Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri

Mustafa Portakaldalı; Serdar Satar

doi:10.16882/derim.2015.44626

Side effects of some pesticides on the silverleaf whitefly’s parasitoid, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) under laboratory conditions

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 143 - 160, 28.12.2015

Mustafa Portakaldalı Serdar Satar

Öz

The silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of major pests in greenhouses vegetable cultivation. Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) has an important role among effective parasitoids used in biological control of the silverleaf whitefly. Nondestructive or less destructive pesticides against this parasitoid should be preferred in the scope of biological control. For this goal, side effects of 8 plant protection products, including spinosad, pyriproxyfen, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, copper oxychloride, kresoxim-methyl+boscalid, dimethoate and propineb+cymoxanil on pupae and adults of E. mundus were tested in this laboratory study conducted according to IOBC standards. As a result, pesticides containing spinosad, abamectin and dimethoate were determined as highly destructive to pupae and adults of E. mundus, and pesticide containing emamectin benzoate was found as moderately harmful. As for propineb+cymoxanil, pyriproxyfen, kresoxim-methyl+boscalid and copper oxychloride, they were determined as ineffective on the parasitoid under laboratory conditions. These results obtained from experiments that were conducted under laboratory conditions also have to be supported by field or semi-field experiment’s results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eretmocerus mundus; Greenhouse; Biological control; IOBC; Side effect

Kaynakça

Abbott, W., S. (1925). A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
Abdalla, T.E.E. (2007). Parasitism Efficiency of Eretmocerus mundus Mercet on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) İnfesting Cotton Crop and its Interaction with Insecticides Applied in New Halfa Agricultural Scheme (Sudan). Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research, 8: 149-155.
Amano, H. & M. Haseeb (2001). Recently-proposed methods and concepts of testing the effects of pesticides on the beneficial mite and insect species: Study limitations and implications in IPM. Applied Entomology And Zoology, 36(1):1-11.
Amor, F., Medina, P., Bengochea, P., Cánovas, M., Vega, P., Correia, R., García, F., Gómez, M., Budia, F., Viñuela, E. & López, J.A. (2012a). Effect of Emamectin Benzoate under semi-field and field conditions on key predatory biological control agents used in vegetable greenhouses. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 22(2): 219-232.
Amor, F., Bengochea, P., Velázquez, E., Morales, I., Garzón, A., Fernández, M., Medina, P., Smagghe, G., Fereres, A. & Viñuela, E. (2012b). Residual contact activity and persistence of novel pesticides on the natural enemies Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae). IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 82: p. 62.
Anonim (2010). Pestisitlerin Faydalı Organizmalara Standart Yan Etki Deneme Metotları. Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, Bitki Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı Yayınları, 44s.
Anonim (2013). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Erişim tarihi: 19 Mart 2014.
Bengochea, P., Medina, P., Amor, F., Cánovas, M., Vega, P., Correia, R., García, F., Gómez, M., Budia, F., Viñuela, E. & López, J.A. (2012). The effect of Emamectin Benzoate on two parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), used in pepper greenhouses. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3):806-814.
Bernard M.B., P.A. Horne & A.A. Hoffmann, (2004). Developing eco-toxicological testing standard for predatory mites in Australia: acute and sub-lethal effects of fungicides on Euseius victoriensis and Galendromus occidentalis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae.). Journal of Economic Entomology,97: 891-899.
Bernard, M.B., Cole, P., Kobelt, A., Horne, P.A. Altmann, J., Wratten, S.D. & Yen, A.I. (2010). Reducing the impact of pesticides on biological control in Australian vineyards: Pesticide mortality and fecundity effects on an indicator species, the predatory mite Euseius victoriensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 103(6): 2061-2071.
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Bostanian, N.J. & Akalach, M. (2004). The contact toxicity of indoxacarb and five other insecticides to Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), beneficials used in the greenhouse industry. Pest Management Science, 60(12):1231–1236.
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Dinter, A., Brugger, K., Bassi, A., Frost, N.M. & Woodward, M.D. (2008). Chlorantraniliprole (DPX-E2Y45, DuPont™ Rynaxypyr®, Coragen® and Altacor® insecticide) - a novel Anthranilic Diamide İnsecticide - demonstrating low toxicity and low risk for beneficial insects and predatory mites. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 35: 128-135.
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Fernández, M.M., Amor, F., Bengochea, P., Velázquez, E., Medina, P., Fereres, A. & Viñuela, E. (2012). Effects of the insecticides Methoxyfenozide and Abamectin to adults of the whitefly natural enemies Eretmocerus mundus (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) under laboratory conditions. IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 82: 1-7.
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Gradish, A.E., Scott-Dupree, C.D., Shipp, L., Harrisa, C.R. & Ferguson, G. 2010. Effect of reduced risk pesticides on greenhouse vegetable arthropod biological control agents. Pest Management Science; 67: 82–86.
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Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 143 - 160, 28.12.2015

