Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 709 - 719, 15.12.2021

Burak Önol Mehmet Uğur Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32
Cited By: 2

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, D. I. (2016). Integrating cannabis into clinical cancer care. Current Oncology, 23(Suppl 2), S8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3747/co.23.3099
  • Adesina, I., Bhowmik, A., Sharma, H., & Shahbazi, A. (2020). A review on the current state of knowledge of growing conditions, agronomic soil health practices and utilities of hemp in the United States. Agriculture, 10(4), 129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040129
  • Ashraf, M.; Foolad, M.R. (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatment –A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 2005, 88, 223–271. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)88006-X
  • Aydogan, M., Terzi, Y. E., Gizlenci, S., Mustafa, A. C. A. R., Alpay, E. S. E. N., & Meral, H. (2020). Turkiye’de kenevir yetiştiriciliginin ekonomik olarak yapılabilirligi: Samsun ili Vezirköprü ilcesi ornegi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(1), 35-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.602585
  • Bello, O. A., Esan, E. B., & Obembe, O. O. (2018). Establishing surface sterilization protocol for nodal culture of Solanecio biafrae. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 210(1), 1-5. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/210/1/012007
  • Bernstein, N., Gorelick, J., Koch, S. (2019). Interplay between chemistry and morphology in medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 129, 185-194. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.039
  • Blázquez, C., González-Feria, L., Alvarez, L., Haro, L., Casanova, M.LGuzman M. (2004). Cannabinoids inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in gliomas. Cancer Research, 64 (16), 5617-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3927
  • Bonini, S. A., Premoli, M., Tambaro, S., Kumar, A., Maccarinelli, G., Memo, M., & Mastinu, A. (2018). Cannabis sativa: A comprehensive ethnopharmacological review of a medicinal plant with a long history. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 227, 300-315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.004
  • Caetano‐Anollés, G., Favelukes, G., & Bauer, W. D. (1990). Optimization of surface sterilization for legume seed. Crop science, 30(3), 708-712. DOI:https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183X003000030047x
  • Chahtane, H., Kim, W., & Lopez-Molina, L. (2017). Primary seed dormancy: a temporally multilayered riddle waiting to be unlocked. Journal of Experimental Botany, 68(4), 857-869. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw377
  • Daud, N. H., Jayaraman, S., & Mohamed, R. (2012). Methods Paper: An improved surface sterilization technique for introducing leaf, nodal and seed explants of Aquilaria malaccensis from field sources into tissue culture. Aspac J. Mol Biol Biotechnol, 20, 55-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286739042_Methods_paper_An_improved_surface_sterilization_technique_for_introducing_leaf_nodal_and_seed_explants_of_Aquilaria_malaccensis_from_field_sources_into_tissue_culture (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Ewel, J. J., Schreeg, L. A., & Sinclair, T. R. (2019). Resources for crop production: Accessing the unavailable. Trends in Plant Science, 24(2), 121-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.008
  • FAO, 2019. http://www.fao.org/ (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Gamborg, O. L., Murashige, T., Thorpe, T. A., & Vasil, I. K. (1976). Plant tissue culture media. In vitro, 12(7), 473-478. DOI: https://doi.org/10,1007/BF02796489
  • Geneve, R. L., Janes, E. W., & Kester, S. T. (2016, January). Cardinal temperatures and thermal time for seed germination of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa)©. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Meeting of the International Plant Propagators' Society 1174 (pp. 325-330). DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1174.65
  • Green, H., Broun, P., Cakmak, I., Condon, L., Fedoroff, N., Gonzalez‐Valero, J., Graham I, Lewis, J., Moloney M, Oniang'o, R.K., SangingaN., Shewry, P. & Roulin, A. (2016). Planting seeds for the future of food. Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 96(5), 1409-1414. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7554
  • Greipsson, S. (2001). Effects of stratification and GA₃ on seed germination of a sand stabilising grass Leymus arenarius used in reclamation. Seed. Science and Technology, 29, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/ No doi number published 2001. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sigurdur-Greipsson/publication/238114648_Effects_of_stratification_and_GA3_on_seed_germination_of_a_sand_stabilising_grass_Leymus_arenarius_used_in_reclamation/links/54a5d2eb0cf257a63608d7f5/Effects-of-stratification-and-GA3-on-seed-germination-of-a-sand-stabilising-grass-Leymus-arenarius-used-in-reclamation.pdf (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Gribaudo I & Fronda A (1991). Effects of thidiazuron on grapevine axillary buds cultivated In vitro. HortScience, 26, 1083 DOI:https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.8.1083
