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Metagenomic characterization of planktonic communities during a mucilage event in the Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 421 - 427, 28.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.966509

Öz

Bu çalışma da Çanakkale Boğazı'ında (Dardanel) müsilaj oluşumu sırasında planktonik toplulukların kompozisyonları metagenomik yaklaşımla araştırılmıştır. Müsilaj örnekleri, Çanakkale Boğazı'nın üç farklı istasyonunda (İstasyon 1: 40°15'22.53"K, 26°40'43.58"D; İstasyon 2: 40°10'59.21"K 26°37'81.17"D; İstasyon 3: 40°11'15.67"K, 26°39'90.81"D) yoğun müsilaj oluşumu gözlemlenen Mayıs 2021'de toplanmıştır. Filum düzeyinde toplam sekans sayısının 86.68% ini kapsayan baskın planktonik ökaryotlar, Dinoflagellata (%38.57), Protalveolata (%15.03), Diatomea (%12.41), Nematozoa (%8.44), Apicomplexa (%6.79) ve Chlorophyta (%5.43) olarak belirlenmiştir. En baskın OTU'ler (>%10), Alexandrium ve Syndiniales_Group_II olup, diğer baskın OTU'lar (>%2) ise Viscosia sp., Lankesteria, Arcocellulus, Thalassiosira ve Nannochloris olmuştur.
Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de meydana gelen bir müsilaj olayı sırasında Çanakkale Boğazı'nda planktonik toplulukların durumunu netleştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak, en baskın cinsin müsilaj üretme kabiliyeti olduğu bilinen Alexandrium olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bazı Alexandrium türleri toksin üretebilir, insan sağlığı üzerinde ciddi etkilere neden olabilir ve çift kabuklu, karides ve balık ölümlerine yol açabilir. Bu nedenle müsilaj yapısındaki Alexandrium toksinlerinin belirlenmesi için daha detaylı bir çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca elde edilen müsilajın ağır metal içeriği araştırılmıştır. Müsilajın yapısındaki As ve Cr konsantrasyonları atıklar için belirlenen düzenli depolama sahalarına bertaraf etme sınırlarının üzerindedir. Bu nedenle deniz yüzeyinden toplanan müsilajın düzenli depolama sahalarına gönderilmeden önce ağır metal içeriği kontrol edilmelidir.

