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Determination of age, growth parameters and first sexual maturity length of horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the eastern Black Sea Region.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 69 - 79, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1218067

Öz

This study, which aims to determine some basic parameters of the horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) population in the Eastern Black Sea Region, was carried out between March 2017 and February 2018. As a result of 12-month sampling period, a total of 1533 horse mackerel were examined, the length range was found to be between 8.5 cm and 18.4 cm, and the average length was 11.87±1.323 cm. It was found that the total weight range was between 4.72-50.6 g, and the mean weight was as14.06±5.468 g. The length-weight relationship was found to be W=0,0063*L3,098. The sex ratio (female/male) was 50.23/49.77, and the χ2 test result revealed that the difference was insignificant. Horse mackerels were distributed between 0-V ages, growth parameters (all individuals) were L∞=20.42 cm, K=0.18, t0=-3.41, W∞=72.22 g and Ø=1.89 determined. The first sexual maturity length was calculated as (L50 = 10.98 cm) in all samples. Mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) were calculated as 1.22, 0.39, 0.83 and 0.68, respectively. In this context, it is thought that an over fishing is carried out that threatens the sustainability of horse mackerel stocks in the Eastern Black sea.

Kaynakça

  • Abaunza, P., Gordo, L., Karlou-Riga, C., Murta, A., Eltink, A.T.G.W., Garcia Santamaria, M.T., Zimmermann, C., Hammer, C., Lucio, P., Iversen, S. A., Molloy, J. & Gallo, E. (2003). Growth and reproduction of horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (carangidae). Reviews in Fish Biology & Fisheries, 13, 27-61. DOI: 10.1023/A:1026334532390.
  • Ağırbaş, E. & Çakıroğlu, A. M. (2021). Güney Karadeniz kıyıları deniz suyu yüzey sıcaklığının uzun dönemli değimi, Salihoğu, B. & Öztürk, B.(Ed), İklim değişikliği ve Türkiye denizleri üzerine etkileri,33-47, Türk Deniz Araştırmaları Vakfı, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE.
  • Ak, O., Selen, H., Genç, Y., Dağtekin, M., Zengin, M., Erbay, M., Atılgan, E., Başçınar, M. S., Mısır, S., Aydın, İ. & Serdar, S. (2015). Trabzon kıyılarında yumurtadan ergin bireye istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868): yaş, büyüme, ölüm oranları ve üreme. TAGEM/HAYSÜD /2011/09/02/07.
  • Akoğlu, E., Salihoglu, B., Libralato, S., Oğuz, T. & Solidoro, C. (2014). An indicator-based evaluation of Black Sea food web dynamics during 1960–2000. Journal of Marine Systems, 134, 113-125. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.02.010.
  • Allendorf, F.W. & Hard, J.J. (2009). Human-induced evolutioncaused by unnatural selection through harvest of wild animals. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences, 106, 9987-9994.
  • Atılgan, E., Başçınar, S.N. & Erbay, M. (2012). Doğu Karadeniz’deki istavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)’in otolit özellikleri ve bazı populasyon parametreleri. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 6(2), 114-124. DOI: 10.3153/jfscom.2012015.
  • Avşar, D. 2005. Balıkçılık biyolojisi ve popülasyon dinamiği, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Nobel Kitapevi, Adana, 332.
  • Aydın, M. & Karadurmuş, U. (2012). Age, growth, length-weİght relationship and reproduction of the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus Linnaeus, 1758) in Ordu (Black Sea). Ordu University, Journal of Science Technology, 2, 68- 77.
