Research Article
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Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents in the Edible Tissues of the Picarel (Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) from the Southeastern Black Sea: Human Health Risk Assessment

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 4, 480 - 490, 31.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğu
kıyısı boyunca (Rize-Artvin) aylık (Eylül 2015-Temmuz 2016) avlanan izmaritlerin
(Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) yenilebilir dokularındaki ağır
metallerin (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co ve Ni) derişimleri belirlendi. Cd, Co ve
Mn derişimlerinin tespit limitlerinin altında iken, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr ve Ni
konsantrasyonlarının sırasıyla 0,17-0,30; 5,41-10,95; 0,28-0,53; 0,16-0,42;
0,12-0,41 mg kg-1 (yaş ağırlık) arasında değiştiği tespit edildi.
İzmarit balıklarının yenilebilir dokularındaki Cd ve Pb konsantrasyonlarının Avrupa
Komisyonu ve
Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen
en yüksek izin verilebilir limit değerlerinin (Cd:  
0,05 mg kg-1 ve Pb: 0,30
mg kg-1)
altında olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca
dokulardaki metal konsantrasyonlarından ve tüketim verilerinden yararlanılarak
hesaplanan Risk Katsayısına (RK) göre elde edilen değerlerin sınır değer olarak
belirtilen RK 1’i aşmadığı saptandı. Bu sonuçlar ışığında, örnekleme
bölgelerinden avlanan izmaritlerin tüketimi belirtilen metaller için insan
sağlığı açısından herhangi bir potansiyel risk oluşturmayacağı söylenebilir.

References

  • Akcay, M. ve Moon, C.J. (2004). The environmental impact of mining in the Pontides, Turkey: reconnaissance sampling and GIS-based analysis. Geochemistry-Exploration Environment Analysis, 4, 317-328.
  • Alkan, N., Aktas, M. ve Gedik, K. (2012). Comparison of metal accumulation in fish species from the southeastern black sea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88, 807-812.
  • Alkan, N., Alkan, A., Akbaş, U. ve Fisher, A. (2015). Metal pollution assessment in sediments of the southeastern Black Sea Coast of Turkey. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 24, 290-305.
  • Altaş, L. ve Büyükgüngör, H. (2007). Heavy metal pollution in the Black Sea shore and offshore of Turkey. Environmental Geology, 52, 469-476.
  • Başara, B.B., Güler, C., Soytutan, İ., Aygün, A. ve TA, Ö. (2016). Republic of turkey ministry of health health statistics yearbook 2015. Ministry of Health Publication, Ankara, 248 pp.
  • Bat, L., Arıcı, E., Sezgin, M. ve Şahin, F. (2016). Heavy metals in edible tissues of benthic organisms from samsun coasts, south black sea, turkey and their potential risk to human health, Journal of Food and Health Science, 2, 57-66.
  • Bat, L., Arıcı, E., Sezgin, M. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Heavy metal levels in commercial fishes caught in the southern Black sea coast. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 4, 94-102.
  • Bat, L., Sezgin, M. Üstün, F. ve Şahin, F. (2012). Heavy Metal Concentrations in Ten Species of Fishes Caught in Sinop Coastal Waters of the Black Sea, Turkey Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 371-376.
  • Belabed, B.E., Laffray, X., Dhib, A., Fertouna-Belakhal, M., Turki, S. ve Aleya, L. (2013). Factors contributing to heavy metal accumulation in sediments and in the intertidal mussel Perna perna in the Gulf of Annaba (Algeria). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 74, 477-489.
  • Bilandžić, N., Maja Đ. ve Marija, S. (2011). Metal content determination in four fish species from the Adriatic Sea, Food Chemistry, 124, 1005-1010.
  • Botsford, L.W., Castilla, J.C., ve Peterson, C.H. (1997). The management of fisheries and marine ecosystems. Science, 277, 509-515.
  • Cheng, Z., Mo, W.Y., Lam, C.L., Choi, W.M., ve Wong, M.H. (2015). Replacing fish meal by food waste to produce lower trophic level fish containing acceptable levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Health risk assessments. Science of the Total Environment, 523, 253-261.
  • Csuros, M. ve Csuros, C. (2002). Environmental sampling and analysis for metals, CRC, Boca Raton, p. 161-178.
