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An Empirical Comparison of Sex Ratio, Condition Factor, and Length–Weight Relationships in Commercial Catch of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel from the Sea of Marmara, the Middle and Eastern Black Sea

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 492 - 499, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1348554

Öz

Fish length–weight relationships are essential for estimating biomass and assessing fish population health, typically showing low variation within and between neighbouring stocks. This study investigates the length–weight relationships of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) collected from the Sea of Marmara, the Middle Black Sea, and the Eastern Black Sea during 2022. In addition, the study assessed the sex ratio and Fulton’s condition factor (kc) of Mediterranean horse mackerel at each station, alongside an examination of length frequency samples, providing a comprehensive analysis. The one-way ANCOVA analysis showed no significant differences in length–weight regression between the sexes. However, it identified a considerable area effect, with samples from the Sea of Marmara significantly differing from those in the Middle Black Sea and Eastern Black Sea. The fish samples from the latter areas displayed moderate length–weight variation, which was close to the significance threshold with a P-value of 0.069. The growth pattern of Mediterranean horse mackerel consistently exhibited negative allometry across all sampled areas for both males and females, except for female Mediterranean horse mackerel from the Middle Black Sea, which tended to follow an isometric growth pattern. This study revealed consistent results within neighbouring areas (Middle Black Sea and Eastern Black Sea) and significant variations when comparing the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara Mediterranean horse mackerel, highlighting notable large-scale spatial trends.

