pool, Selangor. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 30, 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.10.057
  • Campos, W. L., Villarta, K. A., Asis, J. C., Beldia II, P. D., Estremadura, D. G., Genito, G. E., Mequila, A. T., Nabuab, F. B., Noblezada, M. P., Santillan, A. S., & Tajolosa, M. T. (2007). Monitoring and Baseline Assessment of Marine Protected Areas in the Fish Project Focal Areas: Tawi-Tawi. Implementation of the Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvest Project, Project No.: 492-C-00-03-00022-00. University of the Philippines in the Visayas Foundation Inc.
  • Chen, Y., Liu, Q., Xu, M., & Wang, Z. (2020). Inter-annual variability of heavy metals pollution in surface sediment of Jiangsu coastal region, China: Case study of the Defeng port. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 150, 110720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110720
  • Christophoridis, C., Bourliva, A., Evgenakis, E., Papadopoulou, L., & Fytianos, K. (2019). Effects of anthropogenic activities on the levels of heavy metals in marine surface sediment of the Thessaloniki Bay, Northern Greece: Spatial distribution, sources and contamination assessment. Microchemical Journal, 149, 104001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2019.104001
  • Cubadda, F., Conti, M. E., & Campanella, L. (2001). Size-dependent concentration of trace metals in four Mediterranean gastropods. Chemosphere, 45(4-5), 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00013-3
  • de Fretes, C. C., Kakisina, P., & Rumahlatu, D. (2020). Concentration of heavy metal Hg, Au, and Fe in sediments, water, and tissue damage of golden sea cucumber Stichopus herrmanni (Semper, 1868) (Holothuroidea; Stichopodidae) in Kayeli Bay, Indonesia. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(1), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.603602
  • El Baz, S. M., & Khalil, M. M. (2018). Assessment of trace metals contamination in the coastal sediments of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 143, 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.03.029
  • El Nemr, A., El-Said, G. F., Ragab, S., Khaled, A., & El-Sikaily, A. (2016). The distribution, contamination and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment and shellfish from the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Chemosphere, 165, 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.048
  • Elderwish, N. M., Taştan, Y., & Sönmez, A. Y. (2019). Türkiye’nin batı Karadeniz kıyı sularındaki ağır metal birikiminin mevsimsel olarak incelenmesi [Seasonal investigation of heavy metal accumulation in waters of western Black Sea coasts of Turkey]. Menba Kastamonu Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 1-8.
  • El-Sorogy, A., Al-Kahtany, A., Youssef, M., Al-Kahtany, F., & Al-Malky, M. (2018). Distribution and metal contamination in the coastal sediments of Dammam Al-Jubail area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128, 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.066
  • Freedman, B. (1989). Environmental ecology: The impacts of pollution and other stresses on ecosystem structure and function. Academic Press, Inc.
  • Gümgüm, B., Ünlü, E., Tez, Z., & Gülsün, Z. (1994). Heavy metal pollution in water, sediment and fish from the Tigris River in Turkey. Chemosphere, 29(1), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(94)90094-9
  • Güven, K., Özbay, C., Ünlü, E., & Satar, A. (1999). Acute lethal toxicity and accumulation of copper in Gammarus pulex (L.) (Amphipoda). Turkish Journal of Biology, 23, 513–521.
  • Harms, U. (1975). The levels of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg) in fish from onshore and offshore waters of the German Bight. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 157(3), 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01140285
  • Hwang, D. W., Kim, S. G., Choi, M., Lee, I. S., Kim, S. S., & Choi, H. G. (2016). Monitoring of trace metals in coastal sediments around Korean Peninsula. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 102(1), 230-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.045
  • Jefferies, D. J. (1984). Chemical analysis of some coarse fish from a Suffolk River carried out as part of the preparation for the first release of captive-bred otters.
  • Jiang, H., Tang, S., Qin, D., Chen, Z., Wang, J., Bai, S., & Mou, Z. (2015). Heavy metals in sea cucumber juveniles from coastal areas of Bohai and Yellow Seas, North China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 94(5), 577-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1432-1
  • Jinadasa, B. K. K. K., Samanthi, R. I., & Wicramsinghe, I. (2014). Trace metal accumulation in tissue of sea cucumber species; North-Western Sea of Sri Lanka. American Journal of Public Health Research, 2(5A), 1-5.
