Orta Düzey 17α-Etinilestradiol ve 4-n-Nonilfenol Konsantrasyonlarının Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811) (Cyprinidae)’nin Primer Hepatositlerinde Apoptoz Üzerine Olan Etkileri
Öz
Bu çalışmada 17α-etinilestradiol (EE2) ve 4-n-nonilfenol (NP)’ün düşük konsantrasyonlarının, Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811) (Cyprinidae)’den izole edilen hepatositlerde, apoptozis üzerine olan etkileri araştırıldı. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, EE2 ve NP’nin 0.1, 1 ve 10 µM konsantrasyonları hücrelere, 24 saat süre ile uygulandı. Daha sonra hücreler TUNEL ve propidyum iyodür ile boyandı ve apoptotik hücreler akım sitometrisi ile analiz edildi. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre apoptotik hücre yüzdesi her iki bileşiğin bütün konsantrasyonlarında arttı ancak bu artışların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı belirlendi. Öte yandan EE2 ve NP’nin 10 µM konsantrasyonunda, apoptotik hücre yüzdesinde, kontrol grubuna kıyasla, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olma yönünde eğilim gösteren yükselişler gözlendi (sırasıyla; P = 0.08 ve P = 0.12). Elde edilen bulgular hem EE2’nin hem de NP’nin balığın hepatositlerinde, karaciğer toksisitesi ile ilişki olarak, apoptozu uyarabilme potansiyeline sahip olduklarını göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Chalcalburnus tarichi apoptoz hepatosit kültürü akım sitometri 17α-Etinilestradiol -n-Nonilfenol
Destekleyen Kurum
Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Başkanlığı
Proje Numarası
2007-FED-B42
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Başkanlığı tarafından desteklenmiştir (Proje No: 2007-FED-B42). Desteğinden dolayı Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Başkanlığı’na teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Ahel, M., Giger, W., Koch, M., (1994). Behaviour of Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment-I. Occurence and Transformation in Sewage Treatment. Water Research, 28, 1131-1142.
- Aoki, M., Kurasaki, M., Saito, T., Seki, S., Hosokawa, T., Takahashi, Y., Fujita, H., Iwakuma, T., (2004). Nonylphenol Enhances Apoptosis Induced by Serum Deprivation in PC12 Cells. Life Sciences, 74, 2301-2312.
- Arukwe, A., Förlin, L., Goksøyr, A., (1997). Xenobiotic and Steroid Biotransformation Enzymes in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Liver Treated with an Estrogenic Compound, 4-Nonylphenol. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16, 2576-2583.
- Bols, N.C., Dayeh, V.R., Lee, L.E.J., Schirmer, K., (2005). Use of fish Cell Lines in the Toxicology and Ecotoxicology of Fish. Piscine cell lines in environmental toxicology. In: Mommsen, T. P., Moon, T. W., (editors). Biochemistry and molecular biology of fishes. Elsevier B. V., Amsterdam, vol.: 6, p. 43–84.
- Bursch, W., Fuerhacker, M., Gemeiner, M., Grillitsch, B., Jungbauer, A., Kreuzinger, N., Moesti, E., Scharf, S., Schmid, E., Skutan, S., Walter, I., (2004). Endocrine Disrupters in the Aquatic Environment: The Austrian Approach-ARCEM. Water Science Technology, 50, 293-300.
- Colborn, T., Vom Saal, F. S., Soto, A. M., (1993). Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans. Environmental Health Perspectives, 101(5), 378-384.
- Coricovac, D., Farcas, C., Nica, C., Pinzaru, I., Simu, S., Stoian, D., Soica C., Proks M., Avram S., Navolan D., Dumitru C., Popovici., R.A., Dehelean C.A., Dumitru, C. (2018). Ethinylestradiol and Levonorgestrel as Active Agents in Normal Skin, and Pathological Conditions Induced by UVB Exposure: In vitro and In ovo Assessments. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11), 3600.
- Fossi, M.C., Casini, S., Marsili, L., Ancora, S., Mori, G., Neri, G., Romeo, T., Ausili, A., (2004). Evaulation of Ecotoxicological Effects of Endocrine Disruters During a Four-Year Survey of the Mediterranean Population of Swordfish (Xiphias gladius). Marine Environmental Research, 58, 425-429.
- Gavrieli, Y., Sherman Y., Ben-Sasson, S.A., (1992). Identification of Programmed Cell Death In Situ via Specific Labelling of Nuclear DNA Fragmentation. Journal of Cell Biology, 119, 493-501.
- Hassanin, M., Kuwahara, S., Nurdihayat, Tsukamoto, Y., Ogawa, K., Hiramatsu, K., Sasaki, F., (2002). Gonadosomatic Index and Testis Morphology of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Rivers Contaminated with Estrogenic Chemicals. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 64, 921-926.
- Haubruge, E., Petit, F., Cage, M.J.G., (2000). Reduced Sperms Counts in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) Following Exposure to Low Levels of Tributylin and Bisphenol A. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 267, 2333-2337.
- Jobling, S., Nolan, M., Tyler, C.R., Brighty, G., Sumpter, J.P., (1998). Widespread Sexual Disruption in Wild Fish. Environmental Science and Technology, (32), 2498-2506.