Kaynakça

  • Anna, L. M., Sauger, C. & Dubroca, L. (2022). Fish gonads’ photography protocol. Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, IFREMER, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Port-en-Bessin, 14520 Port-en-BessinHuppain, France., 1-11.
  • Bopp, L., Resplandy, L., Orr, J. C., Doney, S. C., Dunne, J. P., Gehlen, M., Halloran, P., Heinze, C., Ilyina, T., Seferian, R., Tjiputra, J. & Vichi, M. (2013). Multiple stressors of ocean ecosystems in the 21st century: projections with CMIP5 models. Biogeosciences, 10(10), 6225-6245. DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-6225-2013
  • Bostanci, D. (2009). Sarıkuyruk İstavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)'un Otolit Özellikleri ve Bazı Populasyon Parametreleri. Firat University Journal of Science, 21(1).
  • Brander, K. (2010). Impacts of climate change on fisheries. Journal of Marine Systems, 79(3-4), 389-402. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.015
  • Bricaud, A., Bosc, E. & Antoine, D. (2002). Algal biomass and sea surface temperature in the Mediterranean Basin - Intercomparison of data from various satellite sensors, and implications for primary production estimates. Remote Sensing of Environment, 81(2-3), 163-178. DOI: 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00335-2
  • Brodziak, J. & Mikus, R. (2000). Variation in life history parameters of Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus, off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and northern California. Fishery Bulletin, 98(4), 661- 673.
  • Cheung, W.W., Watson, R. & Pauly, D. (2013). Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature, 497(7449), 365-368. DOI: 110.1038/nature12156
  • Cilbiz, M. & Yabim, F. B. (2017). Growth, Mortality, Recruitment and Yield of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792 in Karacaoren-I Dam Lake, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(3), 825-832. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.3.825.832
  • Cren, E.D.L. (1951). The Length-Weight Relationship and Seasonal Cycle in Gonad Weight and Condition in the Perch (Perca fluviatilis). The Journal of Animal Ecology, 20(2), 201-219. DOI: 10.2307/1540
  • Dürrani, Ö., Ateşşahin, T., Eroğlu, M. & Düşükcan, M. (2022). Morphological variations of an invasive cyprinid fish (Carassius gibelio) in lentic and lotic environments inferred from the body, otolith, and scale shapes. Acta Zoologica, 104(3), 458-472. DOI: 10.1111/azo.12431
  • Durrani, O., Bal, H., Battal, Z.S. & Seyhan, K. (2022). Using otolith and body shape to discriminate between stocks of European anchovy (Engraulidae: Engraulis encrasicolus) from the Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas. Journal of Fish Biology, 101(6), 1452-1465. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15216
  • FAO. (2023). Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global capture production 1950-2019 (FishstatJ). In: FAO Fisheries Division [online]. Rome. Updated 2021.
  • www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en. Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weightlength relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241-253. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
  • Froese, R., Papaioannou, E. & Scotti, M. (2022). Climate change or mismanagement? Environmental Biology of Fishes, 105(10), 1363-1380. DOI: 10.1007/s10641-021-01209-1
  • Fulton, T.W. (1911). In: The sovereignty of the sea: An historical account of the claims of England to the dominion of the British seas, and of the evolution of the territorial waters (p. 799). Edinburgh, London: W. Blackwood.
  • Gerritsen, H.D. & McGrath, D. (2007). Significant differences in the length-weight relationships of neighbouring stocks can result in biased biomass estimates: Examples of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus, L.) and whiting (Merlangius merlangus, L.). Fisheries Research, 85(1-2), 106-111. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2007.01.004
  • Ginzburg, A.I., Kostianoy, A.G. & Sheremet, N.A. (2004). Seasonal and interannual variability of the Black Sea surface temperature as revealed from satellite data (1982-2000). Journal of Marine Systems, 52(1-4), 33-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2004.05.002
  • Griffiths, A., Miller, J., Suzuki, D., Lewontin, R. & Gelbart, W. (2000). An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. Seventh Edition. New York: W. H. Freeman.
  • ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). (2004). Report of the Working Group on the Assessment of Southern Shelf Demersal Stocks (WGSSDS). ICES, Oostende.
  • Joergensen, M. (2017). Fulton's condition factor calculator: A simple tool to calculate trout condition (K-factor), length or weight from the two other numbers. https://globalflyfisher.com/fish-better/fultonscondition-factor-calculator (Last accessed on 19 June 2023).
  • Karadurmuş, U. (2022). Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Sixteen Demersal Fish Species from the Southern part of the Marmara Sea, Turkey. Journal of Ichthyology, 62(4), 543- 551. DOI: 10.1134/s0032945222040105
