Abstract
Çalışmada “insanca iş” kavramı özelinde Türkiye’de su ürünleri sektöründe istihdam konusu, mevcut veriler ışığında değerlendirilmektedir. İnsanca iş; insan onuruna yakışır çalışma koşullarında, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine uygun, sosyal güvenlik imkanları ile sendika aracılığıyla temsil edilebilme olanaklarına sahip, zorla çalıştırma ve çocuk işçiliğinin olmadığı, yaptığı iş karşılığında hak ettiği ücreti alabilen, kısaca çalışmaya ilişkin temel hak ve ilkelerin hükümet, işçi ve işverenden oluşan üç taraflı uzlaşma içinde gerçekleştirilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Aynı zamanda insanca işin dört temel unsurundan birisi istihdam yaratma olduğu bildirilmiştir. Gelişmiş toplumlarda su ürünleri tüketicileri artan bilinçle, tabaklarındaki balıkların yalnızca çevresel sürdürülebilirliği değil, insanca iş uygulamaları ile tutarlı bir şekilde üretilerek sofralarına gelmesini talep etmektedir.
Balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği; tekne yapımı, liman, barınak ve rıhtımlarda yer alan onarım ve bakım atölyelerinde destek hizmetlerinin sağlanması gibi hasat öncesi faaliyetlerde içermektedir. Bu faaliyetler, hasat sonrası kadar çok işi kapsamamakla beraber, halen önemli bir işgücü oluşturmaktadır. Sektörde önümüzdeki yıllar için avcılık, işleme ve değerlendirme alanlarında istihdam bakımından belirsizlik gösterirken, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde yeni potansiyel alanların üretime sunulması ve mevcut üretim alanlarının kapasite yükseltmeleriyle istihdam artışının olacağı düşünülmektedir.
References
- AB. 2018. www.ab.gov.tr/files/SBYPB/yayinlar/ duzgun_is_forumu.pdf.
- ILO, 2018. www.ilo.org/ankara/areas-of-work/dw/ lang-tr/index.htm.
- BSGM, 2016. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı. Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara.
- FAO-ILO, 2013. Guidance on addressing child labour in fisheries and aquaculture. 107pp.
- FAO, 2008. Understanding and applying risk analysis in aquaculture. Edited by Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso,M. G., Arthur, J. R. and Subasinghe, R. P. Rome. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 519. 324 pp.
- FAO, 2011. Value chain of fish and fishery products: origin, functions and application in developed and developing country markets (report written by D.A.M. De Silva). 63pp. www.fao.org/valuechaininsmallscalefisheries/projectreports/en/).
- FAO, 2012. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012. Rome, 230 pp.
- FAO, 2014a. Improving governance of aquaculture employment: A global assessment. Rome, 60 pp.
- FAO, 2014b. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2014. Rome. 243 pp.
- FAO, 2016a. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture: Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome, 200 pp.
- FAO, 2016b. Scoping study on decent work and employment in fisheries and aquaculture: Issues and actions for discussion and programming. 108 pp.
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- World Bank, 2012. Hidden harvest: The global contribution of capture fisheries. Report 66469-GLB. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. 92pp.
Abstract
In this study, employment in fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Turkey was evaluated in the light of the available data under the concept of “decent work”.
Decent work is expressed as working conditions decent to human dignity in accordance with occupational health and safety, having the opportunity to be represented through the union with social security opportunities, no forced and child labor, getting the deserved wages for work, in short, the realization of the basic rights and principles regarding work in a tripartite agreement consisting of the government, worker and employer. It is also reported that one of the four basic elements of decent work is employment recruitment.
With increasing awareness in developed societies, fish consumers demand that the fish on their plates are produced in a manner consistent with not only environmental sustainability, but also decent work practices.
Fisheries and aquaculture includes pre-harvest activities such as boat building, providing support services in repair and maintenance workshops located in ports, shelters and docks. Although these activities do not cover as much work as post-harvest, they still constitute an important workforce.
When fisheries production was examined in Turkey, fluctuations in the amount of fisheries and continuously increased production in aquaculture in recent years was observed. While the sector shows uncertainty in terms of employment in the fisheries and processing for the coming years, it is thought that there will be an increase in employment with the introduction of new potential areas in aquaculture and capacity upgrades of existing production areas.
References
- AB. 2018. www.ab.gov.tr/files/SBYPB/yayinlar/ duzgun_is_forumu.pdf.
- ILO, 2018. www.ilo.org/ankara/areas-of-work/dw/ lang-tr/index.htm.
- BSGM, 2016. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı. Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara.
- FAO-ILO, 2013. Guidance on addressing child labour in fisheries and aquaculture. 107pp.
- FAO, 2008. Understanding and applying risk analysis in aquaculture. Edited by Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso,M. G., Arthur, J. R. and Subasinghe, R. P. Rome. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 519. 324 pp.
- FAO, 2011. Value chain of fish and fishery products: origin, functions and application in developed and developing country markets (report written by D.A.M. De Silva). 63pp. www.fao.org/valuechaininsmallscalefisheries/projectreports/en/).
- FAO, 2012. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012. Rome, 230 pp.
- FAO, 2014a. Improving governance of aquaculture employment: A global assessment. Rome, 60 pp.
- FAO, 2014b. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2014. Rome. 243 pp.
- FAO, 2016a. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture: Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome, 200 pp.
- FAO, 2016b. Scoping study on decent work and employment in fisheries and aquaculture: Issues and actions for discussion and programming. 108 pp.
- FAO, 2018. www.fao.org/blogs/blue-growth-blog/ exploring-solutions-to-promote-decent-work-in-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en.
- Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 2014. Onuncu Kalkınma Planı 2014-2018, Su Ürünleri Özel İhtisas Raporu. Ankara. 97 pp.
- Katranidis, S., Nitsi, E., Vakrou, A., (2003) Social acceptability of aquaculture development in coastal areas: the case of two Greek Islands. Coast Manage 31(1):37–53.
- Mazur, N.A., Curtis, A.L., (2008). Understanding community perceptions of aquaculture: lessons from Australia. Aquaculture International 16:601-621.
- TÜİK, 2016. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Enstitüsü. Ankara.
- World Bank, 2012. Hidden harvest: The global contribution of capture fisheries. Report 66469-GLB. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. 92pp.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2021 |
| Submission Date | February 20, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | April 19, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 |
Cited By
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