Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Mersin Körfezi'nden Yakalanan Apogon queketti Kas Dokusu Metal Seviyelerine Mevsimin Etkisi

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 17, 1215 - 1221, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.657647

Öz

Su ürünleri insanlar için besleyici bir besin olmalarının yanısıra içeriklerindeki aşırı metal birikimleri ile de tehlikeli olabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’den (Mersin Körfezi) avlanan Apogon queketti türünün metal düzeyleri mevsimsel olarak araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca Apogon queketti tüketiminin tüketici sağlığı açısından olası risklerini öngörebilmek amacıyla haftada 1, 3 ve 7 gün tüketim durumlarında yetişkin ve çocuklarda kapsamlı risk değerlendirme (EWI, THQ, TTHQ, CRi) hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Bulgular, Türk Gıda Kodeksi ve dünya çapında geçerli olan diğer kodeksler kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen bulgular Mersin Körfezi'nde yakalanan A. queketti türünün macro elementler ve iz elementler açısından besleyici düzeyinin yüksek olduğunu ancak Cd ve As düzeyleri açısından insan sağlığı için potansiyel toksisite gösterebileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca metal düzeylerinin mevsimsel açıdan farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada incelenen tüm örneklerde EWI değerleri PTWI değerlerinin altında bulunmuştur. THQ<1 (çocuklar için haftada 7 gün tüketildiğinde iAs değeri haricinde) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çocuklarda 3 günlük tüketim neticesinde TTHQ'nun 1'e yakın olması nedeniyle dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Yetişkinlerdeki As elementinin THQ değerinin (0.9051) tehlike limite yakın olması nedeniyle 7 günlük tüketim sonrası TTHQ değeri >1 olarak bulunmuştur. Pb düzeylerinin tüketiciler için kanserojen risk düzeylerinin düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. CRiCd değeri 3 ve 7 günlük tüketimlerde çocuklar için riskli olurken yetişkinler için 7 günlük tüketim sonucu risk oluşturmaktadır. CRiAs değerleri ise yetişkinlerde 1 günlük alım sonrası risk oluşturmazken diğer tüm tespit edilen alım günlerinde her iki grup için risk oluşturduğu gözlenmiştir. Her ne kadar şuan ciddi bir ekonomik değere ve tüketim oranına sahip olmasa da, A.queketti zengin makro ve iz element içeriğine sahiptir. Haftalık tahmini alım oranları açısından yoğun tüketilmedikçe tüketici sağlığına yönelik olumsuz bir etkisi olmayacağı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucu elde edilen bulgular ışığında Apogon queketti kas dokusu metal seviyelerinin hayvan veya insan beslenmesi için sağlıklı bir diyet bileşeni olarak kabul edilebileceği sonucuna varılabilir.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmada emeği geçen Çukurova Üniversitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, İşleme Teknolojisi Laboratuvarındaki meslektaşlarıma çok teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Akyol, O., & Unal, V. (2015). Short communication Additional record of the Lessepsian Apogon queketti Gilchrist, 1903 (Osteichthyes: Apogonidae) from the Aegean Sea (Gokova Bay, Turkey). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1, 2.
  • Andaloro, F., Romeo, T., Renzi, M., Guerranti, C., Perra, G., Consoli, P., ... & Focardi, S. E. (2012). Alteration of potential harmful elements levels in sediments and biota from the central Mediterranean Sea (Aeolian Archipelago) following an episode of intense volcanic activity. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(7), 4035-4047.
  • ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Rigestry). (2017). Priority list of hazardous substances. Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Brown, M. T., & Depledge, M. H. (1998). Determinants of trace metal concentrations in marine organisms. In Metal metabolism in aquatic environments (pp. 185-217). Springer, Boston, MA.
  • Canli, M., & Atli, G. (2003). The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. Environmental pollution, 121(1). 129-136.
  • Copat, C., Arena, G., Fiore, M., Ledda, C., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., & Ferrante, M. (2013). Heavy metals concentrations in fish and shellfish from eastern Mediterranean Sea: consumption advisories. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 53, 33-37.
  • EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). (2009). Scientific Opinion on arsenic in food. EFSA Journal, 7(10), 1351.
  • Ersoy, B., & Çelik, M. (2010). The essential and toxic elements in tissues of six commercial demersal fish from Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48, 1377-1382.
  • Eryilmaz L. & Dalyan C., 2006. First record of Apogon queketti Gilchrist (Osteichthyes: Apogonidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Fish Biology, 69: 1251-1254, (EMEDTURLEV-L296)
  • FAO/WHO. (1983). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: twenty-seventh report of the Joint FAO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 983. Geneva, Italy
  • Froese, R.; Pauly, D., 2014: Fishbase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Available at: www.fishbase.org. Version (02/2014) (accessed on 22 April 2014).
  • Golani, D., Orsi-Relini, L., Massuti, E., & Quignard, J. P. (2002). CIESM Atlas of exotic species in the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Fishes. 256 pp. Available at: www.ciesm.org/online/atlas/ (accessed on 22 April 2014).
  • Ikem, A., & Egiebor, N. O. (2005). Assessment of trace elements in canned fishes (mackerel, tuna, salmon, sardines and herrings) marketed in Georgia and Alabama (United States of America). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 18, 771-787.
  • JECFA (2011). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: Seventyfourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 966. Rome, Italy
  • JECFA (2013). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: Seventyfourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 983. Rome, Italy
  • Korkmaz, C., Ay, Ö., Ersoysal, Y., Köroğlu, M. A., & Erdem, C. (2019). Heavy metal levels in muscle tissues of some fish species caught from north-east Mediterranean: Evaluation of their effects on human health. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 81, 1-9.
  • Kulcu, A. M., Ayas, D., Kosker, A. R., & Yatkin, K. (2014). The Investigation of metal and mineral levels of some marine species from the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Marine Biology & Oceanography, 3, 2, 2.
  • Monikh, F. A., Safahieh, A., Savari, A., & Doraghi, A. (2013). Heavy metal concentration in sediment, benthic, benthopelagic, and pelagic fish species from Musa Estuary (Persian Gulf). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185(1), 215-222.
  • Smith, J. L. B., 1965: The Sea fishes of Southern Africa, 5th edn. Central News Agency Ltd., South Africa. 580 pp.
  • Traina, A., Bono, G., Bonsignore, M., Falco, F., Giuga, M., Quinci, E. M., ... & Sprovieri, M. (2019). Heavy metals concentrations in some commercially key species from Sicilian coasts (Mediterranean Sea): Potential human health risk estimation. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 168, 466-478.
  • US EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). (2019). Regional screening levels (RSLs) – equations. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-equations
  • US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), 2008. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (Final Report) 2008. EPA/600/R-06/096F. National Center for Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC.
  • US EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2000). Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories, Volume II. Risk Assessment and Fish Consumption Limits. EPA 823-B-00-008. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
  • US EPA. (2014). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Mid- Atlantic Risk Assessment. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, URL:<http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/human/rb-oncentration_table/users- guide. htm> (Accessed 26.03.14).
  • Yılmaz, A.B. (2005). Comparison of heavy metal levels of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) and sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) caught in Iskenderun Bay (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29, 257–262.