  • Karadurmuş, U. & Sari, M. (2022). Marine mucilage in the Sea of Marmara and its effects on the marine ecosystem: mass deaths. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 46(1), 93-102.
  • Kasapoğlu, N. (2006). Doğu Karadeniz’deki İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) Balığının Stok Yapısı ve Populasyon Parametreleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Kim, H., Franco, A.C. & Sumaila, U.R. (2023). A Selected Review of Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fish and Fisheries. Fishes, 8(6), 316. DOI: 10.3390/fishes8060316.
  • Koç, H.T. & Erdoğan, Z. (2019). Marmara Denizi, Bandırma Körfezi sarıkuyruk istavrit [(Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)]’in bazı populasyon parametreleri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(1), 265-277.
  • Lázaro‐Nogal, A., Matesanz, S., Godoy, A., Pérez‐ Trautman, F., Gianoli, E. & Valladares, F. (2015). Environmental heterogeneity leads to higher plasticity in dry‐edge populations of a semi‐arid Chilean shrub: insights into climate change responses. Journal of Ecology, 103(2), 338-350.
  • Malinich, T.D. (2019). Intraspecific Variation in Freshwater Fishes; Insights into Trophic Relationships, Morphology and Bioaccumululation. Purdue University Graduate School.
  • Mazlum, R.E. & Turan, D. (2018). Length-Weight Relationship for Twelve Species of the Genus Salmo L., 1758 (Actinopterygii: Salmonidae) from Inland Waters of Turkey. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 70(3), 407-413.
  • Mel’nikova, E.B., Kuzminova, N.S. & Melnikov, A.V. (2023). Changes in the Reproductive Period of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel and BluntSnouted Mullet Living in the South-Western Crimean Shelf in 2016–2021. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences. DOI: 10.1007/s41208-023-00568-z
  • Nguyen, N.T., Ha, L.M., Nguyen, A.T., Chu, N.H., Tran, H.D., Nguyen, H.P. & Ta, T.T. (2023). Variation in the Allometry of Morphometric Characteristics, Growth, and Condition Factors of Wild Bostrychus sinensis (Butidae) in Northern Vietnam. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 55(2), 809-818. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20200917140936
  • Oschlies, A. (2021). A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2307. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Aksu, H. & Özdemir, Z.B. (2010). Determination of catch composition and length-weight relationship of some pelagic fishes caught by pairly midwater trawl. Journal of FisheriesSciences. com, 4(4), 427-436. DOI: 10.3153/jfscom.2010046
  • Piper, R.G. (1972). Managing hatcheries by the numbers. American Fishes and US Trout News, 17(3), 10- 25.
  • Poloczanska, E.S., Burrows, M.T., Brown, C.J., Molinos, J.G., Halpern, B.S., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kappel, C.V., Moore, P.J., Richardson, A.J., Schoeman, D.S., & Sydeman, W.J. (2016). Responses of Marine Organisms to Climate Change across Oceans. Frontiers in Marine Science, 3, 62. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00062
  • R Core Team. (2020). A language and environment for statistical computing. 2015. R foundation for statistical computation, Vienna, Austria. In. Şahin, C. & Ceylan, Y. (2023). Doğu Karadeniz’de İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868)) Balığının Yaş, Büyüme Parametreleri ve İlk Eşeysel Olgunluk Boyunun Belirlenmesi. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(1), 69-79. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.1218067
  • Samsun, O., Akyol, O. & Ceyhan, T. (2018). Mortalities and exploitation rate of mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Central Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 4(2), 139-145.
  • Santic, M., Pallaoro, A. & Jardas, I. (2006). Co-variation of gonadosomatic index and parameters of lengthweight relationships of Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868), in the eastern Adriatic Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(3), 214-217. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00735.x
  • Schmidtko, S., Stramma, L. & Visbeck, M. (2017). Decline in global oceanic oxygen content during the past five decades. Nature, 542(7641), 335- 339. DOI: 10.1038/nature21399
  • Schneider, J.C., Laarman, P. & Gowing, H. (2000). Length-weight relationships. Manual of fisheries survey methods II: with periodic updates. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Special Report, 25, 411-429.
  • TurkStat. (2022). Production quantity of sea fish, 2019, 2020. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Wheeler, A. (1987). Fishes of the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Nature, 326, p. 554. In: Nature Publishing Group Macmillan Building, 4 Crinan St, London N1 9xw, England.
  • Yankova, M. (2011). An overview on the distribution of horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus in the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Union of ScientistsVarna, Series,Technical Sciences