  • Bat, L., Sahin, F., Satılmıs, H.H., Ustun, F., Ozdemir, Z.B., Kideys, A.E. & Shulman, G.E., (2007). Karadeniz’in değişen ekosistemi ve hamsi balıkçılığına etkisi. Journal Fish Science, 1(4), 191-227.
  • Beverton, R.J.H. & Holt, S.J., (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations, UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, London, 560 s.
  • Blackwell, B.G., Brown, M.L. & Willis, D.W. (2000). Relative weight (wr) status and current use in fisheries assessment and management. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 8(1), 1-44. DOI: 10.1080/10641260091129161.
  • Bolger. T. & Connolly, P, L. (1989). The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. Journal of Fish Biology, 34,171- 182. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03300.x.
  • Brown-Peterson, N.J., Wyanski, D.M., Saborido-Rey, F., Macewicz, B.J. and Lowerre-Barbieri, S.K., 2011. A Standardized terminology for describing reproductive development in fishes, Marine and Coastal Fisheries, 3(1), 52-70. DOI: 10.1080/19425120.2011.555724.
  • Castañeda, J. C. R., Ventero, A., Márquez, M. G. G, & Iglesias, M. (2022). Spatial and temporal analysis (2009-2020) of the biological parameters, abundance and distribution of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Western Mediterranean. Fisheries Research, 256, 106483. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106483.
  • Chilton, D.E. & Beamis, R.J. (1982). Age determination methods for fishes studied by the groundfish program at the Pasific Biological Station. Canadian Speccial Publication Fishries & Aquatic Sciences, 60, 102.
  • Daskalov, G.M. (2002). Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 225, 53-63. DOI: 10.3354/meps225053.
  • Demirel, N. & Yüksek, A. (2012). Reproductive biology of Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae): a detailed study for the Marmara–Black Sea stock. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93(2), 357-364. DOI: 10.1017/S0025315412001014.
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği, Ondokuz Mayıs Üni, Yayın No:95, Samsun, 265 s.
  • Fontoura, N.F., Braun, A.S. & Milani, P.C.C. (2009). Estimating size at first maturity (L50) from gonadossomatic index (GSI) data. Neotropical Ichthyology, 7(2), 217-222. DOI: 10.1590/S1679- 62252009000200013.
  • Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight– length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241-253. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439- 0426.2006.00805.x.
  • Froese, R., Winker, H., Coro, G., Demirel, N., Tsikliras, A. C., Dimarchopoulou, D., Scarcella, G., Probst, W.N., Dureuil, M. & Pauly, D. (2018). A new approach for estimating stock status from length frequency data. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75(6), 2004-2015. DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsy078.
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  • Karlou-Riga, C. (2000). Otolith morphology and age and growth of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Fisheries Research, 46, 69-82. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00134-X.
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Doğu Karadeniz’de İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868)) Balığının Yaş, Büyüme Parametreleri ve İlk Eşeysel Olgunluk Boyunun Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 69 - 79, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1218067