Kaynakça

  • Aktan, Y., & Topaloğlu, B. (2011). First record of Chrysophaeum taylorii Lewis & Bryan and their benthic mucilaginous aggregates in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 17(2), 159-170.
  • Artüz, M. L., Okay, I. A., Mater, B., Artüz, O. B., Gürseler, G., & Okay, N. (2007). Bilimsel Açıdan Marmara Denizi. Istanbul: Union of Turkish Bar Associations publication.
  • Aydın, H., & Uzar, S. (2013). Some potentially toxic dinoflagellate cysts in recent sediments from İzmir Bay. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 30(3), 109-114.
  • Aydın, H., Matsuoka, K., & Minareci, E. (2011). Distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in recent sediments from Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Micropaleontology, 80(1-2), 44-52.
  • Balkis, N. (2004). List of phytoplankton of Sea of Marmara. Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 10, 123-141 (2004).
  • Balkis, N., & Taş, S. (2016). Phytoplankton of the Sea of Marmara: A review. In: Yücel, M., Özkan, K., & Tezcan, D. (Eds.,). The sea of Marmara marine biodiversity fisheries conservation and governance. 1st ed., 326-343p, Turkish marine research foundation (TUDAV) Publication, Turkey.
  • Balkis, N., Atabay, H., Türetgen, I., Albayrak, S., Balkis, H., & Tüfekçi, V. (2011). Role of single-celled organisms in mucilage formation on the shores of Buyukada Island (the Marmara Sea). Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 91(4), 771.
  • Balkis, N., Balci, M., Giannakourou, A., Venetsanopoulou, A., & Mudie, P. (2016). Dinoflagellate resting cysts in recent marine sediments from the Gulf of Gemlik (Marmara Sea, Turkey) and seasonal harmful algal blooms. Phycologia, 55(2), 187-209.
  • Callahan, B. J., McMurdie, P. J., Rosen, M. J., Han, A. W., Johnson, A. J. A., & Holmes, S. P. (2016). DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data. Nature methods, 13(7), 581-583.
  • Chambouvet, A., Morin, P., Marie, D., & Guillou, L. (2008). Control of toxic marine dinoflagellate blooms by serial parasitic killers. Science, 322(5905), 1254-1257.
  • Clarke, L. J., Bestley, S., Bissett, A., & Deagle, B. E. (2019). A globally distributed Syndiniales parasite dominates the Southern Ocean micro-eukaryote community near the sea-ice edge. The ISME journal, 13(3), 734-737.
  • Coats, D. W., & Park, M. G. (2002). Parasitism of photosynthetic dinoflagellates by three strains of Amoebophrya (Dinophyta): Parasite survival, infectivity, generation time, and host specificity. Journal of Phycology, 38(3), 520-528.
  • Dzhembekova, N., Urusizaki, S., Moncheva, S., Ivanova, P., & Nagai, S. (2017). Applicability of massively parallel sequencing on monitoring harmful algae at Varna Bay in the Black Sea. Harmful Algae, 68, 40-51.
  • Guillou, L., Viprey, M., Chambouvet, A., Welsh, R. M., Kirkham, A. R., Massana, R., ... & Worden, A. Z. (2008). Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata). Environmental microbiology, 10(12), 3349-3365.
  • Hadziavdic, K., Lekang, K., Lanzen, A., Jonassen, I., Thompson, E. M., & Troedsson, C. (2014). Characterization of the 18S rRNA gene for designing universal eukaryote specific primers. PloS one, 9(2), e87624.
  • Hallegraeff, G. M., Bolch, C., Blackburn, S. I., & Oshima, Y. (1991). Species of the toxigenic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium in southeastern Australian waters. Botanica Marina, 34, 575-587. ISO 5667-9 (1992). International Standards Organization (ISO), Water quality Sampling Part 9: Guidance on sampling from marine waters, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Keleş, G., Yılmaz, S., & Zengin, M. (2020). Possible economic effects of musilage on Sea of Marmara fisheries. International Journal of Agriculture Forestry and Life Sciences, 4(2), 173-177.
  • Lampadariou, N., & Eleftheriou, A. (2018). Seasonal dynamics of meiofauna from the oligotrophic continental shelf of Crete (Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 502, 91-104. Landsberg, J. H. (2002). The effects of harmful algal blooms on aquatic organisms. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 10(2), 113-390.
  • Leander, B. S., Lloyd, S. A., Marshall, W., & Landers, S. C. (2006). Phylogeny of marine gregarines (Apicomplexa)—Pterospora, Lithocystis and Lankesteria—and the origin (s) of coelomic parasitism. Protist, 157(1), 45-60.
  • Levine, N. D. (1981). New Species of Lankesteria (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinida) from Ascidians on the Central California Coast. The Journal of Protozoology, 28(3), 363-370.
  • Lewis, A. M., Coates, L. N., Turner, A. D., Percy, L., & Lewis, J. (2018). A review of the global distribution of Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) and comments on ecology and associated paralytic shellfish toxin profiles, with a focus on Northern Europe. Journal of Phycology, 54(5), 581-598.
  • Luo, W., Li, H., Gao, S., Yu, Y., Lin, L., & Zeng, Y. (2016). Molecular diversity of microbial eukaryotes in sea water from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 39(4), 605-616.
