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Orta Karadeniz’deki İstavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) Balığının Ölüm ve Sömürülme Oranları

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 139 - 145, 03.12.2018

Osman Samsun Okan Akyol Tevfik Ceyhan

Abstract

Bu çalışma orta
Karadeniz Bölgesindeki istavrit (Trachurus
mediterraneus) popülasyonu üzerinde balıkçılık baskısı olup olmadığının
tespiti amacıyla tür üzerindeki boy, ağırlık, yaş ve ölüm oranları gibi güncel
bilgileri içermektedir. Toplamda 1467 adet birey Eylül 2016 ve Mart 2017 tarihleri
arasında özelikle Sinop Limanı’ndaki ticari gırgır teknelerinden aylık olarak
toplanmıştır. 109 adet bireyden yaş okumak amacıyla otolit çıkarılmıştır. T. mediterraneus bireylerinin boy
dağılımları 7,1 cm ile 20,3 cm (ortalama: 14,02±0,04 cm) arasında değişmekte
iken ağırlık dağılımlarının 3,2 g ile 67,7 g (ortalama: 23,8±0,19 g) arasında
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Örnekler 12-15 cm boy grupları arasında yoğunlaşmış
ve elde edilen bireylerin %84’ünün yasal avlanma boy değerinin üzerinde olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W = 0,0067 × TL3.0848
(r2 = 0,94) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Örnekler I ile III yaş gurubu
arasında dağılım göstermektedir.  Yaşlara göre ortalama boylar I. yaş için 9,9±0,36 cm; II. yaş için 14,1±0,11 cm; 
III. yaş için 16,7±0,13 cm dir. von Bertalanffy Büyüme parametreleri
ise L∞ = 19,14±0,46 cm, K = 0,65±0,03, t0 = -0,08±0,007
yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Orta Karadeniz’den elde edilen T. mediterraneus bireylerinin doğal ölüm oranı (M) 0,84 yıl-1,
Balıkçılık kaynaklı ölüm oranı 0,87 yıl-1 ve toplam ölüm oranı 1,712
yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sömürülme oranı (E) ise 0,51 yıl-1
olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sömürülme oranı ve karaya çıkarılan ürünlerin boy
gruplarına bakıldığında şu an için bu bölgede T. mediterraneus popülasyonu üzerinde bir av
baskısının olmadığı söylenebilir.

Keywords

İstavrit Trachurus mediterraneus boy ağırlık sömürülme Karadeniz

References

  • Golani, D., Öztürk, B., Başusta, N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean, 259 p., Istanbul, Turkish Marine Research Foundation, Publication No. 24.
  • Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. is retrieved, Version (10/2017) (accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • Aydın, M., Karadurmuş, U., (2013). An investigation on age, growth and biological characteristics of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) in the Eastern Black Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 12: 277-288.
  • TUIK, (2017). Fishery Statistics 2016. www.tuik.gov.tr is retrieved (Accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • FAO, (2006-2008). Fisheries and aquaculture software. FISAT II - FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool. Rome: FAO.
  • Pauly, D. (1983). Some simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. 52 p, Rome, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 234.
  • Beverton, R.J.H., Holt, S.J. (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fishery Invest., Series 2, 19. 533 p. London.
  • World Sea Temperatures. (2018). Sinop Sea Temperature. https://www.seatemperature.org/ is retrieved (Accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics, s. 265, Sinop, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniv. Sinop Su Ürünleri Fak. Yayın No.95, (in Turkish).
  • Pauly, D., Soriano, M.L. (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-per-recruit model In: “The First Asian Fisheries Forum”, (J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon, L.V. Hosillo, eds.), pp. 491-496, Manila, Asian Fisheries Society.
  • Sparre, P., Venema, S.C. (1992). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment, Part 1 Manual. FAO Fisheries technical paper 306, 407 p, Rome, FAO.
  • Pauly, D. (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks, 54 p, Rome, FAO Fisheries Circular No.729.
  • Sokal, R., Rohlf, F. (1987). Introduction to biostatistics, (2nd ed.), 365 p, USA, Freeman Publication.
  • Zar, J.H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis, 4th edn. 663 p., USA, Prentice-Hall.
  • Şahin, C., Kasapoğlu, N., Gözler, A.M., Kalaycı, F., Hacımurtazaoğlu, N., Mutlu, C., (2009). Age, growth, and Gonadosomatic index (GSI) of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology 33: 157-167.
  • Vasilakopoulos, P., Maravelias, C.D., Tserpes, G., (2014). The alarming decline of Mediterranean fish stocks. Current Biology 24: 1643-1648.
  • Cardinale, M., Scarcella, G., (2017). Mediterranean Sea: A Failure of the European Fisheries Management System. Frontiers in Marine Science 4:72-72.
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Aksu, H., Birinci Özdemir, Z., (2010). Çift tekneyle çekilen orta su trolü ile avlanan bazı pelajik türlerin av kompozisyonu ve boy-ağırlık ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com 4: 427-436.
  • Yankova, M., Pavlov, D., Raykov, V., Mihneva, V., Radu, G., (2011). Length-weight relationships of ten fish species from the Bulgarian Black Sea waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 35: 265-270.
  • Özdemir, S., Duyar, H.A., (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Sciences 1: 405-407.
  • Kasapoğlu, N., Düzgüneş, E., (2014). Length-weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science 15(1): 95-100.