Mustafa Portakaldalı Serdar Satar

Öz

Örtüaltı sebze yetiştiriciliğinde, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en önemli zararlılardan biridir. Tütün beyazsineğine karşı biyolojik mücadelede etkin olarak kullanılan parazitoitler arasında Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) önemli bir yer almaktadır. Eretmocerus mundus ile yapılan biyolojik mücadelede, bu parazitoite zarar vermeyen veya en az zarar veren pestisitler tercih edilmelidir. Bu kapsamda, IOBC standartlarına göre laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülen bu çalışmada, E. mundus’un pupa ve ergin bireylerine spinosad, pyriproxyfen, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, bakıroksiklorür, kresoxim-methyl+boscalid, dimethoate ve propineb+cymoxanil olmak üzere 8 bitki koruma ürününün yan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, spinosad, abamectin ve dimethoate aktif maddeli pestisitlerin E. mundus’un erginlerine ve pupalarına yüksek düzeyde, emamectin benzoate içeren pestisitin ise orta düzeyde zararlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Propineb+cymoxanil, pyriproxyfen, kresoxim-methyl+boscalid ve bakıroksiklorür’ün ise laboratuvar koşullarında zararsız olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Laboratuvar koşullarında yapılan bu denemeden elde edilen sonuçlar, yarı tarla veya tarla denemelerinden elde edilecek sonuçlar ile desteklenmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eretmocerus mundus; Örtüaltı; Biyolojik mücadele; IOBC; Yan etki