Öz

Doğu Karadeniz’deki istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus) populasyonunun bazı temel parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanan bu çalışma, Mart 2017- Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. 12 aylık örnekleme sonucunda 1533 adet istavrit incelenmiş, boy aralığı 8,5 cm ile 18,4 cm arasında, ortalama boyun ise 11,87±1,323 cm olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Total ağırlığın 4,72-50,6 g arasında, ortalama ağırlığın ise 14,06±5,468 g olduğu bulunmuştur. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W=0,0063*L3,098 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Cinsiyet oranı (dişi/erkek) 50,23/49,77 olup, yapılan χ2 testi sonucu farkın önemiz olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. İstavritlerin 0-V yaş arsında dağılım gösterdiği, büyüme parametrelerin (tüm bireyler) L∞=20,42 cm, K=0,18, t0=-3,41, W∞=72,22 g ve Ø=1,89 olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm örneklerde ilk eşeysel olgunluk boyu (L50=10,98 cm) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Anlık ölüm (Z), doğal ölüm (M),balıkçılık ölüm oranı (F) ve işletme oranı (E) sırası ile 1,22, 0,39, 0,83 ve 0,68 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Doğu Karadeniz istavrit stoklarının sürdürülebilirliğini tehdit eden aşırı bir avcılık yürütüldüğü düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abaunza, P., Gordo, L., Karlou-Riga, C., Murta, A., Eltink, A.T.G.W., Garcia Santamaria, M.T., Zimmermann, C., Hammer, C., Lucio, P., Iversen, S. A., Molloy, J. & Gallo, E. (2003). Growth and reproduction of horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (carangidae). Reviews in Fish Biology & Fisheries, 13, 27-61. DOI: 10.1023/A:1026334532390.
  • Ağırbaş, E. & Çakıroğlu, A. M. (2021). Güney Karadeniz kıyıları deniz suyu yüzey sıcaklığının uzun dönemli değimi, Salihoğu, B. & Öztürk, B.(Ed), İklim değişikliği ve Türkiye denizleri üzerine etkileri,33-47, Türk Deniz Araştırmaları Vakfı, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE.
  • Ak, O., Selen, H., Genç, Y., Dağtekin, M., Zengin, M., Erbay, M., Atılgan, E., Başçınar, M. S., Mısır, S., Aydın, İ. & Serdar, S. (2015). Trabzon kıyılarında yumurtadan ergin bireye istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868): yaş, büyüme, ölüm oranları ve üreme. TAGEM/HAYSÜD /2011/09/02/07.
  • Akoğlu, E., Salihoglu, B., Libralato, S., Oğuz, T. & Solidoro, C. (2014). An indicator-based evaluation of Black Sea food web dynamics during 1960–2000. Journal of Marine Systems, 134, 113-125. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.02.010.
  • Allendorf, F.W. & Hard, J.J. (2009). Human-induced evolutioncaused by unnatural selection through harvest of wild animals. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences, 106, 9987-9994.
  • Atılgan, E., Başçınar, S.N. & Erbay, M. (2012). Doğu Karadeniz’deki istavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)’in otolit özellikleri ve bazı populasyon parametreleri. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 6(2), 114-124. DOI: 10.3153/jfscom.2012015.
  • Avşar, D. 2005. Balıkçılık biyolojisi ve popülasyon dinamiği, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Nobel Kitapevi, Adana, 332.
  • Aydın, M. & Karadurmuş, U. (2012). Age, growth, length-weİght relationship and reproduction of the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus Linnaeus, 1758) in Ordu (Black Sea). Ordu University, Journal of Science Technology, 2, 68- 77.
  • Bat, L., Sahin, F., Satılmıs, H.H., Ustun, F., Ozdemir, Z.B., Kideys, A.E. & Shulman, G.E., (2007). Karadeniz’in değişen ekosistemi ve hamsi balıkçılığına etkisi. Journal Fish Science, 1(4), 191-227.
  • Beverton, R.J.H. & Holt, S.J., (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations, UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, London, 560 s.
  • Blackwell, B.G., Brown, M.L. & Willis, D.W. (2000). Relative weight (wr) status and current use in fisheries assessment and management. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 8(1), 1-44. DOI: 10.1080/10641260091129161.
  • Bolger. T. & Connolly, P, L. (1989). The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. Journal of Fish Biology, 34,171- 182. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03300.x.
  • Brown-Peterson, N.J., Wyanski, D.M., Saborido-Rey, F., Macewicz, B.J. and Lowerre-Barbieri, S.K., 2011. A Standardized terminology for describing reproductive development in fishes, Marine and Coastal Fisheries, 3(1), 52-70. DOI: 10.1080/19425120.2011.555724.
  • Castañeda, J. C. R., Ventero, A., Márquez, M. G. G, & Iglesias, M. (2022). Spatial and temporal analysis (2009-2020) of the biological parameters, abundance and distribution of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Western Mediterranean. Fisheries Research, 256, 106483. DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106483.
  • Chilton, D.E. & Beamis, R.J. (1982). Age determination methods for fishes studied by the groundfish program at the Pasific Biological Station. Canadian Speccial Publication Fishries & Aquatic Sciences, 60, 102.
  • Daskalov, G.M. (2002). Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 225, 53-63. DOI: 10.3354/meps225053.