  • Çevik, U., Damla, N., Kobya, A. I., Bulut, V. N., Duran, C., Dalgıc, G. ve Bozacı, R. (2008). Assessment of metal element concentrations in mussel (M. Galloprovincialis) in Eastern Black Sea, Turkey. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 160, 396-401.
  • Çulha, S.T., Bat, L., Çulha, M., Efendioğlu, A., Andaç, M.B. ve Bati, B. (2007). Heavy metals levels in some fishes and molluscs from Sinop Peninsula of the Southern Black Sea, Turkey. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. Medit. 38, 323.
  • De Sherbinin, A., Carr, D., Cassels, S. ve Jiang, L. (2007). Population and environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 32, 345-373.
  • EC (European Commision), (2006). Regulation no. 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Off J Eur Union L364-5–L364-24.
  • EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), (2004)., Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain on a request from the Commission related to mercury and methylmercury in food. EFSA J 34:1–14. Available from: http://www.efsa.eu.int/.
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 1996. Microwave assisted acid digestion of siliceous and organically based matrices, 20s.
  • Ergül, H.A., Topcuoğlu, S., Ölmez, E. ve Kırbaşoğlu, Ç. (2008). Heavy metals in sinking particles and bottom sediments from the eastern Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 78, 396-402.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), (1983) Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products food and agriculture organization fishery circular no. 464
  • Gedik, K., DeLaune, R.D., Kongchum, M., ve Gambrell, R.P. (2017a). Physicochemical factors controlling stability of toxic heavy metals and metalloids in wetland soils and sediments. J. Rinklebe, A.S. Knox, M. Paller (eds.), Trace Elements in Waterlogged Soils and Sediments. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL: 17-25.
  • Gedik, K. (2017b). Bioaccessibility of heavy metals in rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846): Assessing human health risk using an in vitro digestion model. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 1-12. Doi:10.1080/10807039.2017.1373329
  • He M, Ke C-H, Tian L. ve Li H-B (2016). Bioaccessibility and Health Risk Assessment of Cu, Cd, and Zn in Colored Oysters. Arch Environ Con Tox 70:595-606.
  • Külcü, AM, Ayas, D., Köşker, A.R. ve Yatkın, K. (2014). The investigation of metal and mineral levels of some marine species from the northeastern mediterranean sea. Journal of Marine Biology & Oceanography, 3,1-4.
  • Laird, B.D. ve Chan, H.M. (2013). Bioaccessibility of metals in fish, shellfish, wild game, and seaweed harvested in British Columbia, Canada. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 58, 381-387.
  • Maulvault, A.L., Machado, R., Afonso, C., Lourenço, H.M., Nunes, M.L., Coelho, I., Langerholc, T. ve Marques, A. (2011). Bioaccessibility of Hg, Cd and As in cooked black scabbard fish and edible crab. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 2808-2815.
  • Miller, J.N. ve Miller, J.C. (2010). Statistics and chemometrics for analytical chemistry. Pearson/Prentice Hall, Atlanta, 296 pp.
  • Nisbet, C., Terzi, G., Pilger, O. ve Sarac, N. (2010) Deternination of heavy metal levels in fish sample collected from the Middle Black Sea. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 16,119-125.
  • Norwitz, W. (1970). Drained weight determination of frozen glazed fish and other marine products. Method of Analysis of the AOAC, 339s.
  • Silva, E., Viana, Z. C., Souza, N. F., Korn, M. G. ve Santos, V. L. (2016). Assessment of essential elements and chemical contaminants in thirteen fish species from the Bay Aratu, Bahia, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76, 871-877.
  • Tacon, A.G. ve Metian, M. (2013). Fish matters: importance of aquatic foods in human nutrition and global food supply. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 21, 22-38.
  • Thilsted, S.H., James, D., Toppe, J., Subasinghe, R. ve Karunasagar, I. (2014). Maximizing the contribution of fish to human nutrition. In ICN2 Second International Conference on Nutrition. FAO and World Health Organisation.
  • Topcuoglu, S., Kırbaşoğlu, Ç. ve Yılmaz, Y.Z. (2004). Heavy metal levels in biota and sediments in the northern coast of the marmara sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 96, 183–189.
