Öz
The fisheries sector is an essential aspect of the world economy sector in terms of employment, food security, enterprise development, foreign exchange earnings, and important in terms of the livelihoods of many rural people and nutrition. Over 10% of the world population are economically dependent on fisheries as a source of employment, of which the majority are females. In Nigeria, over 764,615 people are reportedly engaged in the fisheries sector. The fisheries sector contributed 0.5% to the national GDP in 2015. The Nigerian fisheries sector is dependent on the artisanal fishers that produce over 68% of the nation’s total domestic production. It is an indication that this sector is not well utilized and developed. Nigeria is the world’s fourth-largest importer of fish products in terms of volume. Nigeria total fish imports of about $1.2 billion and exports valued at $284,390 million in 2013, make Nigeria a net importer of fishery products. In 2019, a shortfall in fish supply of about 1.3 million metric tons was met through imports. Relevant figures indicated that the value of fish imports keeps increasing which has been attributed to the increasing growth rate of the Nigerian population. From 2006 – 2010, the NBS reports showed that fish was the second major food commodity with the highest imports bills. The implication on importation to meet the national fish need ranges from health to socioeconomic impacts. The lack of attention in the fisheries sector is costing Nigeria the economic benefits this sector provides.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aquaculture Economic Exportation Fisheries Importation Production
Kaynakça
- Adebayo, O.O. & Daramola, O.A. (2013). Economic analysis of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Ibadan metropolis. Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 1(7), 128-134
- Agbo, A. D. (2015). Bridging the fish demand, supply gap in Nigeria. Daily Trust Newspaper. https://dailytrust.com/bridging-the-fishdemand-supply-gap-in-nigeria (04.13.2019).
- Akinsorotan, A.M., Akinsorotan, O.A., Jimoh, J.O., Adene. I.C. & Akiwowo, U.A. (2019). Offshore aquaculture practice; a potential for meeting Nigeria fish demand – a review. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1299,012111. DOI: 10.1088/17426596/1299/1/012111
- Anderson, J. L. (2009). Fisheries. Microsoft Encarta, Redmond, W.A, Microsoft Cooperation 2008.
- Cardiovase, J. (2013). Supplementation of Omega 3 Polyunsatturated Fatty Acid Prevents Increase in Arterial Stiffness. Sage Journals, 1, 14-20.
- Erkilla, A. T., Lichtenstein, A. L., Mozaltarian, D. & Herrington, D. M. (2004). Fish Intake Associated Reduced Progression of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Post Menopause Women with Coronary Artery Disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(3), 626-32. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.3.626. PMID: 15321802
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). (2011). Investing in Nigeria’s agricultural value chain. Presented by Hon. Minister at the Bank of Industry’s Nigerian Investment Forum, London. 48.
- Fletcher, W.J., Chesson, J., Fisher, M., Sainsbury, K.J., Hundloe, T., Smith, A.D.M. & Whitworth, B. (2002). The "How To" guide for wild capture fisheries. National ESD reporting framework for Australian fisheries: FRDC Project, 2000/145, 119–120.
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2021). Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles, The Federal Republic of Nigeria. http://www.fao.org/fishery/facp/NGA/en (02.04.2021)
- Food and Agriculture Organization – FAO (2020). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture (18.08.2021)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2019a). Establishing and linking global fish-trade information networks, 2019 http://www.fao.org/in-action/establishing-and-linking-global-fish-tradeinformation- networks/en/ (20.04.2019)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2019b). GLOBEFISH- Information and Analysis on World Fish Trade. http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/fishery-information/resource-detail/en/c/338418/ (21.04.2019)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2007). Fisheries development in Nigeria: The current challenges. Paper presented by the Honourable Minister of State for Agriculture to the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), Lagos State. 23
- Gomna, A. & Rana, K. (2007). Inter-household and intra-household patterns of fish and meat consumption in fishing communities in two states in Nigeria. British Journal of Nutrition, 97(1), 145-152. DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507201734
- https://www.goturkeytourism.com/things-todo/antalya-aquarium-antalya-turkey.html (12.09.2020)
- Jim, C. (2001). Species of Fish in the Ocean; Gander Academy. http/ww.cdli.ca/cite/oceanfish.htn. (17.05.2021)
- Keith, B. (2010). Impact of Climate Change on Fisheries. Journal of Marine Systems, 79; 389-402.