Mortalities and Exploitation Rate of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Central Black Sea

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 139 - 145, 03.12.2018

Osman Samsun Okan Akyol Tevfik Ceyhan

Abstract

This study provides
some actual information about length, weight, age, and mortality rates of
Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus
mediterraneus) population in the central Black Sea in order to detect
whether fishing pressure or not. A total of 1467 specimens were monthly
collected from commercial purse-seiners, which especially landed to Sinop
fishing port between September 2016 and March 2017. A total of 109 otoliths
were used for age reading. Total length and weight of T. mediterraneus specimens were ranged from 7.1 cm to 20.3 cm
(average: 14.02±0.04 cm) and 3.2 g to 67.7 g (average: 23.8±0.19 g). The
samples were grouped densely between 12 and 15 cm and about 84% of samples in
this study were within the legal size. Length-weight
relationship was calculated as W = 0.0067 × TL3.0848 (r2
= 0.94). Age groups of horse mackerel in the central Black Sea were
between I and III. Mean lengths according to age groups were 9.9±0.36 cm, 14.1±0.11 cm and 16.7±0.13 cm, respectively. Also, von Bertalanffy Growth
Parameters were L∞ = 19.14±0.46 cm, K = 0.65 ±0.03, t0 =
-0.08±0.007 year. Mortalities (M, F and Z) and
exploitation rate (E) of T. mediterraneus
from the Central Black Sea were 0.84 year-1, 0.87 year-1,
1.712 year-1 and 0.51 year-1, respectively. The rates of
exploitation and minimum landing size indicate that there is no overfishing on T. mediterraneus population in the area
for the time being.

Keywords

Atlantic horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus length weight exploitation Black Sea

References

  • Golani, D., Öztürk, B., Başusta, N. (2006). The fishes of the eastern Mediterranean, 259 p., Istanbul, Turkish Marine Research Foundation, Publication No. 24.
  • Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. is retrieved, Version (10/2017) (accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • Aydın, M., Karadurmuş, U., (2013). An investigation on age, growth and biological characteristics of red mullet (Mullus barbatus ponticus, Essipov, 1927) in the Eastern Black Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 12: 277-288.
  • TUIK, (2017). Fishery Statistics 2016. www.tuik.gov.tr is retrieved (Accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • FAO, (2006-2008). Fisheries and aquaculture software. FISAT II - FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool. Rome: FAO.
  • Pauly, D. (1983). Some simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. 52 p, Rome, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 234.
  • Beverton, R.J.H., Holt, S.J. (1957). On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fishery Invest., Series 2, 19. 533 p. London.
  • World Sea Temperatures. (2018). Sinop Sea Temperature. https://www.seatemperature.org/ is retrieved (Accessed date: 19 March 2018).
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics, s. 265, Sinop, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniv. Sinop Su Ürünleri Fak. Yayın No.95, (in Turkish).
  • Pauly, D., Soriano, M.L. (1986). Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-per-recruit model In: “The First Asian Fisheries Forum”, (J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon, L.V. Hosillo, eds.), pp. 491-496, Manila, Asian Fisheries Society.
  • Sparre, P., Venema, S.C. (1992). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment, Part 1 Manual. FAO Fisheries technical paper 306, 407 p, Rome, FAO.
  • Pauly, D. (1980). A Selection of simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks, 54 p, Rome, FAO Fisheries Circular No.729.
  • Sokal, R., Rohlf, F. (1987). Introduction to biostatistics, (2nd ed.), 365 p, USA, Freeman Publication.
  • Zar, J.H. (1999). Biostatistical Analysis, 4th edn. 663 p., USA, Prentice-Hall.
  • Şahin, C., Kasapoğlu, N., Gözler, A.M., Kalaycı, F., Hacımurtazaoğlu, N., Mutlu, C., (2009). Age, growth, and Gonadosomatic index (GSI) of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology 33: 157-167.
  • Vasilakopoulos, P., Maravelias, C.D., Tserpes, G., (2014). The alarming decline of Mediterranean fish stocks. Current Biology 24: 1643-1648.
  • Cardinale, M., Scarcella, G., (2017). Mediterranean Sea: A Failure of the European Fisheries Management System. Frontiers in Marine Science 4:72-72.
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Aksu, H., Birinci Özdemir, Z., (2010). Çift tekneyle çekilen orta su trolü ile avlanan bazı pelajik türlerin av kompozisyonu ve boy-ağırlık ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com 4: 427-436.
  • Yankova, M., Pavlov, D., Raykov, V., Mihneva, V., Radu, G., (2011). Length-weight relationships of ten fish species from the Bulgarian Black Sea waters. Turkish Journal of Zoology 35: 265-270.
  • Özdemir, S., Duyar, H.A., (2013). Length-weight relationships for ten fish species collected by trawl surveys from Black Sea coasts, Turkey. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Sciences 1: 405-407.
  • Kasapoğlu, N., Düzgüneş, E., (2014). Length-weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science 15(1): 95-100.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Samsun This is me

Okan Akyol

Tevfik Ceyhan

Publication Date December 3, 2018
Submission Date June 7, 2018
Acceptance Date July 9, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Samsun, O., Akyol, O., & Ceyhan, T. (2018). Mortalities and Exploitation Rate of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) in the Central Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 4(2), 139-145.

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