  • Topcuoğlu, S., Ergül, H.A., Baysal, A., Ölmez, E. ve Kut, D. (2003). Determination of radıonuclıde and heavy metal concentrations in biota and sediment samples from Pazar and Rize stations ın the eastern Black sea. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 12, 695-699.
  • Tuzen, M. (2009). Toxic and essential trace elemental contents in fish species from the Black Sea, Turkey. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47, 1785–1790.
  • TUİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu), (2017). Su ürünleri istastistikleri, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr (giriş December 10, 17)
  • TGKBY (Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği) (2011) Resmi Gazete, Sayı : 28157 (3. Mükerrer), 29 Aralık 2011 Perşembe, Ek. 1.http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111229M3-8-1.pdf. (giriş December 10, 17)
  • Türkmen, A., Tepe, Y. ve Türkmen, M. (2008). Metal Levels in Tissues of the European Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L., 1758), and Picarel, (Spicara smaris L., 1758) from Black, Marmara and Aegean Seas. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 80, 521-525.
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) 2017. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Regional Screening Level (RSL) Summary Table, Washington, DC, USA, https://semspub.epa.gov/work/03/2245073.pdf.
  • USFDA (US Food and Drug Administration), (2004). What you need to know about mercury in fish and shellfish. Washington (DC): USFDA. Available from: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/admehg3.html/.
  • Vieira, C., Morais, S. Ramos, S. Delerue-Matos, C. ve Oliveira, M.B.P.P. 2011. Mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic levels in three pelagic fish species from the Atlantic Ocean: Intra- and inter-specific variability and human health risks for consumption. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49: 923-32.

Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini"

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 4, 480 - 490, 31.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğu kıyısı
boyunca (Rize-Artvin) aylık olarak (Eylül 2015-Temmuz 2016) avlanan izmarit (Spicara
flexuosa
Rafinesque, 1810) balıklarının yenilebilir dokularındaki ağır
metallerin (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co ve Ni) derişimleri belirdi. Cd, Co ve Mn
derişimlerinin tespit limitlerinin altında iken, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr ve Ni
konsantrasyonlarının ise sırasıyla 0,17-0,30; 5,41-10,95; 0,28-0,53; 0,16-0,42;
0,12-0,41 mg kg-1 (yaş ağırlık) arasında değiştiği tespit edildi.
İzmarit balıklarının yenilebilir dokularındaki Cd ve Pb konsantrasyonarı Avrupa
Komisyonu ve
Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen en
yüksek izin verilebilir limit değerinin altında olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca
dokulardaki metal konsantrasyonlarından ve tüketim verilerinden yararlanılarak
hesaplanan Risk Katsayısına (RK) göre elde edilen değerlerin sınır değer olarak
belirtilen RK 1’i aşmadığı saptandı. Bu sonuçlar ışığında, örnekleme
bölgelerinden alınan izmarit balıklarının tüketimi belirtilen metaller için insan
sağlığı açısından herhangi bir potansiyel risk oluşturmayacağı söylenebilir.


References

  • Akcay, M. ve Moon, C.J. (2004). The environmental impact of mining in the Pontides, Turkey: reconnaissance sampling and GIS-based analysis. Geochemistry-Exploration Environment Analysis, 4, 317-328.
  • Alkan, N., Aktas, M. ve Gedik, K. (2012). Comparison of metal accumulation in fish species from the southeastern black sea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88, 807-812.
  • Alkan, N., Alkan, A., Akbaş, U. ve Fisher, A. (2015). Metal pollution assessment in sediments of the southeastern Black Sea Coast of Turkey. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 24, 290-305.
  • Altaş, L. ve Büyükgüngör, H. (2007). Heavy metal pollution in the Black Sea shore and offshore of Turkey. Environmental Geology, 52, 469-476.
  • Başara, B.B., Güler, C., Soytutan, İ., Aygün, A. ve TA, Ö. (2016). Republic of turkey ministry of health health statistics yearbook 2015. Ministry of Health Publication, Ankara, 248 pp.
  • Bat, L., Arıcı, E., Sezgin, M. ve Şahin, F. (2016). Heavy metals in edible tissues of benthic organisms from samsun coasts, south black sea, turkey and their potential risk to human health, Journal of Food and Health Science, 2, 57-66.