Kaynakça

Abbott, W., S. (1925). A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
Abdalla, T.E.E. (2007). Parasitism Efficiency of Eretmocerus mundus Mercet on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) İnfesting Cotton Crop and its Interaction with Insecticides Applied in New Halfa Agricultural Scheme (Sudan). Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research, 8: 149-155.
Amano, H. & M. Haseeb (2001). Recently-proposed methods and concepts of testing the effects of pesticides on the beneficial mite and insect species: Study limitations and implications in IPM. Applied Entomology And Zoology, 36(1):1-11.
Amor, F., Medina, P., Bengochea, P., Cánovas, M., Vega, P., Correia, R., García, F., Gómez, M., Budia, F., Viñuela, E. & López, J.A. (2012a). Effect of Emamectin Benzoate under semi-field and field conditions on key predatory biological control agents used in vegetable greenhouses. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 22(2): 219-232.
Amor, F., Bengochea, P., Velázquez, E., Morales, I., Garzón, A., Fernández, M., Medina, P., Smagghe, G., Fereres, A. & Viñuela, E. (2012b). Residual contact activity and persistence of novel pesticides on the natural enemies Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae). IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 82: p. 62.
Anonim (2010). Pestisitlerin Faydalı Organizmalara Standart Yan Etki Deneme Metotları. Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, Bitki Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı Yayınları, 44s.
Anonim (2013). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Erişim tarihi: 19 Mart 2014.
Bengochea, P., Medina, P., Amor, F., Cánovas, M., Vega, P., Correia, R., García, F., Gómez, M., Budia, F., Viñuela, E. & López, J.A. (2012). The effect of Emamectin Benzoate on two parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), used in pepper greenhouses. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3):806-814.
Bernard M.B., P.A. Horne & A.A. Hoffmann, (2004). Developing eco-toxicological testing standard for predatory mites in Australia: acute and sub-lethal effects of fungicides on Euseius victoriensis and Galendromus occidentalis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae.). Journal of Economic Entomology,97: 891-899.
Bernard, M.B., Cole, P., Kobelt, A., Horne, P.A. Altmann, J., Wratten, S.D. & Yen, A.I. (2010). Reducing the impact of pesticides on biological control in Australian vineyards: Pesticide mortality and fecundity effects on an indicator species, the predatory mite Euseius victoriensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 103(6): 2061-2071.
Boller, E.F., Vogt, H., Ternes, P. & Malavolta, C. (2006). Working document on selectivity of pesticides. Internal Newsletter Issued by the Publication Commission for the IOBC/WPRS COUNCIL and Executive Committee, ISSUE Nr. 40.
Bostanian, N.J. & Akalach, M. (2004). The contact toxicity of indoxacarb and five other insecticides to Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), beneficials used in the greenhouse industry. Pest Management Science, 60(12):1231–1236.
Candolfi, M.P., Blumel, S., Forster, R., Bakker, F. M., Grimm, C., Hassan, S. A., Heimbach, U., Mead-Briggs, M. A., Reber, B., Schmuck, R. & Vogt, H. (2000). Guidelines to Evaluate Side-Effects of Plant Protection Products to Non-Target Arthropods. IOBC, BART and EPPO Joint Initiative. IX+ 158 pp.
Çömelekoğlu, Ü., Mazmancı, B., & Arpacı, A. (2000). Pestisidlerin kronik etkisine maruz kalan tarım işçilerinde karaciğer fonksiyonlarının incelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Biology, 24, 461-466.
Dinter, A., Brugger, K., Bassi, A., Frost, N.M. & Woodward, M.D. (2008). Chlorantraniliprole (DPX-E2Y45, DuPont™ Rynaxypyr®, Coragen® and Altacor® insecticide) - a novel Anthranilic Diamide İnsecticide - demonstrating low toxicity and low risk for beneficial insects and predatory mites. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 35: 128-135.
Durmuşoğlu, E., Salaman, M. Civelek, H.S., Hatipoğlu, A. & Balcı, H. (2009). Effect of various hues of yellow as sticky trap color on leafminers in cucumber growing greenhouses. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 33(3): 163-170.
Fernández, M.M., Amor, F., Bengochea, P., Velázquez, E., Medina, P., Fereres, A. & Viñuela, E. (2012). Effects of the insecticides Methoxyfenozide and Abamectin to adults of the whitefly natural enemies Eretmocerus mundus (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) under laboratory conditions. IOBC-WPRS Bulletin, 82: 1-7.
Gerling, D. & Sinai, P. (1994). Buprofezin effects on two parasitoid species of whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 87: 842-846.
Gradish, A.E., Scott-Dupree, C.D., Shipp, L., Harrisa, C.R. & Ferguson, G. 2010. Effect of reduced risk pesticides on greenhouse vegetable arthropod biological control agents. Pest Management Science; 67: 82–86.
Gücük, M. & Yoldaş, Z. (2000). Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae)'nin parazitoiti, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)'nin bazı biyolojik özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 24(2): 143-152.
Haseeb, M., Amano, H. & Nemoto, H. (2000). Effects of pesticides on the mortality and beneficial capacity of Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a primary parasitoid of the diamondback moth. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 22(9): 39-48.
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Jansen, J.-P.& Preud’homme, V. (2012). Developing a method to test the repulsive effects of pesticides for the parasitic wasp Aphidius rhopalosiphi. Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms IOBC-WPRS Bulletin , 82:45-51.
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Kasap, İ. (2004). Elma bahçelerinde kullanılan bazı tarımsal savaş ilaçlarının daldırma yöntemi ile avcı akar Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans) (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) üzerine etkileri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2): 149-152.
Kumar, P., Whitten, M., Thoeming, G., Borgemeister, C. & Poehling, H.M. (2008). Effects of Biopesticides on Eretmocerus warrae (Hym., Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hem., Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 138: 605-613.
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Taş, T. (2008). Pamukta kullanılan bazı pestisitlerin beyazsinek parazitoidi, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a olan etkilerinin laboratuvar koşullarında belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 40s.
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Van de Veire, M. & Tirry, L. (2003). Side effects of pesticides on four species of beneficials used in IPM in glasshouse vegetable crops: “worst case” laboratory tests. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 26(5): 41–50.
Van de Veire, M., Viñuela, E., Bernardo, U., Tirry, L., Adán, A. & Viggiani, G. (2004). Duration of the toxicity of Abamectin, Spinosad on the parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa Gahan in Northern and Southern Europe. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 27(6): 21-30, (2004).
Wang, Y., Yu, R., Zhao, X., Chen, L., Wu, C., Cang, T. & Wang, Q. 2012. Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action. Crop Protection, 34:76-82.
Yaşarakıncı, N., Kılıç, T., Turanlı, F. & Kısmalı, Ş. (2009). Ege Bölgesi’nde entegre zararlı yönetimi uygulanan domates seralarında Cyrtopeltis tenius Reut. (Hemiptera: Miridae) ve beyazsinekler [(Bemisia tabaci Genn., Trialeurodes vaporariorum West. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)]’in popülasyon gelişmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 49(1):11-20.
Yoldaş, Z. (1995). Hıyar seralarında zararlı Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae)'ye karşı biyolojik savaşta Encarsia formosa (Gahan) (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae)'nın etkinliği üzerinde bir araştırma. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 19(2): 95-100.

Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Mustafa Portakaldalı Serdar Satar
Yayımlanma Tarihi	28 Aralık 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2015 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Portakaldalı, M., & Satar, S. (2015). Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri. Derim, 32(2), 143-160. https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2015.44626
AMA	Portakaldalı M, Satar S. Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri. DERİM. Aralık 2015;32(2):143-160. doi:10.16882/derim.2015.44626
Chicago	Portakaldalı, Mustafa, ve Serdar Satar. “Bazı ilaçların Laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği Parazitoiti Eretmocerus Mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı Yan Etkileri”. Derim 32, sy. 2 (Aralık 2015): 143-60. https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2015.44626.
EndNote	Portakaldalı M, Satar S (01 Aralık 2015) Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri. Derim 32 2 143–160.
IEEE	M. Portakaldalı ve S. Satar, “Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri”, DERİM, c. 32, sy. 2, ss. 143–160, 2015, doi: 10.16882/derim.2015.44626.
ISNAD	Portakaldalı, Mustafa - Satar, Serdar. “Bazı ilaçların Laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği Parazitoiti Eretmocerus Mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı Yan Etkileri”. Derim 32/2 (Aralık 2015), 143-160. https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2015.44626.
JAMA	Portakaldalı M, Satar S. Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri. DERİM. 2015;32:143–160.
MLA	Portakaldalı, Mustafa ve Serdar Satar. “Bazı ilaçların Laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği Parazitoiti Eretmocerus Mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı Yan Etkileri”. Derim, c. 32, sy. 2, 2015, ss. 143-60, doi:10.16882/derim.2015.44626.
Vancouver	Portakaldalı M, Satar S. Bazı ilaçların laboratuvar koşullarında, tütün beyazsineği parazitoiti Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)’a karşı yan etkileri. DERİM. 2015;32(2):143-60.