  • Hall, J., Bhattarai, S. P., and Midmore, D. J. (2012). Review of flowering control in industrial hemp. J. Nat. Fibers 9, 23–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2012.651848
  • Hanuš, L. O., Meyer, S. M., Muñoz, E., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., & Appendino, G. (2016). Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventory. Natural Product Reports, 33(12), 1357-1392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NP00074F
  • Hesami, M., Naderi, R., & Tohidfar, M. (2019). Modeling and optimizing In vitro sterilization of chrysanthemum via multilayer perceptron-non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (MLP-NSGAII). Frontiers in plant science, 10, 282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00282
  • Ines, M., Krunoslav, D., Vesna, T., Marija, V., Ankica, P., Zlatko, C., Boris, P., Zorica, J. (2013). In vitro sterilization procedures for micropropagation of ‘Oblačinska’sour cherry. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 58(2), 117-126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1302117M
  • ISTA (2021) https://www.seedtest.org/en/ista-rules-2019-_content---1--3410.html) (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Jovičić, D., Nikolić, Z., Sikora, V., Tamindžić, G., Petrović, G., Ignjatov, M., & Milošević, D. (2019). Comparison of methods for germination testing of Cannabis sativa seed. Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo/Field and Vegetable Crops Research, 56(3), 71-75. doi: 10.5937/ratpov56-21105
  • Kai, H. U., Li-Jun, Z., & Xue-mei, B. (2007). Analysis of the cause of contamination and explant sterilization in plant tissue culture. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 35(3), 680. DOI:https://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-AHNY200703024.htm
  • Khan, A. A. (1971). Cytokinins: permissive role in seed germination. Science, 171(3974), 853-859. DOI: https://doi.org/ No doi number published 1971
  • Khan, P. S. V., Hausman, J. F., & Rao, K. R. (1999). Effect of agar, MS medium strength, sucrose and polyamines on In vitro rooting of Syzygium alternifolium. Biologia Plantarum, 42(3), 333-340. : DOI: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1731340
  • Khawar, K. M., Sancak, C., Uranbey, S., & Ozcan, S. (2004). Effect of thidiazuron on shoot regeneration from different explants of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) via organogenesis. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28(4), 421-426. DOI: https://doi.org/
  • Merve, G, & Orhan, K. (2020). Bitkisel Üretimde Yeni Bir Trend: Kenevir. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 4(1-2), 2-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.789970
  • Mok, M.C. & Mok, D.W.S. (1985). The metabolism of (~4C)- thidiazuron in callus tissues of Phaseolus lunatus. Physiologia Plantarum, 65, 427-432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.73.3.796
  • Mok, M.C., Mok, D.W.S., Armstrong, D.J., Shudo, K., Isogai, Y. & Okamoto, T. (1982) Cytokinin activity of N-phenyI-N'- 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron). Phytochemistry, 21, 1509-1511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(82)85007-3 (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Nadjafia, F., Bannayan, M., Tabrizia, L. & Rastgoo, M. (2006). Seed germination and dormancy breaking techniques for Ferula gummosa and Teucrium polium. Journal of Arid environments, 64, 542-547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.06.009 (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Official Gazette Number: 29842 2016, Regulation on Cannabis Breeding and Control. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/(In Turkish) (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Official Gazette Number: 29842 2016, Sivas Governorship dated 06.01.2021 and E-27 145502-160.99-3718439. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/(In Turkish)
  • Owen, H. R., Wengerd, D., & Miller, A. R. (1991). Culture medium pH is influenced by basal medium, carbohydrate source, gelling agent, activated charcoal, and medium storage method. Plant Cell Reports, 10(11), 583-586. DOI: https://www.10.1007/BF00232516
  • Paparella, S.; Araújo, S.S.; Rossi, G.; Wijayasinghe, M.; Carbonera, D.; Balestrazzi, A. (2015). Seed priming: State of the art and new perspectives. Plant Cell Reports, 34, 1281–1293. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1784-y
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Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L.