The Effects of Season on Muscle Tissue Metal Levels of Apogon queketti Caught from Mersin Bay

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 17, 1215 - 1221, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.657647

Öz

In addition to being a nutritious nutrient for human beings, seafood can also be dangerous with excessive metal accumulation. In this study, the metal levels of Apogon queketti species caught in the Northeast Mediterranean (Mersin Bay) were seasonally investigated. Besides, comprehensive risk estimation (EWI, THQ, TTHQ, CR) calculations were performed in adult and children in case of consumption of 1, 3 and 7 days a week in order to determine the possible health risks of A. queketti consumption. The findings were evaluated within the scope of Turkish Food Codex and other codexes valid worldwide. At the end of the study, A. queketti muscle was found to have high nutrient levels in terms of macro and trace elements but it could show potential toxicity for human health in terms of Cd and As levels. In addition, it was found that the metal levels differed in terms of seasonal factors. EWI values in all samples were found to be below the PTWI values. THQ was found as <1 (except for iAs values for children when exposure time 7 days/week). People should be attention the fact that TTHQ is close to 1 as a result of exposure time 3 days/week for children. The THQ value (0.9051) of As element for adults was close to the limit of danger. As the THQ (0.9051) of As element is close to the danger limit, after exposure time 3 days/week for adults, the TTHQ value was found to be >1. Pb levels were found to be low carcinogenic risk levels for consumers. CRiCd value is risky for children in 3 and 7 days of intake, while it poses a risk for adults after 7 days of intake. CRiAs values did not pose any risk for adults after 1 day of intake, but it posed a risk for both groups on all other identified intake days. Although it does not currently have a significant economic value and consumption rate, A.queketti has a rich macro and trace element content. It is determined that it will not have a negative impact on consumer health unless it is consumed intensively in terms of estimated weekly purchase rates. It can be concluded that metal levels of Apogon queketti should be regarded as a healthy diet component for animal or human nutrition.

