Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive

Yavuz Mazlum; Metin Yazıcı; Selin Sayın; Oğulcan Habiboğlu; Sinem Uğur

doi:10.33714/masteb.820627

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 154 - 162, 05.06.2021

Yavuz Mazlum Metin Yazıcı Selin Sayın Oğulcan Habiboğlu Sinem Uğur

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.820627

Cited By: 6

Öz

Kaynakça

Abdel-Warith, A. W., Younis, E-S. M. I. & Al-Asgah, N. A. (2016). Potential use of green macroalgae Ulva lactuca as a feed supplement in diets on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(3): 404-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.11.010
Al-Asgah, N. A., Younis, E-S. M., Abdel-Warith, A-W. A. & Shamlol, F. S. (2016). Evaluation of red seaweed Gracilaria arcuata as dietary ingredient in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(2): 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.11.006
Ashour, M., Mabrouk, M. M., Ayoub, H. F., El-Feky, M. M., Zaki, S. Z., Hoseinifar, S. H., Rossi Jr., W., Van Doan, H., El-Haroun, E. & Goda, A. M. A-S. (2020). Effect of dietary seaweed extract supplementation on growth, feed utilization, hematological indices, and non-specific immunity of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Applied Phycology, 32, 3467–3479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02178-1
Azaza, M. S., Mensi, F., Ksouri, J., Dhraief, M. N., Brini, B., Abdelmouleh, A. & Kraïem, M. M. (2008). Growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed with diets containing graded levels of green algae ulva meal (Ulva rigida) reared in geothermal waters of southern Tunisia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 24(2): 202–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.01017.x
Bligh, E. G. & Dyer, W. J. (1959). A rapid method for total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal Biochemistry and Physiology, 37(8): 911-917. https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099
Buschmann, A. H., Camus, C., Infante, J., Neori, A., Israel, Á., Hernández-González, M. C., Pereda, S. V., Gomez-Pinchetti, J. L., Golberg, A. & Tadmor-Shalev, N. (2017). Seaweed production: Overview of the global state of exploitation, farming and emerging research activity. European Journal of Phycology, 52: 391–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1365175
Cárdenas, J. V., Gálvez, A. O., Brito, L. O., Galarza, E. V., Pitta, D. C. & Rubin, V. V. (2015). Assessment of different levels of green and brown seaweed meal in experimental diets for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone) in recirculating aquaculture system. Aquaculture International, 23(6): 1491–1504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9899-2
Correia, A. M. (2002). Niche breadth and trophic diversity: feeding behaviour of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) towards environmental availability of aquatic macro invertebrates in a rice field (Portugal). Acta Oecologica, 23: 421–429.
Diler, I., Tekinay, A., Güroy, D., Güroy, B. & Soyuturk, M. (2007). Effects of Ulva rigida on the growth, feed intake and body composition of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 7: 305–308. https://doi.org/10.3923/İBS.2007.305.308
Dumas, J. B. A. (1831). Procedes de I’ analyse organique. Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 247: 198-213.
Elmorshedy, I. (2010). Using of algae and seaweeds in the diets of marine fish larvae. MSc. Thesis, Alexandria University, Saba Bacha, Egypt.
El-Tawil, N. E. (2010). Effects of green seaweeds (Ulva sp.) as feed supplements in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) diet on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition. Journal of Arabian Aquaculture Society, 5: 179-193.
Emre, Y., Ergün, S., Kurtoğlu, A., Güroy, B. & Güroy, D. (2013). Effects of ulva meal on growth performance of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) at different levels of dietary lipid. Turkish Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science, 13: 841-846.
Ergun, S., Soyuturk, M., Guroy, B., Guroy, D. & Merrifield, D. (2009). Influence of Ulva meal on growth, feed utilization, and body composition of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at two levels of dietary lipid. Aquaculture International, 17: 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9207-5
FAO. (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fishery and aquaculture statistics. Global production by production source, 1950–2015 (Fish Stat J). Updated 2017. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/global-aquacultureproduction/query/es (accessed on 18 April 2017).
FAO. (2018). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The global status of seaweed production, trade and utilization. Globefish research Programme volume 124. Rome, Italy
Felix, N. & Brindo, R. A. (2014). Evaluation of raw and fermented seaweed, Ulva lactuca as feed ingredient in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. International Journal of Fish Aquaculture Studies, 1: 199-204.
Ferdouse, F., Holdt, S. L., Smith, R., Murúa, P. & Yang, Z. (2018). The global status of seaweed production, trade and utilization. FAO Globefish Research Programme, 124: 120.
García-Casal, M. N., Pereira, A. C., Leets, I., Ramírez, J. & Quiroga, M. F. (2007). High iron content and bioavailability in humans from four species of marine algae. The Journal of Nutrition, 137(12): 2691–2695. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.12.2691
García-Poza, S., Leandro, A., Cotas, C., Cotas, J., Marques, J. C., Pereira, L. & Gonçalves, A. M. M. (2020). The evolution road of seaweed aquaculture: Cultivation technologies and the industry 4.0. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18): 6528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186528
Golberg, A., Zollmann, M., Prabhu, M. & Palatnik, R. R. (2020). Enabling bioeconomy with offshore macroalgae biorefineries (pp. 173–200). In: Keswani, C. (Ed.), Bioeconomy for sustainable development. Singapore: Springer.
Güroy, B., Ergün, S., Merrifield, D. L. & Güroy, D. (2013). Effect of autoclaved Ulva meal on growth performance, nutrient utilization and fatty acid profile of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture International, 21: 605–615.
Güroy, B. K., Cirik, Ş., Güroy, D., Sanver, F. & Tekinay, A. A. (2007). Effects of Ulva rigida and Cystoseira barbata meals as a feed additive on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 31: 91–97.
Kamunde, C., Sappal, R. & Melegy, T. M. (2019). Brown seaweed (Aqua Arom) supplementation increases food intake and improves growth, antioxidant status and resistance to temperature stress in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. PLOS ONE, 14(7), e0219792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219792
Lodge, D. M., Deines, A., Gherardi, F., Yeo, D. C. J., Arcella, T., Baldridge, A. K., Barnes, M. A., Chadderton, W. L., Feder, J. L., Gantz, C. A., Howard, G. W., Jerde, C. L., Peters, B. W., Peters, J. A., Sargent, L. W., Turner, C. R., Wittmann, M. E. & Zeng, Y. (2012). Global introductions of crayfishes: evaluating the impact of species invasions on ecosystem services. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 43: 449–472.
Marinho, G., Nunes, C., Sousa-Pinto, I., Pereira, R., Rema, P. & Valente, L. M. P. (2013). The IMTA-cultivated Chlorophyta Ulva spp. as a sustainable ingredient in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Journal of Applied Phycology, 25: 1359–1367.
Mazlum, Y. & Eversole, A. G. (2004). Observations on the life cycle of Procambarus acutus acutus in South Carolina culture ponds. Aquaculture, 238(1-4): 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.028
Mazlum, Y. & Eversole, A. G. (2005). Growth and survival of Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard, 1852) and P. clarkii (Girard, 1852) in competitive settings. Aquaculture Research, 36(6): 537–545. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01250.x
Mazlum, Y. & Şirin, S. (2020). The effects of using different levels of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on growth, survival, molting frequency and body composıtion of freshwater crayfısh juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 23(2): 506-514. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826
Mazlum, Y. & Yılmaz, E. (2012). Kerevitlerin Biyolojisi ve Yetiştiriciliği. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Yayınları, Hatay, 120 p.
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Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 154 - 162, 05.06.2021