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 709 - 719, 15.12.2021

Burak Önol Mehmet Uğur Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32
Cited By: 2

Öz

Cannabis sativa L. is an important medicinal plant species that grow under natural conditions and has been legalized in 20 out of 81 Turkish provinces. The female inflorescence is a highly branched compound raceme with indeterminate habit of growth. This results in different maturing of seeds on the inflorescence and induce physiological dormancy on seeds. The study aimed to improve seed germination percentage using various concentrations of GA₃, GA₃ + BAP, germination on water and water solidified with agar, MS or Gamborg B5 medium. The results showed that the best seed germination was noted on Gamborg B5 medium. Different explants were used to regenerated plantlets on Gamborg B5 medium. All explants were suitable for callus regeneration variably. Only the stem nodes of Samsun Vezirköprü were suitable to induce shoots and plantlets. These plantlets were acclimatized on clay loam soils and transferred to field condition during October 2020, where they acclimatized successfully. These studies provide an effective insight into the mechanism seed dormancy in C. sativa. Further studies using other plant growth regulator concentrations will improve shoot regeneration and aid in utilizing the methods for breeding purpose.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemp In vitro mass propagation seed germination TDZ

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, D. I. (2016). Integrating cannabis into clinical cancer care. Current Oncology, 23(Suppl 2), S8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3747/co.23.3099
  • Adesina, I., Bhowmik, A., Sharma, H., & Shahbazi, A. (2020). A review on the current state of knowledge of growing conditions, agronomic soil health practices and utilities of hemp in the United States. Agriculture, 10(4), 129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10040129
  • Ashraf, M.; Foolad, M.R. (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatment –A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 2005, 88, 223–271. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)88006-X
  • Aydogan, M., Terzi, Y. E., Gizlenci, S., Mustafa, A. C. A. R., Alpay, E. S. E. N., & Meral, H. (2020). Turkiye’de kenevir yetiştiriciliginin ekonomik olarak yapılabilirligi: Samsun ili Vezirköprü ilcesi ornegi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(1), 35-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.602585
  • Bello, O. A., Esan, E. B., & Obembe, O. O. (2018). Establishing surface sterilization protocol for nodal culture of Solanecio biafrae. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 210(1), 1-5. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/210/1/012007
  • Bernstein, N., Gorelick, J., Koch, S. (2019). Interplay between chemistry and morphology in medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 129, 185-194. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.039
  • Blázquez, C., González-Feria, L., Alvarez, L., Haro, L., Casanova, M.LGuzman M. (2004). Cannabinoids inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in gliomas. Cancer Research, 64 (16), 5617-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3927
  • Bonini, S. A., Premoli, M., Tambaro, S., Kumar, A., Maccarinelli, G., Memo, M., & Mastinu, A. (2018). Cannabis sativa: A comprehensive ethnopharmacological review of a medicinal plant with a long history. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 227, 300-315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.004
  • Caetano‐Anollés, G., Favelukes, G., & Bauer, W. D. (1990). Optimization of surface sterilization for legume seed. Crop science, 30(3), 708-712. DOI:https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1990.0011183X003000030047x
  • Chahtane, H., Kim, W., & Lopez-Molina, L. (2017). Primary seed dormancy: a temporally multilayered riddle waiting to be unlocked. Journal of Experimental Botany, 68(4), 857-869. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw377
  • Daud, N. H., Jayaraman, S., & Mohamed, R. (2012). Methods Paper: An improved surface sterilization technique for introducing leaf, nodal and seed explants of Aquilaria malaccensis from field sources into tissue culture. Aspac J. Mol Biol Biotechnol, 20, 55-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286739042_Methods_paper_An_improved_surface_sterilization_technique_for_introducing_leaf_nodal_and_seed_explants_of_Aquilaria_malaccensis_from_field_sources_into_tissue_culture (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Ewel, J. J., Schreeg, L. A., & Sinclair, T. R. (2019). Resources for crop production: Accessing the unavailable. Trends in Plant Science, 24(2), 121-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.008
  • FAO, 2019. http://www.fao.org/ (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Gamborg, O. L., Murashige, T., Thorpe, T. A., & Vasil, I. K. (1976). Plant tissue culture media. In vitro, 12(7), 473-478. DOI: https://doi.org/10,1007/BF02796489
  • Geneve, R. L., Janes, E. W., & Kester, S. T. (2016, January). Cardinal temperatures and thermal time for seed germination of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa)©. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Meeting of the International Plant Propagators' Society 1174 (pp. 325-330). DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1174.65
  • Green, H., Broun, P., Cakmak, I., Condon, L., Fedoroff, N., Gonzalez‐Valero, J., Graham I, Lewis, J., Moloney M, Oniang'o, R.K., SangingaN., Shewry, P. & Roulin, A. (2016). Planting seeds for the future of food. Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 96(5), 1409-1414. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7554
  • Greipsson, S. (2001). Effects of stratification and GA₃ on seed germination of a sand stabilising grass Leymus arenarius used in reclamation. Seed. Science and Technology, 29, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/ No doi number published 2001. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sigurdur-Greipsson/publication/238114648_Effects_of_stratification_and_GA3_on_seed_germination_of_a_sand_stabilising_grass_Leymus_arenarius_used_in_reclamation/links/54a5d2eb0cf257a63608d7f5/Effects-of-stratification-and-GA3-on-seed-germination-of-a-sand-stabilising-grass-Leymus-arenarius-used-in-reclamation.pdf (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Gribaudo I & Fronda A (1991). Effects of thidiazuron on grapevine axillary buds cultivated In vitro. HortScience, 26, 1083 DOI:https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.8.1083
  • Hall, J., Bhattarai, S. P., and Midmore, D. J. (2012). Review of flowering control in industrial hemp. J. Nat. Fibers 9, 23–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2012.651848
  • Hanuš, L. O., Meyer, S. M., Muñoz, E., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., & Appendino, G. (2016). Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventory. Natural Product Reports, 33(12), 1357-1392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NP00074F
  • Hesami, M., Naderi, R., & Tohidfar, M. (2019). Modeling and optimizing In vitro sterilization of chrysanthemum via multilayer perceptron-non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (MLP-NSGAII). Frontiers in plant science, 10, 282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00282