Kaynakça

  • Akyol, O., & Unal, V. (2015). Short communication Additional record of the Lessepsian Apogon queketti Gilchrist, 1903 (Osteichthyes: Apogonidae) from the Aegean Sea (Gokova Bay, Turkey). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 1, 2.
  • Andaloro, F., Romeo, T., Renzi, M., Guerranti, C., Perra, G., Consoli, P., ... & Focardi, S. E. (2012). Alteration of potential harmful elements levels in sediments and biota from the central Mediterranean Sea (Aeolian Archipelago) following an episode of intense volcanic activity. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(7), 4035-4047.
  • ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Rigestry). (2017). Priority list of hazardous substances. Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Brown, M. T., & Depledge, M. H. (1998). Determinants of trace metal concentrations in marine organisms. In Metal metabolism in aquatic environments (pp. 185-217). Springer, Boston, MA.
  • Canli, M., & Atli, G. (2003). The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. Environmental pollution, 121(1). 129-136.
  • Copat, C., Arena, G., Fiore, M., Ledda, C., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., & Ferrante, M. (2013). Heavy metals concentrations in fish and shellfish from eastern Mediterranean Sea: consumption advisories. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 53, 33-37.
  • EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). (2009). Scientific Opinion on arsenic in food. EFSA Journal, 7(10), 1351.
  • Ersoy, B., & Çelik, M. (2010). The essential and toxic elements in tissues of six commercial demersal fish from Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48, 1377-1382.
  • Eryilmaz L. & Dalyan C., 2006. First record of Apogon queketti Gilchrist (Osteichthyes: Apogonidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Fish Biology, 69: 1251-1254, (EMEDTURLEV-L296)
  • FAO/WHO. (1983). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: twenty-seventh report of the Joint FAO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 983. Geneva, Italy
  • Froese, R.; Pauly, D., 2014: Fishbase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Available at: www.fishbase.org. Version (02/2014) (accessed on 22 April 2014).
  • Golani, D., Orsi-Relini, L., Massuti, E., & Quignard, J. P. (2002). CIESM Atlas of exotic species in the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Fishes. 256 pp. Available at: www.ciesm.org/online/atlas/ (accessed on 22 April 2014).
  • Ikem, A., & Egiebor, N. O. (2005). Assessment of trace elements in canned fishes (mackerel, tuna, salmon, sardines and herrings) marketed in Georgia and Alabama (United States of America). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 18, 771-787.
  • JECFA (2011). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: Seventyfourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 966. Rome, Italy
  • JECFA (2013). Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: Seventyfourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. WHO technical report series no. 983. Rome, Italy
  • Korkmaz, C., Ay, Ö., Ersoysal, Y., Köroğlu, M. A., & Erdem, C. (2019). Heavy metal levels in muscle tissues of some fish species caught from north-east Mediterranean: Evaluation of their effects on human health. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 81, 1-9.
  • Kulcu, A. M., Ayas, D., Kosker, A. R., & Yatkin, K. (2014). The Investigation of metal and mineral levels of some marine species from the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Marine Biology & Oceanography, 3, 2, 2.
  • Monikh, F. A., Safahieh, A., Savari, A., & Doraghi, A. (2013). Heavy metal concentration in sediment, benthic, benthopelagic, and pelagic fish species from Musa Estuary (Persian Gulf). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185(1), 215-222.
  • Smith, J. L. B., 1965: The Sea fishes of Southern Africa, 5th edn. Central News Agency Ltd., South Africa. 580 pp.
  • Traina, A., Bono, G., Bonsignore, M., Falco, F., Giuga, M., Quinci, E. M., ... & Sprovieri, M. (2019). Heavy metals concentrations in some commercially key species from Sicilian coasts (Mediterranean Sea): Potential human health risk estimation. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 168, 466-478.
  • US EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). (2019). Regional screening levels (RSLs) – equations. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-equations
  • US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), 2008. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (Final Report) 2008. EPA/600/R-06/096F. National Center for Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC.
  • US EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). (2000). Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories, Volume II. Risk Assessment and Fish Consumption Limits. EPA 823-B-00-008. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
  • US EPA. (2014). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Mid- Atlantic Risk Assessment. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, URL:<http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/human/rb-oncentration_table/users- guide. htm> (Accessed 26.03.14).
  • Yılmaz, A.B. (2005). Comparison of heavy metal levels of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) and sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) caught in Iskenderun Bay (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29, 257–262.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yılmaz Uçar 0000-0002-6770-6652

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 17

Kaynak Göster

APA Uçar, Y. (2019). Mersin Körfezi’nden Yakalanan Apogon queketti Kas Dokusu Metal Seviyelerine Mevsimin Etkisi. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(17), 1215-1221. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.657647