  • Bat, L., Arıcı, E., Sezgin, M. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Heavy metal levels in commercial fishes caught in the southern Black sea coast. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 4, 94-102.
  • Bat, L., Sezgin, M. Üstün, F. ve Şahin, F. (2012). Heavy Metal Concentrations in Ten Species of Fishes Caught in Sinop Coastal Waters of the Black Sea, Turkey Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 371-376.
  • Belabed, B.E., Laffray, X., Dhib, A., Fertouna-Belakhal, M., Turki, S. ve Aleya, L. (2013). Factors contributing to heavy metal accumulation in sediments and in the intertidal mussel Perna perna in the Gulf of Annaba (Algeria). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 74, 477-489.
  • Bilandžić, N., Maja Đ. ve Marija, S. (2011). Metal content determination in four fish species from the Adriatic Sea, Food Chemistry, 124, 1005-1010.
  • Botsford, L.W., Castilla, J.C., ve Peterson, C.H. (1997). The management of fisheries and marine ecosystems. Science, 277, 509-515.
  • Cheng, Z., Mo, W.Y., Lam, C.L., Choi, W.M., ve Wong, M.H. (2015). Replacing fish meal by food waste to produce lower trophic level fish containing acceptable levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Health risk assessments. Science of the Total Environment, 523, 253-261.
  • Csuros, M. ve Csuros, C. (2002). Environmental sampling and analysis for metals, CRC, Boca Raton, p. 161-178.
  • Çevik, U., Damla, N., Kobya, A. I., Bulut, V. N., Duran, C., Dalgıc, G. ve Bozacı, R. (2008). Assessment of metal element concentrations in mussel (M. Galloprovincialis) in Eastern Black Sea, Turkey. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 160, 396-401.
  • Çulha, S.T., Bat, L., Çulha, M., Efendioğlu, A., Andaç, M.B. ve Bati, B. (2007). Heavy metals levels in some fishes and molluscs from Sinop Peninsula of the Southern Black Sea, Turkey. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. Medit. 38, 323.
  • De Sherbinin, A., Carr, D., Cassels, S. ve Jiang, L. (2007). Population and environment. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 32, 345-373.
  • EC (European Commision), (2006). Regulation no. 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Off J Eur Union L364-5–L364-24.
  • EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), (2004)., Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain on a request from the Commission related to mercury and methylmercury in food. EFSA J 34:1–14. Available from: http://www.efsa.eu.int/.
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 1996. Microwave assisted acid digestion of siliceous and organically based matrices, 20s.
  • Ergül, H.A., Topcuoğlu, S., Ölmez, E. ve Kırbaşoğlu, Ç. (2008). Heavy metals in sinking particles and bottom sediments from the eastern Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 78, 396-402.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), (1983) Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products food and agriculture organization fishery circular no. 464
  • Gedik, K., DeLaune, R.D., Kongchum, M., ve Gambrell, R.P. (2017a). Physicochemical factors controlling stability of toxic heavy metals and metalloids in wetland soils and sediments. J. Rinklebe, A.S. Knox, M. Paller (eds.), Trace Elements in Waterlogged Soils and Sediments. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL: 17-25.
  • Gedik, K. (2017b). Bioaccessibility of heavy metals in rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846): Assessing human health risk using an in vitro digestion model. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 1-12. Doi:10.1080/10807039.2017.1373329
  • He M, Ke C-H, Tian L. ve Li H-B (2016). Bioaccessibility and Health Risk Assessment of Cu, Cd, and Zn in Colored Oysters. Arch Environ Con Tox 70:595-606.
  • Külcü, AM, Ayas, D., Köşker, A.R. ve Yatkın, K. (2014). The investigation of metal and mineral levels of some marine species from the northeastern mediterranean sea. Journal of Marine Biology & Oceanography, 3,1-4.
  • Laird, B.D. ve Chan, H.M. (2013). Bioaccessibility of metals in fish, shellfish, wild game, and seaweed harvested in British Columbia, Canada. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 58, 381-387.
  • Maulvault, A.L., Machado, R., Afonso, C., Lourenço, H.M., Nunes, M.L., Coelho, I., Langerholc, T. ve Marques, A. (2011). Bioaccessibility of Hg, Cd and As in cooked black scabbard fish and edible crab. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 2808-2815.