- Machena, C. & Moehl, J. (2001). African Aquaculture: A Regional Summary with Emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa African Aquaculture: A Regional Summary with Emphasis on Sub. https://agris.fao.org/agrissearch/search.do?recordID=XF2003411931 (19.08.2021)
- National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria (NBS) (2017). Nigeria's Fish Production: 2010-2015. https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/download/509 (10.02.2020)
- Nwilo, P. C. & Badejo, O. T. (2007). Impacts and Management of Oil Spill pollution along Nigeria Coastal Areas. http://www.fig.net/pub/figpub/pub36/chapters/chap-ter_r.pdf (12.11.2020)
- OECD. (2020). Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture policies for the future. https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/topics/fisheries-and-aquaculture/ 10.06.2021
- Olaoye, O.J., Ashley-Dejo, S.S., Fakoya, E.O., Ikeweinwe, N.B., Alegbeleye, W.O., Ashaolu, F.O. & Adelaja, O.A. (2013). Assessment of socio- economic analysis of fish farming in Oyo State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Aquaculture and Veterinary, 13(9), 45-55
- Oluwarore, K. (2018). Nigeria: Importing fish amidst abundant ocean resources, the paradox of a nation. Earth Journalism Network, https://earthjournalism.net/stories/nigeria-importing-fish-amidst-abundant-ocean-resources-the-paradox-of-a-nation (21.09.2020)
- Population Reference Bureau. (2021). 2021 world population data sheet. https://interactives.prb.org/2021-wpds/ (18.08.2021)
- Quagrainie, K. and Engle, C. (2006). A latent class model for analyzıng preferences for catfısh. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 10(1), 1-14.
- Rabo, P.D., Zarmai, D. U., Jwanya, B. A. & Dikwahal, S. H. (2014). The role of fisheries resources in national development: a review. International Letters of Natural Sciences, 18, 20-28. DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.18.20
- Sea Around Us (2016). A global database on marine fisheries and ecosystems. http://www.seaaroundus.org/data/#/eez/566chart=catchchart&dimension=taxon&measure=value&limit=10 18.05.2021
- The World Bank (2019). Population, total – Nigeria. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=NG (05.05.2021)
- Vaughan, I. O., Afolami, C. A., Oyekale, T. O. & Ayegbokiki, A. O. (2014). An analysis of Nigeria food imports and bills. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management; 2(9), 1-14
- WorldFish, (2018). WorldFish Nigeria Strategy 2018–2022. https://digitalarchive.worldfishcenter.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12348/673/201809.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y (19.08.2021)
Öz
Balıkçılık sektörü, istihdam, gıda güvenliği, işletme geliştirme, döviz kazancı açısından dünya ekonomisi sektörünün önemli bir yönüdür ve birçok kırsal insanın geçim kaynakları ve beslenme açısından önemlidir. Dünya nüfusunun %10'undan fazlası ve çoğunluğu kadınların oluşturduğu bir istihdam kaynağı olarak balıkçılığa ekonomik olarak bağımlıdır. Nijerya'da 764.615’ten fazla kişinin balıkçılık sektöründe çalıştığı bildirilmektedir. Balıkçılık sektörü, 2015 yılında ulusal GSYİH'ye %0,5 oranında katkıda bulunmuştur. Nijerya balıkçılık sektörü, ülkenin toplam yerli üretiminin %68'inden fazlasını üreten zanaatkar balıkçılara bağımlıdır. Bu sektörün yeterince kullanılmadığının ve gelişmediğinin bir göstergesidir. Nijerya, hacim bakımından dünyanın dördüncü en büyük balık ürünleri ithalatçısıdır. Nijerya'nın toplam balık ithalatı yaklaşık 1,2 milyar dolar ve 2013 yılında 284.390 milyon dolar değerinde ihracat, Nijerya'yı net su ürünleri ithalatçısı yapmaktadır. 2019 yılında yaklaşık 1,3 milyon mt balık arz açığı ithalat yoluyla karşılandı. İlgili rakamlar, balık ithalatının değerinin artmaya devam ettiğini gösterdi, bu, Nijerya nüfusunun artan büyüme hızına bağlandı. 2006 – 2010 yılları arasında NBS raporları, balığın en yüksek ithalat faturalarına sahip ikinci büyük gıda ürünü olduğunu gösterdi. Ulusal balık ihtiyacını karşılamak için ithalatın etkisi sağlıktan sosyoekonomik etkilere kadar uzanmaktadır. Balıkçılık sektöründeki ilgi eksikliği, Nijerya'ya bu sektörün sağladığı ekonomik faydalara mal olmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Balıkçılık Ekonomi İthalat İhracat Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliği Üretim
Kaynakça
- Adebayo, O.O. & Daramola, O.A. (2013). Economic analysis of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Ibadan metropolis. Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 1(7), 128-134
- Agbo, A. D. (2015). Bridging the fish demand, supply gap in Nigeria. Daily Trust Newspaper. https://dailytrust.com/bridging-the-fishdemand-supply-gap-in-nigeria (04.13.2019).
- Akinsorotan, A.M., Akinsorotan, O.A., Jimoh, J.O., Adene. I.C. & Akiwowo, U.A. (2019). Offshore aquaculture practice; a potential for meeting Nigeria fish demand – a review. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1299,012111. DOI: 10.1088/17426596/1299/1/012111
- Anderson, J. L. (2009). Fisheries. Microsoft Encarta, Redmond, W.A, Microsoft Cooperation 2008.