  • Ines, M., Krunoslav, D., Vesna, T., Marija, V., Ankica, P., Zlatko, C., Boris, P., Zorica, J. (2013). In vitro sterilization procedures for micropropagation of ‘Oblačinska’sour cherry. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade, 58(2), 117-126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1302117M
  • ISTA (2021) https://www.seedtest.org/en/ista-rules-2019-_content---1--3410.html) (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Jovičić, D., Nikolić, Z., Sikora, V., Tamindžić, G., Petrović, G., Ignjatov, M., & Milošević, D. (2019). Comparison of methods for germination testing of Cannabis sativa seed. Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo/Field and Vegetable Crops Research, 56(3), 71-75. doi: 10.5937/ratpov56-21105
  • Kai, H. U., Li-Jun, Z., & Xue-mei, B. (2007). Analysis of the cause of contamination and explant sterilization in plant tissue culture. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 35(3), 680. DOI:https://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-AHNY200703024.htm
  • Khan, A. A. (1971). Cytokinins: permissive role in seed germination. Science, 171(3974), 853-859. DOI: https://doi.org/ No doi number published 1971
  • Khan, P. S. V., Hausman, J. F., & Rao, K. R. (1999). Effect of agar, MS medium strength, sucrose and polyamines on In vitro rooting of Syzygium alternifolium. Biologia Plantarum, 42(3), 333-340. : DOI: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1731340
  • Khawar, K. M., Sancak, C., Uranbey, S., & Ozcan, S. (2004). Effect of thidiazuron on shoot regeneration from different explants of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) via organogenesis. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28(4), 421-426. DOI: https://doi.org/
  • Merve, G, & Orhan, K. (2020). Bitkisel Üretimde Yeni Bir Trend: Kenevir. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 4(1-2), 2-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.789970
  • Mok, M.C. & Mok, D.W.S. (1985). The metabolism of (~4C)- thidiazuron in callus tissues of Phaseolus lunatus. Physiologia Plantarum, 65, 427-432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.73.3.796
  • Mok, M.C., Mok, D.W.S., Armstrong, D.J., Shudo, K., Isogai, Y. & Okamoto, T. (1982) Cytokinin activity of N-phenyI-N'- 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron). Phytochemistry, 21, 1509-1511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(82)85007-3 (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Nadjafia, F., Bannayan, M., Tabrizia, L. & Rastgoo, M. (2006). Seed germination and dormancy breaking techniques for Ferula gummosa and Teucrium polium. Journal of Arid environments, 64, 542-547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.06.009 (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Official Gazette Number: 29842 2016, Regulation on Cannabis Breeding and Control. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/(In Turkish) (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Official Gazette Number: 29842 2016, Sivas Governorship dated 06.01.2021 and E-27 145502-160.99-3718439. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/(In Turkish)
  • Owen, H. R., Wengerd, D., & Miller, A. R. (1991). Culture medium pH is influenced by basal medium, carbohydrate source, gelling agent, activated charcoal, and medium storage method. Plant Cell Reports, 10(11), 583-586. DOI: https://www.10.1007/BF00232516
  • Paparella, S.; Araújo, S.S.; Rossi, G.; Wijayasinghe, M.; Carbonera, D.; Balestrazzi, A. (2015). Seed priming: State of the art and new perspectives. Plant Cell Reports, 34, 1281–1293. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1784-y
  • Ritchie, S. & Gilroy, S. (1998). Gibberellins: regulating genes and germination. New. Phytology,. 140, 363-383. DOI: https://doi.org/ No doi number published 1998. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/new-phytologist/article/abs/gibberellins-regulating-genes-and-germination/50717265D3C671CA6C9A71F6395ECBAD (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Sánchez, C., de Ceballos, M. L., del Pulgar, T. G., Rueda, D., Corbacho, C., Velasco, G., Galve-Roperh I, Huffman J.W., y Cajal S.R. & Guzmán, M. (2001). Inhibition of glioma growth in vivo by selective activation of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor. Cancer Research, 61(15), 5784-5789. DOI: https://doi.org/Published August 2001 (No Doi Number). https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/61/15/5784.short
  • Sarwar, S., Zia, M., Rehman, R., Fatima, Z., Sial, R., & Chaudhary, M. (2009). In vitro direct regeneration in mint from different explants on half strength MS medium. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253760732_In_vitro_direct_regeneration_in_mint_from_different_expplants_on_half_strength_MS_medium
  • Sattar, S., Hussnain, T., & Javaid, A. (2010). Effect of NaCl salinity on cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) grown on MS medium and in hydroponic cultures. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 20, 87-89. http://www.thejaps.org.pk/docs/20-2-2010/Sattar-et-al.pdf (Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Schäfer, T. (2005). The Influence of Growing Factors and Plant Cultivation Methods on Biomass and Fibre Yield as Well as on Fibre Quality of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Journal of Natural Fibers, 2(1), 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J395v02n01_01
  • Schumacher, A. G. D., Pequito, S., & Pazour, J. (2020). Industrial hemp fiber: A sustainable and economical alternative to cotton. Journal of Cleaner Production, 268, 122180. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122180
  • Seher, K., & Eren, O. (2020). Kenevir liflerinin eldesi, karakteristik ozellikleri ve tekstil endustrisindeki uygulamalari. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu Dergisi, 11(1), 108-123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.693406
  • Sera, B., Sery, M., Gavril, B., & Gajdova, I. (2017). Seed germination and early growth responses to seed pre-treatment by non-thermal plasma in hemp cultivars (Cannabis sativa L.). Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 37(1), 207-221. DOI: 10.1007/s11090-016-9763-9
  • Śledziński, P., Zeyland, J., Słomski, R., & Nowak, A. (2018). The current state and future perspectives of cannabinoids in cancer biology. Cancer Medicine, 7(3), 765-775. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1312
  • Snedecor, G.W. & Cochran, W.G. (1967) Statistical methods. 6th Edition, Ames, Iowa, the Iowa state University.
  • Spitzer-Rimon, B., Duchin, S., Bernstein, N., & Kamenetsky, R. (2019). Architecture and florogenesis in female Cannabis sativa plants. Frontiers in plant science, 10, 350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00350
  • Strzelczyk, M., Lochynska, M., & Chudy, M. (2021). Systematics and botanical characteristics of industrial hemp Cannabis sativa L. Journal of Natural Fibers, 1-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2021.1889443
  • TSI, Crop Production Statistics, Turkey Statistical Institute, 2020. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/(Accessed 30.09.2021)
  • Walck, J. L., Baskin, J. M., Baskin, C. C., & Hidayati, S. N. (2005). Defining transient and persistent seed banks in species with pronounced seasonal dormancy and germination patterns. Seed Science Research, 15(3), 189-196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/SSR2005209
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Burak Önol 0000-0003-3114-558X