  • Demirel, N. & Yüksek, A. (2012). Reproductive biology of Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae): a detailed study for the Marmara–Black Sea stock. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93(2), 357-364. DOI: 10.1017/S0025315412001014.
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği, Ondokuz Mayıs Üni, Yayın No:95, Samsun, 265 s.
  • Fontoura, N.F., Braun, A.S. & Milani, P.C.C. (2009). Estimating size at first maturity (L50) from gonadossomatic index (GSI) data. Neotropical Ichthyology, 7(2), 217-222. DOI: 10.1590/S1679- 62252009000200013.
  • Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight– length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241-253. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439- 0426.2006.00805.x.
  • Froese, R., Winker, H., Coro, G., Demirel, N., Tsikliras, A. C., Dimarchopoulou, D., Scarcella, G., Probst, W.N., Dureuil, M. & Pauly, D. (2018). A new approach for estimating stock status from length frequency data. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75(6), 2004-2015. DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsy078.
  • Genç, Y., Zengin, M., Başar, S., Ceylan, B., Çiftçi, Y., Üstündağ, C., Akbulut, B. & Şahin, T. (1998). Ekonomik Deniz Ürünleri Araştırma Projesi. TAGEM/IY/96/17/3/001.
  • Gulland, J.A. (1998). Fish stock assessment: A manual of basic methods. FAP/WILEY series on food and agriculture.
  • Ivanov, L. & Beverton, R.J.H. (1985). The fisheries resources of the Mediterranean. Part 2: Black Sea, GFCM, Studies and Reviews, 60, 1-135 s.
  • Jennings, S., Kaiser, M. & Reynolds, J.D., (2001). Marine fisheries ecology. Blackwell Science Ltd., ISBN: 0632050985,9780632050987, 432p.
  • Karlou-Riga, C. (2000). Otolith morphology and age and growth of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Fisheries Research, 46, 69-82. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00134-X.
  • Kalaycı, F. (2006). Orta Karadeniz’de avlanan istavrit (Trachurus trachurus L., 1758) balığının üreme özellikleri ve populasyon parametrelerinin belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi, O.M.Ü, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Avlama ve İşleme Teknolojisi Anabilim Dalı, Samsun.
  • Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S. & Samsun, O. (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and midwater trawl from the middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 7, 33-36.
  • Kasapoğlu, N. & Düzgüneş, E. (2013). Length- Weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15(1), 95-100. DOI: 10.12681/mms.463.
  • Kayalı, E. (1998). Doğu Karadeniz’deki İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindchner, 1868) ve Hamsi (Engraulis encrsicolus, Linnea, 1758) Balıklarının Bazı Populasyon Parametreleri ve Beslenme Ekolojileri. Yüksek Lisans, KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bal. Tekn. Müh. Anabilim Dalı, Trabzon.
  • Kendall, N.W. & Quinn, T.P. (2013.) Size-selective fishing affects sex ratios and the opportunity for sexual selection in Alaskan sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. Oikos, 122, 411-420. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20319.x.
  • King, M. (1995). Fisheries Biology, Assessment and Management. Fishing New Boks.
  • Koutrakis, E. T. & Tsikliras, A.C. (2003). Length- weight relationships of fishes from three northern Aegean estuarine systems (Greece). Journal of Applied Ichthy ology, 19, 258- 260.
  • Kutsyn, D.N. (2021). Life History of Mediterranean horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae) from Crimea (Black Sea). Journal of Ichthyology, 61(2) 196-205. DOI: 10.1134/S0032945221020107.
  • Kuzminova, N., Dorokhova, I. & Rudneva, I. (2014). Age- Dependent changes of Mediterranean Trachurus mediterraneus male and female from coastal waters of Sevastopol (Black Sea, Ukraine). Turkish Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences. 14, 183-192. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712- v14_1_20.
  • Le Cren, E. D. (1951). The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology, 20(2), 201-219. DOI: 10.2307/1540 Melinkova, E. & Kuzminova, N. (2020). Growth of horse mackerel populations in the western parts of the Black, Marmara, and Aegean seas. Fisheries & Aquatic Life, 28, 11 - 17. DOI: 10.2478/aopf- 2020-0002.
  • Militz, T.A. Kinch, J., Schoeman, D.S. & Southgate, P. C., (2018). Use of total allowable catch to regulate a selective marine aquarium fishery. Marine Policy, 90, 160-167. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.12.017.
  • Oğuz, T. (2005). Black Sea ecosystem response to climatic teleconnections. Oceanography, 18(2), 122-133. DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2005.47.
  • Oğuz, T., Dippner, J.W. & Kaymaz, Z., (2006). Climatic regulationof the Black Sea hydro-meteorological and ecological proper-ties at interannual-to- decadal time scales. Journal of Marine Systems 60, 235-254. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2005.11.011.
  • Oğuz, T. & Gilbert, D. (2007). Abrupt transitions of the top-down controlled Black Sea pelagic ecosystem during 1960-2000: evidence for regime- shiftsunder strong fishery exploitation and nutrient enrichment modulated byclimate-induced variations. Deep-Sea Research Part I- Oceanographic Research Papers, 54, 220-242. DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2006.09.010.