  • Karthikeyan, P., Vennila, G., Nanthakumar, G., & Aswini, M. (2020). Dataset for spatial distribution and pollution indices of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Emerald Lake, Tamil Nadu, India. Data in Brief, 28, 104877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104877
  • Keshta, A. E., Shaltout, K. H., Baldwin, A. H., Sharaf El-Din, A. A. (2020). Sediment clays are trapping heavy metals in urban lakes: An indicator for severe industrial and agricultural influence on coastal wetlands at the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151, 110816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110816
  • Lee, Y. H., & Stuebing, R. B. (1990). Heavy metal contamination in the River Toad, Bufo juxtasper (Inger), near a copper mine in East Malaysia. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 45(2), 272–279. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01700195
  • Lim, D., Choi, J., Shin, H. H., Jeong, D. H., & Jung, H. S. (2013). Toxicological impact assessment of heavy metal contamination on macrobenthic communities in southern coastal sediments of Korea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 73(1), 362-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.037
  • Liu, J. J., Ni, Z. X., Diao, Z. H., Hu, Y. X., & Xu, X. R. (2018). Contamination level, chemical fraction and ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments from Daya Bay, South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128, 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.021
  • Mohsen, M., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Sun, L., Lin, C., & Yang, H. (2019). Heavy metals in sediment, microplastic and sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus from farms in China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 143, 42-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.025
  • Morgano, M. A., Rabonato, L. C., Milani, R. F., Miyagusku, L., & Balian, S. C. (2011). Assessment of trace elements in fishes of Japanese foods marketed in São Paulo (Brazil). Food Control, 22(5), 778-785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.016
  • Morillo, J., Usero, J., & Gracia, I. (2004). Heavy metal distribution in marine sediments from the southwest coast of Spain. Chemosphere, 55(3), 431-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.10.047
  • Öztürk, M., Özözen, G., Minareci, O., & Minareci, E. (2009). Determination of heavy metals in fish, water and sediments of Avsar Dam Lake in Turkey. Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 6(2), 73-80.
  • Pérez, S., Sánchez-Marín, P., Bellas, J., Viñas, L., Besada, V., & Fernández, N. (2019). Limpets (Patella spp. Mollusca, Gastropoda) as model organisms for biomonitoring environmental quality. Ecological Indicators, 101, 150-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.01.016
  • Qu, B., Song, J., Yuan, H., Li, X., Li, N., & Duan, L. (2018). Intensive anthropogenic activities had affected Daya Bay in South China Sea since the 1980s: Evidence from heavy metal contamination. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135, 318-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.011
  • Reddy, M. S., Basha, S., Joshi, H. V., & Ramachandraiah, G. (2005). Seasonal distribution and contamination levels of total PHCs, PAHs and heavy metals in coastal waters of the Alang-Sosiya ship scrapping yard, Gulf of Cambay, India. Chemosphere, 61(11), 1587-1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.093
  • Saher, N. U., & Siddique, A. S. (2019). Occurrence of heavy metals in sediments and their bioaccumulation in sentinel crab (Macrophthalmus depressus) from highly impacted coastal zone. Chemosphere, 221, 89-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.008
  • Sönmez, A. Y., Karataş, M., Arslan, G., & Aras, M. S. (2021). Sular bilgisi (2nd ed.). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Sönmez, A. Y., Yağanoğlu, A. M., Arslan, G., & Hisar, O. (2012). Metals in two species of fish in Karasu river. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 89(6), 1190-1195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0841-2
  • Tahiluddin, A. B., Nuñal, S. N., Luhan, M. R. J., & Santander–de Leon, S. M. S. (2021). Vibrio and heterotrophic marine bacteria composition and abundance in nutrient-enriched Kappaphycus striatus. Philippine Journal of Science, 150(6B), 1751-1763.