  • May, S. P., Burkholder, J. M., Shumway, S. E., Hégaret, H., Wikfors, G. H., & Frank, D. (2010). Effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium monilatum on survival, grazing and behavioral response of three ecologically important bivalve molluscs. Harmful Algae, 9(3), 281-293.
  • Mazzillo, F. F., Ryan, J. P., & Silver, M. W. (2011). Parasitism as a biological control agent of dinoflagellate blooms in the California Current System. Harmful Algae, 10(6), 763-773.
  • Mercado, J. M., Cortés, D., Gómez-Jakobsen, F., García-Gómez, C., Ouaissa, S., Yebra, L., ... & Ruíz, J. M. (2021). Role of small-sized phytoplankton in triggering an ecosystem disruptive algal bloom in a Mediterranean hypersaline coastal lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 164, 111989.
  • Mita, K., Kawai, N., Rueckert, S., & Sasakura, Y. (2012). Large-scale infection of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis by the gregarine Lankesteria ascidiae in an inland culture system. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 101(3), 185-195.
  • Montresor, M., Di Prisco, C., Sarno, D., Margiotta, F., & Zingone, A. (2013). Diversity and germination patterns of diatom resting stages at a coastal Mediterranean site. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 484, 79-95.
  • Moreno, M., Albertelli, G., & Fabiano, M. (2009). Nematode response to metal, PAHs and organic enrichment in tourist marinas of the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58(8), 1192-1201.
  • Okus, E., Ozturk, I., Sur, H. I., Yuksek, A., Tas, S., Aslan-Yilmaz, A., ... & Aydin, A. F. (2008). Critical evaluation of wastewater treatment and disposal strategies for Istanbul with regards to water quality monitoring study results. Desalination, 226(1-3), 231-248.
  • Okyar, M. İ., Üstün, F., & Orun, D. A. (2015). Changes in abundance and community structure of the zooplankton population during the 2008 mucilage event in the northeastern Marmara Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39(1), 28-38.
  • Özalp, H. B. 2021. First massive mucilage event observed in deep waters of Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey. Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 27, 49-66.
  • Percopo, I., Siano, R., Cerino, F., Sarno, D., & Zingone, A. (2011). Phytoplankton diversity during the spring bloom in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina, 54, 243–267,
  • Quast, C., Pruesse, E., Yilmaz, P., Gerken, J., Schweer, T., Yarza, P., ... & Glöckner, F. O. (2012). The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 41, 590-596.
  • Sandulli, R., Miljutin, D., Angeletti, L., & Taviani, M. (2015). Meiobenthos and nematode assemblages from different deep-sea habitats of the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 16(2), 402-412.
  • Tas, S., Kus, D., & Yilmaz, I. N. (2020). Temporal variations in phytoplankton composition in the northeastern Sea of Marmara: potentially toxic species and mucilage event. Mediterranean Marine Science, 21(3), 668-683.
  • TMEU (2019). the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation, Regulation on Landfilling of Wastes, 30990th Official Gazette, Ankara.
  • Toklu-Alicli, B., Polat, S., & Balkis-Ozdelice, N. (2020). Temporal variations in the abundance of picoplanktonic Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) during a mucilage event in the Gulfs of Bandırma and Erdek. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 233, 106513.
  • Tsipas, G. (2020). Metagenomic characterization of unicellular eukaryotes in the urban Thessaloniki Bay. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Bioeconomy Law, Regulation and Management. 63 p.
  • Tüfekçi, V., Balkis, N., Beken, Ç. P., Ediger, D., & Mantikci, M. (2010). Phytoplankton composition and environmental conditions of the mucilage event in the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Biology, 34(2), 199-210.
  • Ürkmez, D., Sezgin, M., Karaçuha, M. E., & Öksüz, İ. (2016). Meiobenthic Assemblages from the Southwestern Coast of the Black Sea, İğneada (Turkey). Biologia, 71(9), 1017-1026.
  • Vila, M., Camp, J., Garcés, E., Masó, M., & Delgado, M. (2001). High resolution spatio-temporal detection of potentially harmful dinoflagellates in confined waters of the NW Mediterranean. Journal of Plankton Research, 23(5), 497-514.
  • Vingiani, G. M., Štālberga, D., De Luca, P., Ianora, A., De Luca, D., & Lauritano, C. (2020). De novo transcriptome of the non-saxitoxin producing Alexandrium tamutum reveals new ınsights on harmful dinoflagellates. Marine Drugs, 18(8), 386.
  • Yentur, R. E., Büyükateş, Y., Özen, Ö., & Altın, A. (2013). The environmental and socio-economical effects of a biologic problem: Mucilage. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 2(2), 13-15.
  • Yücel, M., & Tarhan, İ. (2019). Çanakkale Boğazı akıntı türbin modellenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3), 59-74.
  • Zhang, X., Kan, J., Wang, J., Gu, H., Hu, J., Zhao, Y., & Sun, J. (2015). First record of a large-scale bloom-causing species Nannochloropsis granulata (Monodopsidaceae, Eustigmatophyceae) in China Sea waters. Ecotoxicology, 24(7), 1430-1441.