Yavuz Mazlum Metin Yazıcı Selin Sayın Oğulcan Habiboğlu Sinem Uğur

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.820627

Cited By: 6

Öz

The effects of dietary supplementation of two different macroalgae Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens on the growth performance, survival and feed conversion ratio of juvenile red swamp crayfish juvenile (Procambarus clarkii) were investigated. Red swamp crayfish with an average total length of 56.2±6.67 mm and an average weight of 3.77±0.2 g were placed at tanks (10 crayfish at each tank) and offered diets 8 weeks. Different levels of macroalgae were added to commercial sea bass feed, and no seaweed was used as a control group. It was observed that crayfish fed with 10% feed had higher growth performance (in terms of length and weight) than those fed with 15% diet and control group (P<0.05). The lowest feed conversion rate was observed in juvenile crayfish fed with 15% feed (P<0.05). The highest survival rate was 50.0% at group fed with 15% feed, followed by 46.66% (control group) and 43.33% (10% diet groups), respectively. This study showed that there was no statistical difference in survival rate among treatment groups (P>0.05). However, the frequency of molting was mostly observed in the group fed with 10% diet. Therefore, the results showed that seaweed (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) could be used as a supplement for red swamp crayfish diet (Procambarus clarkii) at 10% to improve growth performance with no adverse effects on feed efficiency or survival rate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, Seaweed, Ulva lactuca, Jania rubens, Growth performance, Survival