  • Tian, K., Wu, Q., Liu, P., Hu, W., Huang, B., Shi, B., Zhou, Y., Kwon, B., Choi, K., Ryu, J., & Khim, J. (2020). Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments and water from the coastal areas of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Environment International, 136, 105512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105512
  • Wang, X., Fu, R., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Lu, M., Xiao, K., Zhang, X., Zheng, C., & Xiong, Y. (2020). Heavy metal contamination in surface sediments: A comprehensive, large-scale evaluation for the Bohai Sea, China. Environmental Pollution, 260, 113986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113986
  • Webb, A. L., Hughes, K. A., Grand, M. M., Lohan, M. C., & Peck, L. S. (2020). Sources of elevated heavy metal concentrations in sediment and benthic marine invertebrates of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Science of The Total Environment, 698, 134268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134268
  • Yan, Y., Han, L., Yu, R., Hu, G., Zhang, W., Cui, J., Yan, Y., & Hung, H. (2020). Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. Catena, 187, 104322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104322
  • Zhang, L., Shi, Z., Zhang, J., Jiang, Z., Wang, F., & Huang, X. (2015). Spatial and seasonal characteristics of dissolved heavy metals in the east and west Guangdong coastal waters, South China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 95(1), 419-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.035
  • Zhao, Y., Xu, M., Liu, Q., Wang, Z., Zhao, L., & Chen, Y. (2018). Study of heavy metal pollution, ecological risk and source apportionment in the surface water and sediment of the Jiangsu coastal region, China: A case study of the Sheyang Estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 137, 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.044
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 113 - 122, 28.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1070711

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, A., & Mirekhtiary, F. (2020). Heavy metals and natural radioactivity concentration in sediments of the Mediterranean Sea coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154, 111041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111041
  • Alam, M. G. M., Tanaka, A., Stagnitti, F., Allinson, G., & Maekawa, T. (2001). Observations on the effects of caged carp culture on water and sediment metal concentrations in lake Kasumigaura, Japan. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 48(1), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.2000.1989
  • Amiard, J. C., & Amiard-Triquet, C. (1993). Handbook of hazardous materials (1st ed.). Academic Press.
  • Amor, R., Jerbi, H., Abidi, M., & Gueddari, M. (2020). Assessment of trace metal contamination, total organic carbon and nutrient accumulation in surface sediments of Monastir Bay (Eastern Tunisia, Mediterranean Sea). Regional Studies in Marine Science, 34, 101089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101089
  • Baharom, Z. S., & Ishak, M. Y. (2015). Determination of heavy metal accumulation in fish species in Galas River, Kelantan and Beranang mining pool, Selangor. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 30, 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.10.057
  • Campos, W. L., Villarta, K. A., Asis, J. C., Beldia II, P. D., Estremadura, D. G., Genito, G. E., Mequila, A. T., Nabuab, F. B., Noblezada, M. P., Santillan, A. S., & Tajolosa, M. T. (2007). Monitoring and Baseline Assessment of Marine Protected Areas in the Fish Project Focal Areas: Tawi-Tawi. Implementation of the Fisheries Improved for Sustainable Harvest Project, Project No.: 492-C-00-03-00022-00. University of the Philippines in the Visayas Foundation Inc.
  • Chen, Y., Liu, Q., Xu, M., & Wang, Z. (2020). Inter-annual variability of heavy metals pollution in surface sediment of Jiangsu coastal region, China: Case study of the Defeng port. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 150, 110720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110720
  • Christophoridis, C., Bourliva, A., Evgenakis, E., Papadopoulou, L., & Fytianos, K. (2019). Effects of anthropogenic activities on the levels of heavy metals in marine surface sediment of the Thessaloniki Bay, Northern Greece: Spatial distribution, sources and contamination assessment. Microchemical Journal, 149, 104001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2019.104001
  • Cubadda, F., Conti, M. E., & Campanella, L. (2001). Size-dependent concentration of trace metals in four Mediterranean gastropods. Chemosphere, 45(4-5), 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00013-3
  • de Fretes, C. C., Kakisina, P., & Rumahlatu, D. (2020). Concentration of heavy metal Hg, Au, and Fe in sediments, water, and tissue damage of golden sea cucumber Stichopus herrmanni (Semper, 1868) (Holothuroidea; Stichopodidae) in Kayeli Bay, Indonesia. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(1), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.603602
  • El Baz, S. M., & Khalil, M. M. (2018). Assessment of trace metals contamination in the coastal sediments of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 143, 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.03.029
  • El Nemr, A., El-Said, G. F., Ragab, S., Khaled, A., & El-Sikaily, A. (2016). The distribution, contamination and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment and shellfish from the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Chemosphere, 165, 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.048
  • Elderwish, N. M., Taştan, Y., & Sönmez, A. Y. (2019). Türkiye’nin batı Karadeniz kıyı sularındaki ağır metal birikiminin mevsimsel olarak incelenmesi [Seasonal investigation of heavy metal accumulation in waters of western Black Sea coasts of Turkey]. Menba Kastamonu Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 1-8.
  • El-Sorogy, A., Al-Kahtany, A., Youssef, M., Al-Kahtany, F., & Al-Malky, M. (2018). Distribution and metal contamination in the coastal sediments of Dammam Al-Jubail area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128, 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.066
  • Freedman, B. (1989). Environmental ecology: The impacts of pollution and other stresses on ecosystem structure and function. Academic Press, Inc.