Çanakkale Boğazı'nda (Dardanel) Müsilaj Oluşumu Sırasında Planktonik Toplulukların Metagenomik Karakterizasyonu

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 421 - 427, 28.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.966509

Öz

Bu çalışma da Çanakkale Boğazı'ında (Dardanel) müsilaj oluşumu sırasında planktonik toplulukların kompozisyonları metagenomik yaklaşımla araştırılmıştır. Müsilaj örnekleri, Çanakkale Boğazı'nın üç farklı istasyonunda (İstasyon 1: 40°15'22.53"K, 26°40'43.58"D; İstasyon 2: 40°10'59.21"K 26°37'81.17"D; İstasyon 3: 40°11'15.67"K, 26°39'90.81"D) yoğun müsilaj oluşumu gözlemlenen Mayıs 2021'de toplanmıştır. Filum düzeyinde toplam sekans sayısının 86.68% ini kapsayan baskın planktonik ökaryotlar, Dinoflagellata (%38.57), Protalveolata (%15.03), Diatomea (%12.41), Nematozoa (%8.44), Apicomplexa (%6.79) ve Chlorophyta (%5.43) olarak belirlenmiştir. En baskın OTU'ler (>%10), Alexandrium ve Syndiniales_Group_II olup, diğer baskın OTU'lar (>%2) ise Viscosia sp., Lankesteria, Arcocellulus, Thalassiosira ve Nannochloris olmuştur.
Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de meydana gelen bir müsilaj olayı sırasında Çanakkale Boğazı'nda planktonik toplulukların durumunu netleştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak, en baskın cinsin müsilaj üretme kabiliyeti olduğu bilinen Alexandrium olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bazı Alexandrium türleri toksin üretebilir, insan sağlığı üzerinde ciddi etkilere neden olabilir ve çift kabuklu, karides ve balık ölümlerine yol açabilir. Bu nedenle müsilaj yapısındaki Alexandrium toksinlerinin belirlenmesi için daha detaylı bir çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca elde edilen müsilajın ağır metal içeriği araştırılmıştır. Müsilajın yapısındaki As ve Cr konsantrasyonları atıklar için belirlenen düzenli depolama sahalarına bertaraf etme sınırlarının üzerindedir. Bu nedenle deniz yüzeyinden toplanan müsilajın düzenli depolama sahalarına gönderilmeden önce ağır metal içeriği kontrol edilmelidir.