  • Miller, J.N. ve Miller, J.C. (2010). Statistics and chemometrics for analytical chemistry. Pearson/Prentice Hall, Atlanta, 296 pp.
  • Nisbet, C., Terzi, G., Pilger, O. ve Sarac, N. (2010) Deternination of heavy metal levels in fish sample collected from the Middle Black Sea. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 16,119-125.
  • Norwitz, W. (1970). Drained weight determination of frozen glazed fish and other marine products. Method of Analysis of the AOAC, 339s.
  • Silva, E., Viana, Z. C., Souza, N. F., Korn, M. G. ve Santos, V. L. (2016). Assessment of essential elements and chemical contaminants in thirteen fish species from the Bay Aratu, Bahia, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76, 871-877.
  • Tacon, A.G. ve Metian, M. (2013). Fish matters: importance of aquatic foods in human nutrition and global food supply. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 21, 22-38.
  • Thilsted, S.H., James, D., Toppe, J., Subasinghe, R. ve Karunasagar, I. (2014). Maximizing the contribution of fish to human nutrition. In ICN2 Second International Conference on Nutrition. FAO and World Health Organisation.
  • Topcuoglu, S., Kırbaşoğlu, Ç. ve Yılmaz, Y.Z. (2004). Heavy metal levels in biota and sediments in the northern coast of the marmara sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 96, 183–189.
  • Topcuoğlu, S., Ergül, H.A., Baysal, A., Ölmez, E. ve Kut, D. (2003). Determination of radıonuclıde and heavy metal concentrations in biota and sediment samples from Pazar and Rize stations ın the eastern Black sea. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 12, 695-699.
  • Tuzen, M. (2009). Toxic and essential trace elemental contents in fish species from the Black Sea, Turkey. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47, 1785–1790.
  • TUİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu), (2017). Su ürünleri istastistikleri, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr (giriş December 10, 17)
  • TGKBY (Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği) (2011) Resmi Gazete, Sayı : 28157 (3. Mükerrer), 29 Aralık 2011 Perşembe, Ek. 1.http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111229M3-8-1.pdf. (giriş December 10, 17)
  • Türkmen, A., Tepe, Y. ve Türkmen, M. (2008). Metal Levels in Tissues of the European Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L., 1758), and Picarel, (Spicara smaris L., 1758) from Black, Marmara and Aegean Seas. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 80, 521-525.
  • USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) 2017. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Regional Screening Level (RSL) Summary Table, Washington, DC, USA, https://semspub.epa.gov/work/03/2245073.pdf.
  • USFDA (US Food and Drug Administration), (2004). What you need to know about mercury in fish and shellfish. Washington (DC): USFDA. Available from: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/admehg3.html/.
  • Vieira, C., Morais, S. Ramos, S. Delerue-Matos, C. ve Oliveira, M.B.P.P. 2011. Mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic levels in three pelagic fish species from the Atlantic Ocean: Intra- and inter-specific variability and human health risks for consumption. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49: 923-32.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kenan Gedik 0000-0001-8244-6935

Publication Date December 31, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 17 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gedik, K. (2017). Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini". Aquaculture Studies, 17(4), 480-490. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580
AMA Gedik K. Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini". AquaST. December 2017;17(4):480-490. doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580
Chicago Gedik, Kenan. “Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini"”. Aquaculture Studies 17, no. 4 (December 2017): 480-90. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580.
EndNote Gedik K (December 1, 2017) Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini". Aquaculture Studies 17 4 480–490.
IEEE K. Gedik, “Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini"”, AquaST, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 480–490, 2017, doi: 10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580.
ISNAD Gedik, Kenan. “Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini"”. Aquaculture Studies 17/4 (December 2017), 480-490. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580.
JAMA Gedik K. Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini". AquaST. 2017;17:480–490.
MLA Gedik, Kenan. “Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini"”. Aquaculture Studies, vol. 17, no. 4, 2017, pp. 480-9, doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i31121.356580.
Vancouver Gedik K. Güneydoğu Karadeniz’de Avlanan İzmarit Balığının (Spicara Flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) Yenilebilir Dokularındaki Ağır Metallerin Tespiti: İnsan Sağlığında Risk Tahmini". AquaST. 2017;17(4):480-9.