- Jobling, S., Sumpter, J.P., (1993). Detergent Components in Sewage Effluent are Weakly Oestrogenic to Fish: An in vitro Study Using Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Hepatocytes. Aquatic Toxicology, 27, 361-372.
- Kannan, K., Keith, T.L., Naylor, C.G., Staples, C.A., Snyder, S.A., Giesy, J.P., (2003). Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol Ethoxylates in Fish, Sediment, and Water from the Kalamazoo River, Michigan. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 44, 77-82.
- Kavanagh, R.J., Balch, G.C., Kiparissis, Y., Nimi, A.J., Sherry, J., Tinson, C., Metcalfe, C.D., (2004). Endocrine Disruption and Altered Gonadal Development in White Perch (Morone americana) from the Lower Great Lakes Region. Environmental Health Perspectives, 112, 898-902.
- Kinnberg, K., Toft, G., (2003). Effects of Estrogenic and Androgenic Compounds on the Testis Structure of the Adult Guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 54, 16-24.
- Knoebl, I., Hemmer, J.H., Denslow, N.D., (2004). Induction of Zona Radiata and Vitellogenin Genes in Estradiol and Nonylphenol Exposed Male Sheepshead Minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus). Marine Environmental Research, 58, 547-551.
- Labadie, P., Budzinski, H., (2006). Alteration of Steroid Hormone Profile in Juvenile Turbot (Psetta maxima) as a Consequence of Short-Term Exposure to 17α-Ethinylestradiol. Chemosphere, 64, 1274-1286.
- Lamche, G., Burkhardt-Holm, P., (2000). Changes in Apoptotic Rate and Cell Viability in Three Fish Epidermis Cultures after Exposure to Nonylphenol and to a Wastewater Sample Containing Low concentrations of Nonylphenol. Biomarkers, 5(3), 205-218.
- Larsson, D.G.J., Adolfsson-Erici, M., Parkkonen, J., Pettersen, M., Berg, A.H., Olsson, P.-E., Förlin, L., (1999). Ethinylestradiol-an Undesired Fish Contraceptive?. Aquatic Toxicology. 45, 91-97.
- L Brevini, T. A., Zanetto, S. B., Cillo, F., (2005). Effects of Endocrine disruptors on Developmental and Reproductive Functions. Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 5(1), 1-10.
- Mortensen, A.S., Tolfsen, C.C., Arukwe, A., (2006). Gene Expression Patterns in Estrogen (Nonylphenol) and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonists (PCB-77) Interaction Using Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Primary Hepatocyte Culture. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 69, 1-19.
- Schwartzman, R.A., Cidlowski, J.A, (1993). Apoptosis: The Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Programmed Cell Death. Endocrinology, (14), 133-151.
- Sole, M., Porte, C., Barceló, D., 2000. Vitellogenin Induction and Other Biochemical Responses in Carp, Cyprinus carpio, After Experimental Injection with 17α- Ethinylestradiol. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 38, 494-500.
- Sumpter, J.P., Jobling, S., (1995). Vitellogenesis as a Biomarker for Estrogenic Contamination of the Aquatic Environment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 173-178.
- Sweet, L.I., Passino-Reader, D.R., Meier, P.G., Omann, G.M., (1999). Xenobiotic-Induced Apoptosis: Signifigance and Potential Application as a General Biomarker of Response. Biomarkers, 4, 237-253.
- Ternes, T.A., Stumpf, M., Mueller, J., Haberer, K., Wilken, R.D., Servos, M., 1999. Behavior and Occurence of Estrogens in Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants. I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil. Science of the Total Environment, 225, 81-90.
- Tollefsen, K.-E., Mathisen, R., Stenersen, J., (2003). Induction of Vitellogenin Synthesis in An Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Hepatocyte Culture: A Sensitive in vitro Bioassay for the Oestrogenic and Anti-oestrogenic Activity of Chemicals. Biomarkers, 8, 394-407.
- Vigano, L., Arillo, A., Bottero, S., Massari, A., Mandich, A., (2001). First Observation of Intersex Cyprinids in the Po River (Italy). Science of the Total Environment, 269, 189-194.
- Villeneuve, D.L., Villalobos, S.A., Keith, T.L., Snyder, E.M., Fitzgerald, S.D., Giesy, J.P., (2002). Effects of Waterborne Exposure to 4-Nonylphenol on Plasma Sex Steroid and Vitellogenin Concentrations in Sexually Mature Male Carp (Cyprinus Carpio). Chemosphere, 47, 15-28.
- Wan, L., O’Brien, P. (2014). Molecular mechanism of 17α-Ethinylestradiol Cytotoxicity in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes. Canadian journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 92(1), 21-26.
- Weber, L.P., Hill, Jr, R.L., Janz, D.M., (2003). Developmental Estrogenic Exposure in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): II. Histological Evaluation of Gametogenesis and Organ Toxicity. Aquatic Toxicology, 63, 431-446.
- Yao, G., Yang, L., Hu, Y., Liang, J., Hou, Y., (2006). Nonylphenol-Induced Thymocyte Apoptosis Involved Caspase-3 Activation and Mitochondrial Depolarization. Molecular Immunology, 43(7), 915-926.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 2007-FED-B42 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 18 Aralık 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Ekim 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1 |