  • Gümgüm, B., Ünlü, E., Tez, Z., & Gülsün, Z. (1994). Heavy metal pollution in water, sediment and fish from the Tigris River in Turkey. Chemosphere, 29(1), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(94)90094-9
  • Güven, K., Özbay, C., Ünlü, E., & Satar, A. (1999). Acute lethal toxicity and accumulation of copper in Gammarus pulex (L.) (Amphipoda). Turkish Journal of Biology, 23, 513–521.
  • Harms, U. (1975). The levels of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg) in fish from onshore and offshore waters of the German Bight. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 157(3), 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01140285
  • Hwang, D. W., Kim, S. G., Choi, M., Lee, I. S., Kim, S. S., & Choi, H. G. (2016). Monitoring of trace metals in coastal sediments around Korean Peninsula. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 102(1), 230-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.045
  • Jefferies, D. J. (1984). Chemical analysis of some coarse fish from a Suffolk River carried out as part of the preparation for the first release of captive-bred otters.
  • Jiang, H., Tang, S., Qin, D., Chen, Z., Wang, J., Bai, S., & Mou, Z. (2015). Heavy metals in sea cucumber juveniles from coastal areas of Bohai and Yellow Seas, North China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 94(5), 577-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1432-1
  • Jinadasa, B. K. K. K., Samanthi, R. I., & Wicramsinghe, I. (2014). Trace metal accumulation in tissue of sea cucumber species; North-Western Sea of Sri Lanka. American Journal of Public Health Research, 2(5A), 1-5.
  • Karthikeyan, P., Vennila, G., Nanthakumar, G., & Aswini, M. (2020). Dataset for spatial distribution and pollution indices of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Emerald Lake, Tamil Nadu, India. Data in Brief, 28, 104877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104877
  • Keshta, A. E., Shaltout, K. H., Baldwin, A. H., Sharaf El-Din, A. A. (2020). Sediment clays are trapping heavy metals in urban lakes: An indicator for severe industrial and agricultural influence on coastal wetlands at the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151, 110816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110816
  • Lee, Y. H., & Stuebing, R. B. (1990). Heavy metal contamination in the River Toad, Bufo juxtasper (Inger), near a copper mine in East Malaysia. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 45(2), 272–279. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01700195
  • Lim, D., Choi, J., Shin, H. H., Jeong, D. H., & Jung, H. S. (2013). Toxicological impact assessment of heavy metal contamination on macrobenthic communities in southern coastal sediments of Korea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 73(1), 362-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.037
  • Liu, J. J., Ni, Z. X., Diao, Z. H., Hu, Y. X., & Xu, X. R. (2018). Contamination level, chemical fraction and ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments from Daya Bay, South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 128, 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.021
  • Mohsen, M., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Sun, L., Lin, C., & Yang, H. (2019). Heavy metals in sediment, microplastic and sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus from farms in China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 143, 42-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.025
  • Morgano, M. A., Rabonato, L. C., Milani, R. F., Miyagusku, L., & Balian, S. C. (2011). Assessment of trace elements in fishes of Japanese foods marketed in São Paulo (Brazil). Food Control, 22(5), 778-785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.016
  • Morillo, J., Usero, J., & Gracia, I. (2004). Heavy metal distribution in marine sediments from the southwest coast of Spain. Chemosphere, 55(3), 431-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.10.047
  • Öztürk, M., Özözen, G., Minareci, O., & Minareci, E. (2009). Determination of heavy metals in fish, water and sediments of Avsar Dam Lake in Turkey. Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 6(2), 73-80.
  • Pérez, S., Sánchez-Marín, P., Bellas, J., Viñas, L., Besada, V., & Fernández, N. (2019). Limpets (Patella spp. Mollusca, Gastropoda) as model organisms for biomonitoring environmental quality. Ecological Indicators, 101, 150-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.01.016
  • Qu, B., Song, J., Yuan, H., Li, X., Li, N., & Duan, L. (2018). Intensive anthropogenic activities had affected Daya Bay in South China Sea since the 1980s: Evidence from heavy metal contamination. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 135, 318-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.011
  • Reddy, M. S., Basha, S., Joshi, H. V., & Ramachandraiah, G. (2005). Seasonal distribution and contamination levels of total PHCs, PAHs and heavy metals in coastal waters of the Alang-Sosiya ship scrapping yard, Gulf of Cambay, India. Chemosphere, 61(11), 1587-1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.093
  • Saher, N. U., & Siddique, A. S. (2019). Occurrence of heavy metals in sediments and their bioaccumulation in sentinel crab (Macrophthalmus depressus) from highly impacted coastal zone. Chemosphere, 221, 89-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.008
  • Sönmez, A. Y., Karataş, M., Arslan, G., & Aras, M. S. (2021). Sular bilgisi (2nd ed.). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Sönmez, A. Y., Yağanoğlu, A. M., Arslan, G., & Hisar, O. (2012). Metals in two species of fish in Karasu river. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 89(6), 1190-1195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0841-2
  • Tahiluddin, A. B., Nuñal, S. N., Luhan, M. R. J., & Santander–de Leon, S. M. S. (2021). Vibrio and heterotrophic marine bacteria composition and abundance in nutrient-enriched Kappaphycus striatus. Philippine Journal of Science, 150(6B), 1751-1763.