Kaynakça

Abdel-Warith, A. W., Younis, E-S. M. I. & Al-Asgah, N. A. (2016). Potential use of green macroalgae Ulva lactuca as a feed supplement in diets on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(3): 404-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.11.010
Al-Asgah, N. A., Younis, E-S. M., Abdel-Warith, A-W. A. & Shamlol, F. S. (2016). Evaluation of red seaweed Gracilaria arcuata as dietary ingredient in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(2): 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.11.006
Ashour, M., Mabrouk, M. M., Ayoub, H. F., El-Feky, M. M., Zaki, S. Z., Hoseinifar, S. H., Rossi Jr., W., Van Doan, H., El-Haroun, E. & Goda, A. M. A-S. (2020). Effect of dietary seaweed extract supplementation on growth, feed utilization, hematological indices, and non-specific immunity of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Applied Phycology, 32, 3467–3479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02178-1
Azaza, M. S., Mensi, F., Ksouri, J., Dhraief, M. N., Brini, B., Abdelmouleh, A. & Kraïem, M. M. (2008). Growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed with diets containing graded levels of green algae ulva meal (Ulva rigida) reared in geothermal waters of southern Tunisia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 24(2): 202–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.01017.x
Bligh, E. G. & Dyer, W. J. (1959). A rapid method for total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal Biochemistry and Physiology, 37(8): 911-917. https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099
Buschmann, A. H., Camus, C., Infante, J., Neori, A., Israel, Á., Hernández-González, M. C., Pereda, S. V., Gomez-Pinchetti, J. L., Golberg, A. & Tadmor-Shalev, N. (2017). Seaweed production: Overview of the global state of exploitation, farming and emerging research activity. European Journal of Phycology, 52: 391–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2017.1365175
Cárdenas, J. V., Gálvez, A. O., Brito, L. O., Galarza, E. V., Pitta, D. C. & Rubin, V. V. (2015). Assessment of different levels of green and brown seaweed meal in experimental diets for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone) in recirculating aquaculture system. Aquaculture International, 23(6): 1491–1504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9899-2
Correia, A. M. (2002). Niche breadth and trophic diversity: feeding behaviour of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) towards environmental availability of aquatic macro invertebrates in a rice field (Portugal). Acta Oecologica, 23: 421–429.
Diler, I., Tekinay, A., Güroy, D., Güroy, B. & Soyuturk, M. (2007). Effects of Ulva rigida on the growth, feed intake and body composition of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 7: 305–308. https://doi.org/10.3923/İBS.2007.305.308
Dumas, J. B. A. (1831). Procedes de I’ analyse organique. Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 247: 198-213.
Elmorshedy, I. (2010). Using of algae and seaweeds in the diets of marine fish larvae. MSc. Thesis, Alexandria University, Saba Bacha, Egypt.
El-Tawil, N. E. (2010). Effects of green seaweeds (Ulva sp.) as feed supplements in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) diet on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition. Journal of Arabian Aquaculture Society, 5: 179-193.
Emre, Y., Ergün, S., Kurtoğlu, A., Güroy, B. & Güroy, D. (2013). Effects of ulva meal on growth performance of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) at different levels of dietary lipid. Turkish Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science, 13: 841-846.
Ergun, S., Soyuturk, M., Guroy, B., Guroy, D. & Merrifield, D. (2009). Influence of Ulva meal on growth, feed utilization, and body composition of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at two levels of dietary lipid. Aquaculture International, 17: 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9207-5
FAO. (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fishery and aquaculture statistics. Global production by production source, 1950–2015 (Fish Stat J). Updated 2017. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/global-aquacultureproduction/query/es (accessed on 18 April 2017).
FAO. (2018). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The global status of seaweed production, trade and utilization. Globefish research Programme volume 124. Rome, Italy
Felix, N. & Brindo, R. A. (2014). Evaluation of raw and fermented seaweed, Ulva lactuca as feed ingredient in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. International Journal of Fish Aquaculture Studies, 1: 199-204.
Ferdouse, F., Holdt, S. L., Smith, R., Murúa, P. & Yang, Z. (2018). The global status of seaweed production, trade and utilization. FAO Globefish Research Programme, 124: 120.
García-Casal, M. N., Pereira, A. C., Leets, I., Ramírez, J. & Quiroga, M. F. (2007). High iron content and bioavailability in humans from four species of marine algae. The Journal of Nutrition, 137(12): 2691–2695. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.12.2691
García-Poza, S., Leandro, A., Cotas, C., Cotas, J., Marques, J. C., Pereira, L. & Gonçalves, A. M. M. (2020). The evolution road of seaweed aquaculture: Cultivation technologies and the industry 4.0. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18): 6528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186528
Golberg, A., Zollmann, M., Prabhu, M. & Palatnik, R. R. (2020). Enabling bioeconomy with offshore macroalgae biorefineries (pp. 173–200). In: Keswani, C. (Ed.), Bioeconomy for sustainable development. Singapore: Springer.