Kaynakça

  • Aktan, Y., & Topaloğlu, B. (2011). First record of Chrysophaeum taylorii Lewis & Bryan and their benthic mucilaginous aggregates in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 17(2), 159-170.
  • Artüz, M. L., Okay, I. A., Mater, B., Artüz, O. B., Gürseler, G., & Okay, N. (2007). Bilimsel Açıdan Marmara Denizi. Istanbul: Union of Turkish Bar Associations publication.
  • Aydın, H., & Uzar, S. (2013). Some potentially toxic dinoflagellate cysts in recent sediments from İzmir Bay. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 30(3), 109-114.
  • Aydın, H., Matsuoka, K., & Minareci, E. (2011). Distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in recent sediments from Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Micropaleontology, 80(1-2), 44-52.
  • Balkis, N. (2004). List of phytoplankton of Sea of Marmara. Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 10, 123-141 (2004).
  • Balkis, N., & Taş, S. (2016). Phytoplankton of the Sea of Marmara: A review. In: Yücel, M., Özkan, K., & Tezcan, D. (Eds.,). The sea of Marmara marine biodiversity fisheries conservation and governance. 1st ed., 326-343p, Turkish marine research foundation (TUDAV) Publication, Turkey.
  • Balkis, N., Atabay, H., Türetgen, I., Albayrak, S., Balkis, H., & Tüfekçi, V. (2011). Role of single-celled organisms in mucilage formation on the shores of Buyukada Island (the Marmara Sea). Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 91(4), 771.
  • Balkis, N., Balci, M., Giannakourou, A., Venetsanopoulou, A., & Mudie, P. (2016). Dinoflagellate resting cysts in recent marine sediments from the Gulf of Gemlik (Marmara Sea, Turkey) and seasonal harmful algal blooms. Phycologia, 55(2), 187-209.
  • Callahan, B. J., McMurdie, P. J., Rosen, M. J., Han, A. W., Johnson, A. J. A., & Holmes, S. P. (2016). DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data. Nature methods, 13(7), 581-583.
  • Chambouvet, A., Morin, P., Marie, D., & Guillou, L. (2008). Control of toxic marine dinoflagellate blooms by serial parasitic killers. Science, 322(5905), 1254-1257.
  • Clarke, L. J., Bestley, S., Bissett, A., & Deagle, B. E. (2019). A globally distributed Syndiniales parasite dominates the Southern Ocean micro-eukaryote community near the sea-ice edge. The ISME journal, 13(3), 734-737.
  • Coats, D. W., & Park, M. G. (2002). Parasitism of photosynthetic dinoflagellates by three strains of Amoebophrya (Dinophyta): Parasite survival, infectivity, generation time, and host specificity. Journal of Phycology, 38(3), 520-528.
  • Dzhembekova, N., Urusizaki, S., Moncheva, S., Ivanova, P., & Nagai, S. (2017). Applicability of massively parallel sequencing on monitoring harmful algae at Varna Bay in the Black Sea. Harmful Algae, 68, 40-51.
  • Guillou, L., Viprey, M., Chambouvet, A., Welsh, R. M., Kirkham, A. R., Massana, R., ... & Worden, A. Z. (2008). Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata). Environmental microbiology, 10(12), 3349-3365.
  • Hadziavdic, K., Lekang, K., Lanzen, A., Jonassen, I., Thompson, E. M., & Troedsson, C. (2014). Characterization of the 18S rRNA gene for designing universal eukaryote specific primers. PloS one, 9(2), e87624.
  • Hallegraeff, G. M., Bolch, C., Blackburn, S. I., & Oshima, Y. (1991). Species of the toxigenic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium in southeastern Australian waters. Botanica Marina, 34, 575-587. ISO 5667-9 (1992). International Standards Organization (ISO), Water quality Sampling Part 9: Guidance on sampling from marine waters, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Keleş, G., Yılmaz, S., & Zengin, M. (2020). Possible economic effects of musilage on Sea of Marmara fisheries. International Journal of Agriculture Forestry and Life Sciences, 4(2), 173-177.
  • Lampadariou, N., & Eleftheriou, A. (2018). Seasonal dynamics of meiofauna from the oligotrophic continental shelf of Crete (Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 502, 91-104. Landsberg, J. H. (2002). The effects of harmful algal blooms on aquatic organisms. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 10(2), 113-390.
  • Leander, B. S., Lloyd, S. A., Marshall, W., & Landers, S. C. (2006). Phylogeny of marine gregarines (Apicomplexa)—Pterospora, Lithocystis and Lankesteria—and the origin (s) of coelomic parasitism. Protist, 157(1), 45-60.
  • Levine, N. D. (1981). New Species of Lankesteria (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinida) from Ascidians on the Central California Coast. The Journal of Protozoology, 28(3), 363-370.
  • Lewis, A. M., Coates, L. N., Turner, A. D., Percy, L., & Lewis, J. (2018). A review of the global distribution of Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) and comments on ecology and associated paralytic shellfish toxin profiles, with a focus on Northern Europe. Journal of Phycology, 54(5), 581-598.
  • Luo, W., Li, H., Gao, S., Yu, Y., Lin, L., & Zeng, Y. (2016). Molecular diversity of microbial eukaryotes in sea water from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 39(4), 605-616.
  • May, S. P., Burkholder, J. M., Shumway, S. E., Hégaret, H., Wikfors, G. H., & Frank, D. (2010). Effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium monilatum on survival, grazing and behavioral response of three ecologically important bivalve molluscs. Harmful Algae, 9(3), 281-293.