Mehmet Uğur Yıldırım 0000-0002-7419-0682

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Ağustos 2021
Kabul Tarihi 1 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Önol, B., & Yıldırım, M. U. (2021). Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 5(4), 709-719. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32
AMA Önol B, Yıldırım MU. Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. Aralık 2021;5(4):709-719. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32
Chicago Önol, Burak, ve Mehmet Uğur Yıldırım. “Breaking Seed Dormancy and Regeneration in Cannabis Sativa L”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 5, sy. 4 (Aralık 2021): 709-19. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32.
EndNote Önol B, Yıldırım MU (01 Aralık 2021) Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 5 4 709–719.
IEEE B. Önol ve M. U. Yıldırım, “Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L”., int. j. agric. environ. food sci., c. 5, sy. 4, ss. 709–719, 2021, doi: 10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32.
ISNAD Önol, Burak - Yıldırım, Mehmet Uğur. “Breaking Seed Dormancy and Regeneration in Cannabis Sativa L”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 5/4 (Aralık 2021), 709-719. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32.
JAMA Önol B, Yıldırım MU. Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2021;5:709–719.
MLA Önol, Burak ve Mehmet Uğur Yıldırım. “Breaking Seed Dormancy and Regeneration in Cannabis Sativa L”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, c. 5, sy. 4, 2021, ss. 709-1, doi:10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.32.
Vancouver Önol B, Yıldırım MU. Breaking seed dormancy and regeneration in Cannabis sativa L. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2021;5(4):709-1.

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