  • Tian, K., Wu, Q., Liu, P., Hu, W., Huang, B., Shi, B., Zhou, Y., Kwon, B., Choi, K., Ryu, J., & Khim, J. (2020). Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments and water from the coastal areas of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Environment International, 136, 105512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105512
  • Wang, X., Fu, R., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Lu, M., Xiao, K., Zhang, X., Zheng, C., & Xiong, Y. (2020). Heavy metal contamination in surface sediments: A comprehensive, large-scale evaluation for the Bohai Sea, China. Environmental Pollution, 260, 113986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113986
  • Webb, A. L., Hughes, K. A., Grand, M. M., Lohan, M. C., & Peck, L. S. (2020). Sources of elevated heavy metal concentrations in sediment and benthic marine invertebrates of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Science of The Total Environment, 698, 134268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134268
  • Yan, Y., Han, L., Yu, R., Hu, G., Zhang, W., Cui, J., Yan, Y., & Hung, H. (2020). Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. Catena, 187, 104322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104322
  • Zhang, L., Shi, Z., Zhang, J., Jiang, Z., Wang, F., & Huang, X. (2015). Spatial and seasonal characteristics of dissolved heavy metals in the east and west Guangdong coastal waters, South China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 95(1), 419-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.035
  • Zhao, Y., Xu, M., Liu, Q., Wang, Z., Zhao, L., & Chen, Y. (2018). Study of heavy metal pollution, ecological risk and source apportionment in the surface water and sediment of the Jiangsu coastal region, China: A case study of the Sheyang Estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 137, 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.044
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Su Kaynakları ve Su Yapıları
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ainulyakin Imlanı 0000-0002-6123-4711

Yiğit Taştan 0000-0002-6782-1597

Albaris Tahıluddın 0000-0002-3237-3552

Soner Bilen 0000-0001-9459-8178

Yashier U. Jumah Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8526-5160

Adem Yavuz Sönmez 0000-0002-7043-1987

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Şubat 2022
Kabul Tarihi 24 Şubat 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Imlanı, A., Taştan, Y., Tahıluddın, A., Bilen, S., vd. (2022). Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 11(1), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1070711
AMA Imlanı A, Taştan Y, Tahıluddın A, Bilen S, Jumah YU, Sönmez AY. Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. Mart 2022;11(1):113-122. doi:10.33714/masteb.1070711
Chicago Imlanı, Ainulyakin, Yiğit Taştan, Albaris Tahıluddın, Soner Bilen, Yashier U. Jumah, ve Adem Yavuz Sönmez. “Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 11, sy. 1 (Mart 2022): 113-22. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1070711.
EndNote Imlanı A, Taştan Y, Tahıluddın A, Bilen S, Jumah YU, Sönmez AY (01 Mart 2022) Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 11 1 113–122.
IEEE A. Imlanı, Y. Taştan, A. Tahıluddın, S. Bilen, Y. U. Jumah, ve A. Y. Sönmez, “Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines”, Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull., c. 11, sy. 1, ss. 113–122, 2022, doi: 10.33714/masteb.1070711.
ISNAD Imlanı, Ainulyakin vd. “Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 11/1 (Mart 2022), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1070711.
JAMA Imlanı A, Taştan Y, Tahıluddın A, Bilen S, Jumah YU, Sönmez AY. Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2022;11:113–122.
MLA Imlanı, Ainulyakin vd. “Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, c. 11, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 113-22, doi:10.33714/masteb.1070711.
Vancouver Imlanı A, Taştan Y, Tahıluddın A, Bilen S, Jumah YU, Sönmez AY. Preliminary Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment, Water, and Some Macroinvertebrates in Tawi-Tawi Bay, Philippines. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2022;11(1):113-22.

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