  • Mazzillo, F. F., Ryan, J. P., & Silver, M. W. (2011). Parasitism as a biological control agent of dinoflagellate blooms in the California Current System. Harmful Algae, 10(6), 763-773.
  • Mercado, J. M., Cortés, D., Gómez-Jakobsen, F., García-Gómez, C., Ouaissa, S., Yebra, L., ... & Ruíz, J. M. (2021). Role of small-sized phytoplankton in triggering an ecosystem disruptive algal bloom in a Mediterranean hypersaline coastal lagoon. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 164, 111989.
  • Mita, K., Kawai, N., Rueckert, S., & Sasakura, Y. (2012). Large-scale infection of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis by the gregarine Lankesteria ascidiae in an inland culture system. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 101(3), 185-195.
  • Montresor, M., Di Prisco, C., Sarno, D., Margiotta, F., & Zingone, A. (2013). Diversity and germination patterns of diatom resting stages at a coastal Mediterranean site. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 484, 79-95.
  • Moreno, M., Albertelli, G., & Fabiano, M. (2009). Nematode response to metal, PAHs and organic enrichment in tourist marinas of the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58(8), 1192-1201.
  • Okus, E., Ozturk, I., Sur, H. I., Yuksek, A., Tas, S., Aslan-Yilmaz, A., ... & Aydin, A. F. (2008). Critical evaluation of wastewater treatment and disposal strategies for Istanbul with regards to water quality monitoring study results. Desalination, 226(1-3), 231-248.
  • Okyar, M. İ., Üstün, F., & Orun, D. A. (2015). Changes in abundance and community structure of the zooplankton population during the 2008 mucilage event in the northeastern Marmara Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39(1), 28-38.
  • Özalp, H. B. 2021. First massive mucilage event observed in deep waters of Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey. Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 27, 49-66.
  • Percopo, I., Siano, R., Cerino, F., Sarno, D., & Zingone, A. (2011). Phytoplankton diversity during the spring bloom in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Botanica Marina, 54, 243–267,
  • Quast, C., Pruesse, E., Yilmaz, P., Gerken, J., Schweer, T., Yarza, P., ... & Glöckner, F. O. (2012). The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 41, 590-596.
  • Sandulli, R., Miljutin, D., Angeletti, L., & Taviani, M. (2015). Meiobenthos and nematode assemblages from different deep-sea habitats of the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 16(2), 402-412.
  • Tas, S., Kus, D., & Yilmaz, I. N. (2020). Temporal variations in phytoplankton composition in the northeastern Sea of Marmara: potentially toxic species and mucilage event. Mediterranean Marine Science, 21(3), 668-683.
  • TMEU (2019). the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation, Regulation on Landfilling of Wastes, 30990th Official Gazette, Ankara.
  • Toklu-Alicli, B., Polat, S., & Balkis-Ozdelice, N. (2020). Temporal variations in the abundance of picoplanktonic Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria) during a mucilage event in the Gulfs of Bandırma and Erdek. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 233, 106513.
  • Tsipas, G. (2020). Metagenomic characterization of unicellular eukaryotes in the urban Thessaloniki Bay. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Bioeconomy Law, Regulation and Management. 63 p.
  • Tüfekçi, V., Balkis, N., Beken, Ç. P., Ediger, D., & Mantikci, M. (2010). Phytoplankton composition and environmental conditions of the mucilage event in the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Biology, 34(2), 199-210.
  • Ürkmez, D., Sezgin, M., Karaçuha, M. E., & Öksüz, İ. (2016). Meiobenthic Assemblages from the Southwestern Coast of the Black Sea, İğneada (Turkey). Biologia, 71(9), 1017-1026.
  • Vila, M., Camp, J., Garcés, E., Masó, M., & Delgado, M. (2001). High resolution spatio-temporal detection of potentially harmful dinoflagellates in confined waters of the NW Mediterranean. Journal of Plankton Research, 23(5), 497-514.
  • Vingiani, G. M., Štālberga, D., De Luca, P., Ianora, A., De Luca, D., & Lauritano, C. (2020). De novo transcriptome of the non-saxitoxin producing Alexandrium tamutum reveals new ınsights on harmful dinoflagellates. Marine Drugs, 18(8), 386.
  • Yentur, R. E., Büyükateş, Y., Özen, Ö., & Altın, A. (2013). The environmental and socio-economical effects of a biologic problem: Mucilage. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 2(2), 13-15.
  • Yücel, M., & Tarhan, İ. (2019). Çanakkale Boğazı akıntı türbin modellenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3), 59-74.
  • Zhang, X., Kan, J., Wang, J., Gu, H., Hu, J., Zhao, Y., & Sun, J. (2015). First record of a large-scale bloom-causing species Nannochloropsis granulata (Monodopsidaceae, Eustigmatophyceae) in China Sea waters. Ecotoxicology, 24(7), 1430-1441.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sevdan Yılmaz 0000-0002-4809-5809

Mehmet Ali Küçüker 0000-0001-9648-8925

Dilek Kahraman Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9626-5446

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi 1 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, S., Küçüker, M. A., & Kahraman, D. (2021). Metagenomic characterization of planktonic communities during a mucilage event in the Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(3), 421-427. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.966509


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