Marmara Denizi, Orta Karadeniz ve Doğu Karadeniz'den Ticari Av Kompozisyonundan Örneklenen İstavrit balığı (Trachurus mediterraneus)'nın Cinsiyet Oranı, Kondisyon Faktörü ve Boy–Ağırlık İlişkisinin Ampirik Karşılaştırması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 492 - 499, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1348554

Öz

Balıklarda boy–ağırlık ilişkileri balık popülasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi ve biyokütle tahmininde kullanılan bir parametre olup, genellikle yakın bölgelerde yaşayan balık stokları arasında düşük varyasyon gösterir. Bu çalışma, 2022 yılında Türkiye'den Marmara Denizi, Orta Karadeniz ve Doğu Karadeniz'den avlanan istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus) örneklerinin boy-ağırlık ilişkilerini incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu çalışma, her istasyondaki istavrit balığının cinsiyet oranını ve kondisyon faktörünü değerlendirerek boy-frekans analizleri yapılmıştır. Tek yönlü ANCOVA analizi, cinsiyetler arasında boy-ağırlık regresyonunda anlamlı farklılıklar olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak, bu çalışmada Marmara Denizi'nden alınan örneklerin Orta Karadeniz ve Doğu Karadeniz'den alınan örneklere göre farklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İkincil bölgelerden alınan balık örnekleri, anlamlılık eşiğine yakın olan 0,069 ile orta düzeyde boy–ağırlık varyasyonu sergilemiştir. İstavrit balığının büyüme deseni, erkekler ve dişiler için tüm örnek bölgelerinde tutarlı bir şekilde negatif alometrik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak Orta Karadeniz'den avlanan dişi örnekler izometrik bir büyüme tipinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, komşu bölgelerde (Orta Karadeniz ve Doğu Karadeniz) tutarlı sonuçlar ortaya koyarken, Karadeniz ve Marmara Denizi istavritleri karşılaştırıldığında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiş ve kayda değer büyük ölçekli mekânsal eğilimleri vurgulamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Anna, L. M., Sauger, C. & Dubroca, L. (2022). Fish gonads’ photography protocol. Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, IFREMER, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Port-en-Bessin, 14520 Port-en-BessinHuppain, France., 1-11.
  • Bopp, L., Resplandy, L., Orr, J. C., Doney, S. C., Dunne, J. P., Gehlen, M., Halloran, P., Heinze, C., Ilyina, T., Seferian, R., Tjiputra, J. & Vichi, M. (2013). Multiple stressors of ocean ecosystems in the 21st century: projections with CMIP5 models. Biogeosciences, 10(10), 6225-6245. DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-6225-2013
  • Bostanci, D. (2009). Sarıkuyruk İstavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)'un Otolit Özellikleri ve Bazı Populasyon Parametreleri. Firat University Journal of Science, 21(1).
  • Brander, K. (2010). Impacts of climate change on fisheries. Journal of Marine Systems, 79(3-4), 389-402. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.015
  • Bricaud, A., Bosc, E. & Antoine, D. (2002). Algal biomass and sea surface temperature in the Mediterranean Basin - Intercomparison of data from various satellite sensors, and implications for primary production estimates. Remote Sensing of Environment, 81(2-3), 163-178. DOI: 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00335-2
  • Brodziak, J. & Mikus, R. (2000). Variation in life history parameters of Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus, off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and northern California. Fishery Bulletin, 98(4), 661- 673.
  • Cheung, W.W., Watson, R. & Pauly, D. (2013). Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature, 497(7449), 365-368. DOI: 110.1038/nature12156
  • Cilbiz, M. & Yabim, F. B. (2017). Growth, Mortality, Recruitment and Yield of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792 in Karacaoren-I Dam Lake, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(3), 825-832. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.3.825.832
  • Cren, E.D.L. (1951). The Length-Weight Relationship and Seasonal Cycle in Gonad Weight and Condition in the Perch (Perca fluviatilis). The Journal of Animal Ecology, 20(2), 201-219. DOI: 10.2307/1540
  • Dürrani, Ö., Ateşşahin, T., Eroğlu, M. & Düşükcan, M. (2022). Morphological variations of an invasive cyprinid fish (Carassius gibelio) in lentic and lotic environments inferred from the body, otolith, and scale shapes. Acta Zoologica, 104(3), 458-472. DOI: 10.1111/azo.12431
  • Durrani, O., Bal, H., Battal, Z.S. & Seyhan, K. (2022). Using otolith and body shape to discriminate between stocks of European anchovy (Engraulidae: Engraulis encrasicolus) from the Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas. Journal of Fish Biology, 101(6), 1452-1465. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15216
  • FAO. (2023). Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global capture production 1950-2019 (FishstatJ). In: FAO Fisheries Division [online]. Rome. Updated 2021.
  • www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en. Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weightlength relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241-253. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
  • Froese, R., Papaioannou, E. & Scotti, M. (2022). Climate change or mismanagement? Environmental Biology of Fishes, 105(10), 1363-1380. DOI: 10.1007/s10641-021-01209-1
  • Fulton, T.W. (1911). In: The sovereignty of the sea: An historical account of the claims of England to the dominion of the British seas, and of the evolution of the territorial waters (p. 799). Edinburgh, London: W. Blackwood.
  • Gerritsen, H.D. & McGrath, D. (2007). Significant differences in the length-weight relationships of neighbouring stocks can result in biased biomass estimates: Examples of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus, L.) and whiting (Merlangius merlangus, L.). Fisheries Research, 85(1-2), 106-111. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2007.01.004
  • Ginzburg, A.I., Kostianoy, A.G. & Sheremet, N.A. (2004). Seasonal and interannual variability of the Black Sea surface temperature as revealed from satellite data (1982-2000). Journal of Marine Systems, 52(1-4), 33-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2004.05.002
  • Griffiths, A., Miller, J., Suzuki, D., Lewontin, R. & Gelbart, W. (2000). An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. Seventh Edition. New York: W. H. Freeman.
  • ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). (2004). Report of the Working Group on the Assessment of Southern Shelf Demersal Stocks (WGSSDS). ICES, Oostende.
  • Joergensen, M. (2017). Fulton's condition factor calculator: A simple tool to calculate trout condition (K-factor), length or weight from the two other numbers. https://globalflyfisher.com/fish-better/fultonscondition-factor-calculator (Last accessed on 19 June 2023).
  • Karadurmuş, U. (2022). Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Sixteen Demersal Fish Species from the Southern part of the Marmara Sea, Turkey. Journal of Ichthyology, 62(4), 543- 551. DOI: 10.1134/s0032945222040105
  • Karadurmuş, U. & Sari, M. (2022). Marine mucilage in the Sea of Marmara and its effects on the marine ecosystem: mass deaths. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 46(1), 93-102.
  • Kasapoğlu, N. (2006). Doğu Karadeniz’deki İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) Balığının Stok Yapısı ve Populasyon Parametreleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Kim, H., Franco, A.C. & Sumaila, U.R. (2023). A Selected Review of Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fish and Fisheries. Fishes, 8(6), 316. DOI: 10.3390/fishes8060316.
  • Koç, H.T. & Erdoğan, Z. (2019). Marmara Denizi, Bandırma Körfezi sarıkuyruk istavrit [(Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)]’in bazı populasyon parametreleri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(1), 265-277.
  • Lázaro‐Nogal, A., Matesanz, S., Godoy, A., Pérez‐ Trautman, F., Gianoli, E. & Valladares, F. (2015). Environmental heterogeneity leads to higher plasticity in dry‐edge populations of a semi‐arid Chilean shrub: insights into climate change responses. Journal of Ecology, 103(2), 338-350.
  • Malinich, T.D. (2019). Intraspecific Variation in Freshwater Fishes; Insights into Trophic Relationships, Morphology and Bioaccumululation. Purdue University Graduate School.
  • Mazlum, R.E. & Turan, D. (2018). Length-Weight Relationship for Twelve Species of the Genus Salmo L., 1758 (Actinopterygii: Salmonidae) from Inland Waters of Turkey. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 70(3), 407-413.
  • Mel’nikova, E.B., Kuzminova, N.S. & Melnikov, A.V. (2023). Changes in the Reproductive Period of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel and BluntSnouted Mullet Living in the South-Western Crimean Shelf in 2016–2021. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences. DOI: 10.1007/s41208-023-00568-z
  • Nguyen, N.T., Ha, L.M., Nguyen, A.T., Chu, N.H., Tran, H.D., Nguyen, H.P. & Ta, T.T. (2023). Variation in the Allometry of Morphometric Characteristics, Growth, and Condition Factors of Wild Bostrychus sinensis (Butidae) in Northern Vietnam. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 55(2), 809-818. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20200917140936
  • Oschlies, A. (2021). A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2307. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Aksu, H. & Özdemir, Z.B. (2010). Determination of catch composition and length-weight relationship of some pelagic fishes caught by pairly midwater trawl. Journal of FisheriesSciences. com, 4(4), 427-436. DOI: 10.3153/jfscom.2010046
  • Piper, R.G. (1972). Managing hatcheries by the numbers. American Fishes and US Trout News, 17(3), 10- 25.
  • Poloczanska, E.S., Burrows, M.T., Brown, C.J., Molinos, J.G., Halpern, B.S., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kappel, C.V., Moore, P.J., Richardson, A.J., Schoeman, D.S., & Sydeman, W.J. (2016). Responses of Marine Organisms to Climate Change across Oceans. Frontiers in Marine Science, 3, 62. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00062
  • R Core Team. (2020). A language and environment for statistical computing. 2015. R foundation for statistical computation, Vienna, Austria. In. Şahin, C. & Ceylan, Y. (2023). Doğu Karadeniz’de İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868)) Balığının Yaş, Büyüme Parametreleri ve İlk Eşeysel Olgunluk Boyunun Belirlenmesi. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(1), 69-79. DOI: 10.35229/jaes.1218067
  • Samsun, O., Akyol, O. & Ceyhan, T. (2018). Mortalities and exploitation rate of mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Central Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 4(2), 139-145.
  • Santic, M., Pallaoro, A. & Jardas, I. (2006). Co-variation of gonadosomatic index and parameters of lengthweight relationships of Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868), in the eastern Adriatic Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(3), 214-217. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00735.x
  • Schmidtko, S., Stramma, L. & Visbeck, M. (2017). Decline in global oceanic oxygen content during the past five decades. Nature, 542(7641), 335- 339. DOI: 10.1038/nature21399
  • Schneider, J.C., Laarman, P. & Gowing, H. (2000). Length-weight relationships. Manual of fisheries survey methods II: with periodic updates. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Special Report, 25, 411-429.
  • TurkStat. (2022). Production quantity of sea fish, 2019, 2020. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Wheeler, A. (1987). Fishes of the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Nature, 326, p. 554. In: Nature Publishing Group Macmillan Building, 4 Crinan St, London N1 9xw, England.
  • Yankova, M. (2011). An overview on the distribution of horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus in the Black Sea. Proceedings of the Union of ScientistsVarna, Series,Technical Sciences
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Balıkçılık Yönetimi, Sucul Kültür ve Balıkçılık Stok Değerlendirmesi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ömerhan Dürrani 0000-0003-1775-8662

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 20 Eylül 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ağustos 2023
Kabul Tarihi 11 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Dürrani, Ö. (2023). An Empirical Comparison of Sex Ratio, Condition Factor, and Length–Weight Relationships in Commercial Catch of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel from the Sea of Marmara, the Middle and Eastern Black Sea. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(3), 492-499. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1348554


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