Güroy, B., Ergün, S., Merrifield, D. L. & Güroy, D. (2013). Effect of autoclaved Ulva meal on growth performance, nutrient utilization and fatty acid profile of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture International, 21: 605–615.
Güroy, B. K., Cirik, Ş., Güroy, D., Sanver, F. & Tekinay, A. A. (2007). Effects of Ulva rigida and Cystoseira barbata meals as a feed additive on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, 31: 91–97.
Kamunde, C., Sappal, R. & Melegy, T. M. (2019). Brown seaweed (Aqua Arom) supplementation increases food intake and improves growth, antioxidant status and resistance to temperature stress in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. PLOS ONE, 14(7), e0219792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219792
Lodge, D. M., Deines, A., Gherardi, F., Yeo, D. C. J., Arcella, T., Baldridge, A. K., Barnes, M. A., Chadderton, W. L., Feder, J. L., Gantz, C. A., Howard, G. W., Jerde, C. L., Peters, B. W., Peters, J. A., Sargent, L. W., Turner, C. R., Wittmann, M. E. & Zeng, Y. (2012). Global introductions of crayfishes: evaluating the impact of species invasions on ecosystem services. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 43: 449–472.
Marinho, G., Nunes, C., Sousa-Pinto, I., Pereira, R., Rema, P. & Valente, L. M. P. (2013). The IMTA-cultivated Chlorophyta Ulva spp. as a sustainable ingredient in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Journal of Applied Phycology, 25: 1359–1367.
Mazlum, Y. & Eversole, A. G. (2004). Observations on the life cycle of Procambarus acutus acutus in South Carolina culture ponds. Aquaculture, 238(1-4): 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.05.028
Mazlum, Y. & Eversole, A. G. (2005). Growth and survival of Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard, 1852) and P. clarkii (Girard, 1852) in competitive settings. Aquaculture Research, 36(6): 537–545. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01250.x
Mazlum, Y. & Şirin, S. (2020). The effects of using different levels of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on growth, survival, molting frequency and body composıtion of freshwater crayfısh juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 23(2): 506-514. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826
Mazlum, Y. & Yılmaz, E. (2012). Kerevitlerin Biyolojisi ve Yetiştiriciliği. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Yayınları, Hatay, 120 p.
Morais, T., Inácio, A., Coutinho, T., Ministro, M., Cotas, J., Pereira, L. & Bahcevandziev, K. (2020). Seaweed potential in the animal feed: A review. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8(8): 559. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080559
Moutinho, S., Linares, F., Rodríguez, J. L., Sousa, V. & Valente, L. M. P. (2018). Inclusion of 10% seaweed meal in diets for juvenile and on-growing life stages of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). Journal of Applied Phycology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-018-1482-6
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Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Hidrobiyoloji
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Yavuz Mazlum 0000-0002-9547-0966 Metin Yazıcı 0000-0002-7011-886X Selin Sayın 0000-0002-7497-388X Oğulcan Habiboğlu 0000-0002-8974-2777 Sinem Uğur 0000-0003-4309-7415
Yayımlanma Tarihi	5 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi	3 Kasım 2020
Kabul Tarihi	29 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Mazlum, Y., Yazıcı, M., Sayın, S., Habiboğlu, O., vd. (2021). Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(2), 154-162. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.820627
AMA	Mazlum Y, Yazıcı M, Sayın S, Habiboğlu O, Uğur S. Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. Haziran 2021;10(2):154-162. doi:10.33714/masteb.820627
Chicago	Mazlum, Yavuz, Metin Yazıcı, Selin Sayın, Oğulcan Habiboğlu, ve Sinem Uğur. “Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva Lactuca and Jania Rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) As Feed Additive”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 10, sy. 2 (Haziran 2021): 154-62. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.820627.
EndNote	Mazlum Y, Yazıcı M, Sayın S, Habiboğlu O, Uğur S (01 Haziran 2021) Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 10 2 154–162.
IEEE	Y. Mazlum, M. Yazıcı, S. Sayın, O. Habiboğlu, ve S. Uğur, “Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive”, Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull., c. 10, sy. 2, ss. 154–162, 2021, doi: 10.33714/masteb.820627.
ISNAD	Mazlum, Yavuz vd. “Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva Lactuca and Jania Rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) As Feed Additive”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 10/2 (Haziran 2021), 154-162. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.820627.
JAMA	Mazlum Y, Yazıcı M, Sayın S, Habiboğlu O, Uğur S. Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2021;10:154–162.
MLA	Mazlum, Yavuz vd. “Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva Lactuca and Jania Rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkii) As Feed Additive”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, c. 10, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 154-62, doi:10.33714/masteb.820627.
Vancouver	Mazlum Y, Yazıcı M, Sayın S, Habiboğlu O, Uğur S. Effects of Two Different Macroalgae (Ulva lactuca and Jania rubens) Species on Growth and Survival of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) as Feed Additive. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2021;10(2):154-62.