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, Y., Erdem, E. & Birinci, Z. (2009). Dip trolü ile farklı av sahalarından avlanan karagöz istavrit (Trachurus trachurus, L.) ve lüfer (Pomatomus saltatrix, L.) balıklarının av verimi ve boy kompozisyonlarının karşılaştırılması, Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 19-26.
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Özdemir, Z.B. & Aksu, H. (2015). Monthly monitoring of length-weight relationships of allis shad (Alosa immaculata Bennett, 1835), horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus Linnaeus, 1758) from the Southern Black Sea, Turkey. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 56(1), 25-30.
  • Pauly, D. & Munro, J.L. (1984). Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates. Fishbyte,The WorldFish Center, 2(1), 1-21.
  • Paun, C., Banaru, D., Galatchi, L.D., Marin, M.P., Vidu, L. & Nicolae C.G. (2020). Variations in growth and reproduction measurements of Trachurus Mediterraneus from the Romanian Black Sea Coast. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 9(2), 212-218.
  • Pesic, A., (2012). Biological characteristic of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus Mediterraneus, Steindachner 1868) from the Montenegrin shelf (Southern Adriatic). Water Research & Management. 2(3), 29-33.
  • Prodanov, K., Mikhaylov, K., Daskalov, G., Maxim, K., Chashchin, A., Arkhipov, A., Shlyakhov, V. & Özdamar, E., 1997. Environmental management of fish resources in the Black Sea and their rational exploitation, General Fisheries Council Mediterranean Studies and Reviews, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ISBN: 0374-7840, 4-11.
  • Ricker, W.E. (1979). Growth rates and models. In: Hoar, W.S., Randall, D.J. & Brett, J.R. (Ed), Fish Physiology, III, Bioenergetics and Growth, Academic Press, New York.
  • Samsun, N., Kalaycı, F., Samsun, O. & Bilgin, S. (2006). Samsun Körfezi'nde avlanan istavrit (Trachurus trachurus L., 1758) balığının bazı biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 23(1-3), 481-486.
  • Samsun, O., Akyol, O. & Ceyhan, T., (2018). Mortalities and exploitation rate of mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Central Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Maritime & Marine Sciences 4(2), 139-145.
  • Santić, M., Jardas, I. & Pallaoro, A. (2002). Age, growth and mortality rate of horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (L.), living in the eastern central Adriatic. Periodicum Biology, 104(2), 165-173.
  • Santić, M., Pallaoro, A. & Jardas, I. (2006). Co-variation of gonadosomatic index and parameters of length- weight relationships of Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868), in the eastern Adriatic Sea. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 214-217. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00735.x.
  • Santić, M., Biljana, R. & Antonel, P. (2011). Condition and length-weight relationship of the horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L.) and the Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus L.) from the eastern Adriatic sea. Archives of Biological Sciences 63(2), 421-428. DOI: 10.2298/ABS1102421S.
  • Sparre P. & Venema S.C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment. Part 1. FAO: Rome. 407 pp.
  • Şahin, C., Kasapoğlu, N., Gözler, A.M., Kalaycı, F., Hacımurtazaoğlu, N. & Mutlu, C. (2009). Age, growth, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the Eastern Black Sea, Turkish Journal Zoology, 33, 157-167. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-0805-26.
  • TUİK. 1986. Su ürünleri anket sonuçları 1985. Başbakanlık Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü, 1221. Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü Matbaası - Ankara, Türkiye.
  • TUİK. 2022. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1 Viette, M., Giulianini, P.G. & Ferrero, E.A. (1997). Reproductive biology of scad, Trachurus mediterraneus (Teleostei, Carangidae), from the Gulf of Trieste. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54: 267-272. DOI: 10.1006/jmsc.1996.0185.
  • Yankova, M. (2013). Population Dynamics of Horse Mackerel (Trachurus Mediterraneus Ponticus) in the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. International Scholarly Research Notices, 127287, 1-6. DOI: 10.1155/2013/127287.
  • Yankova M., Raykov V., Gerdzhikov, D. & Bogomilova, P. (2010). Growth and length- weight relationships of horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus (Aleev,1956) in the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 34(1), 85-2. DOI: 10.3906/zoo-0811- 10.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cemalettin Şahin 0000-0002-7924-3536

Yusuf Ceylan 0000-0002-7513-4957

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 2 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, C., & Ceylan, Y. (2023). Doğu Karadeniz’de İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868)) Balığının Yaş, Büyüme Parametreleri ve İlk Eşeysel Olgunluk Boyunun Belirlenmesi. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 8(1), 69-79. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1218067


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