- Cardiovase, J. (2013). Supplementation of Omega 3 Polyunsatturated Fatty Acid Prevents Increase in Arterial Stiffness. Sage Journals, 1, 14-20.
- Erkilla, A. T., Lichtenstein, A. L., Mozaltarian, D. & Herrington, D. M. (2004). Fish Intake Associated Reduced Progression of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Post Menopause Women with Coronary Artery Disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(3), 626-32. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.3.626. PMID: 15321802
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). (2011). Investing in Nigeria’s agricultural value chain. Presented by Hon. Minister at the Bank of Industry’s Nigerian Investment Forum, London. 48.
- Fletcher, W.J., Chesson, J., Fisher, M., Sainsbury, K.J., Hundloe, T., Smith, A.D.M. & Whitworth, B. (2002). The "How To" guide for wild capture fisheries. National ESD reporting framework for Australian fisheries: FRDC Project, 2000/145, 119–120.
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2021). Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles, The Federal Republic of Nigeria. http://www.fao.org/fishery/facp/NGA/en (02.04.2021)
- Food and Agriculture Organization – FAO (2020). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture (18.08.2021)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2019a). Establishing and linking global fish-trade information networks, 2019 http://www.fao.org/in-action/establishing-and-linking-global-fish-tradeinformation- networks/en/ (20.04.2019)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2019b). GLOBEFISH- Information and Analysis on World Fish Trade. http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/fishery-information/resource-detail/en/c/338418/ (21.04.2019)
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2007). Fisheries development in Nigeria: The current challenges. Paper presented by the Honourable Minister of State for Agriculture to the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), Lagos State. 23
- Gomna, A. & Rana, K. (2007). Inter-household and intra-household patterns of fish and meat consumption in fishing communities in two states in Nigeria. British Journal of Nutrition, 97(1), 145-152. DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507201734
- https://www.goturkeytourism.com/things-todo/antalya-aquarium-antalya-turkey.html (12.09.2020)
- Jim, C. (2001). Species of Fish in the Ocean; Gander Academy. http/ww.cdli.ca/cite/oceanfish.htn. (17.05.2021)
- Keith, B. (2010). Impact of Climate Change on Fisheries. Journal of Marine Systems, 79; 389-402.
- Machena, C. & Moehl, J. (2001). African Aquaculture: A Regional Summary with Emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa African Aquaculture: A Regional Summary with Emphasis on Sub. https://agris.fao.org/agrissearch/search.do?recordID=XF2003411931 (19.08.2021)
- National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria (NBS) (2017). Nigeria's Fish Production: 2010-2015. https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/download/509 (10.02.2020)
- Nwilo, P. C. & Badejo, O. T. (2007). Impacts and Management of Oil Spill pollution along Nigeria Coastal Areas. http://www.fig.net/pub/figpub/pub36/chapters/chap-ter_r.pdf (12.11.2020)
- OECD. (2020). Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture policies for the future. https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/topics/fisheries-and-aquaculture/ 10.06.2021
- Olaoye, O.J., Ashley-Dejo, S.S., Fakoya, E.O., Ikeweinwe, N.B., Alegbeleye, W.O., Ashaolu, F.O. & Adelaja, O.A. (2013). Assessment of socio- economic analysis of fish farming in Oyo State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Aquaculture and Veterinary, 13(9), 45-55
- Oluwarore, K. (2018). Nigeria: Importing fish amidst abundant ocean resources, the paradox of a nation. Earth Journalism Network, https://earthjournalism.net/stories/nigeria-importing-fish-amidst-abundant-ocean-resources-the-paradox-of-a-nation (21.09.2020)
- Population Reference Bureau. (2021). 2021 world population data sheet. https://interactives.prb.org/2021-wpds/ (18.08.2021)
- Quagrainie, K. and Engle, C. (2006). A latent class model for analyzıng preferences for catfısh. Aquaculture Economics & Management, 10(1), 1-14.
- Rabo, P.D., Zarmai, D. U., Jwanya, B. A. & Dikwahal, S. H. (2014). The role of fisheries resources in national development: a review. International Letters of Natural Sciences, 18, 20-28. DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.18.20
- Sea Around Us (2016). A global database on marine fisheries and ecosystems. http://www.seaaroundus.org/data/#/eez/566chart=catchchart&dimension=taxon&measure=value&limit=10 18.05.2021
- The World Bank (2019). Population, total – Nigeria. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=NG (05.05.2021)
- Vaughan, I. O., Afolami, C. A., Oyekale, T. O. & Ayegbokiki, A. O. (2014). An analysis of Nigeria food imports and bills. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management; 2(9), 1-14
- WorldFish, (2018). WorldFish Nigeria Strategy 2018–2022. https://digitalarchive.worldfishcenter.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12348/673/201809.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y (19.08.2021)
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 16 Haziran 2022 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 12 Ekim 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Mart 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2 |
