PERIODONTITIS-INDUCED CHANGES TO VITAMIN E LEVELS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE HEART, LIVER AND BRAIN IN AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL

Umut Yiğit; Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu; Fatih Karaaslan; Ahu Dikilitaş

Research Article

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 11 - 16, 07.04.2021

Umut Yiğit Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu Fatih Karaaslan Ahu Dikilitaş

Abstract

References

1. Akman S, Canakci V, Kara A, Tozoglu U, Arabaci T, Dagsuyu IM. Therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid and vitamin C on alveolar bone resorption after experimental periodontitis in rats: a biochemical, histochemical, and stereologic study. J Periodontol 2013 May;84:666-674.
2. Bradley PP, Priebat DA, Christensen RD, Rothstein G. Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophil content with an enzyme marker. J Invest Dermatol 1982;78:206-209.
3. Irie K, Tomofuji T, Tamaki N, et al. Effects of ethanol consumption on periodontal inflammation in rats. J Dent Res 2008;87:456-460.
4. Freeman BA, Crapo JD. Biology of disease: free radicals and tissue injury. Lab Invest 1982;47:412-426.
5. Foo NP, Lin SH, Lee YH, Wu MJ, Wang YJ. α-Lipoic acid inhibits liver fibrosis through the attenuation of ROS-triggered signaling in hepatic stellate cells activated by PDGF and TGF-β. Toxicology 2011;282:39-46.
6. Chapple IL, Brock G, Eftimiadi C, Matthews JB. Glutathione in gingival crevicular fluid and its relation to local antioxidant capacity in periodontal health and disease. Mol Pathol 2002;55:367-373.
7. Souza DM, Rocha RF. Low caloric value of ethanol itself increases alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in male rats. Braz Oral Res 2009;23:460-466.
8. Scott BC, Aruoma OI, Evans PJ, et al. Lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as antioxidants. A critical evaluation. Free Radic Res 1994;20:119-133.
9. Burton GW, Ingold KU. Vitamin E as an in vitro and in vivo antioxidant. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1989;570:7-22.
10. Hamza RZ, Al-Harbi MS, El-Shenawy NS. Ameliorative effect of vitamin E and selenium against oxidative stress induced by sodium azide in liver, kidney, testis and heart of male mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017;91:602-610.
11. Prasad K, McNair ED, Qureshi AM, Casper-Bell G. Vitamin E slows the progression of hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in heart, liver and kidney. Mol Cell Biochem 2012;368:181-187.
12. Battino M, Bullon P, Wilson M, Newman H. Oxidative injury and inflammatory periodontal diseases: the challenge of anti-oxidants to free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1999;10:458-476.
13. Carvalho Rde S, de Souza CM, Neves JC, et al. Vitamin E does not prevent bone loss and induced anxiety in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2013;58:50-58.
14. Kinane DF, Marshall GJ. Periodontal manifestations of systemic disease. Aust Dent J 2001;46:2-12.
15. Grauballe MC, Bentzen BH, Björnsson M, et al. The effect of spironolactone on experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2005;40:212-7.
16. Leitão RF, Ribeiro RA, Chaves HV, Rocha FA, Lima V, Brito GA. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition prevents alveolar bone resorption in experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2005;76:956-963.
17. Jurczyk AP, Gałecki P, Kedziora J, et al. Selected alcohols on the pro- and anti-oxidative processes in rat erythrocytes. Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol 2004;54:117-124.
18. Martin A, Foxall T, Blumberg JB, Meydani M. Vitamin E inhibits low-density lipoprotein-induced adhesion of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells in vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:429-436. 19. Fernandez-Gomez B, Ullate M, Picariello G, et al. New knowledge on the antiglycoxidative mechanism of chlorogenic acid. Food Funct 2015;6:2081-2090.
20. Chapple IL. Oxidative stress, nutrition and neutrogenomics in periodontal health and disease. Int J Dent Hyg 2006;4:15-21.
21. Battino M, Bompadre S, Politi A, Fioroni M, Rubini C, Bullon P. Antioxidant status (CoQ10 and Vit. E levels) and immunohistochemical analysis of soft tissues in periodontal diseases. Biofactors 2005;25:213-217.
22. Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, Irie K, et al. Relationships between periodontal inflammation, lipid peroxide and oxidative damage of multiple organs in rats. Biomed Res 2011;32:343-349.
23. Gendron R, Grenier D, Maheu-Robert L. The oral cavity as a reservoir of bacterial pathogens for focal infections. Microbes Infect 2000;2:897-906.
24. Schneider C. Chemistry and biology of vitamin E. Mol Nutr Food Res 2005;49:7-30.
25. Rai B, Kaur J, Jacobs R, Singh J. Possible action mechanism for curcumin in pre-cancerous lesions based on serum and salivary markers of oxidative stress. J Oral Sci 2010;52:251-256. 26. Luo PP, Xu HS, Chen YW, Wu SP. Periodontal disease severity is associated with micronutrient intake. Aust Dent J 2018;63:193-201.
27. Ebersole JL, Lambert J, Bush H, Huja PE, Basu A. Serum Nutrient Levels and Aging Effects on Periodontitis. Nutrients 2018;10:1986.
28. Muniz FW, Nogueira SB, Mendes FL, et al. The impact of antioxidant agents complimentary to periodontal therapy on oxidative stress and periodontal outcomes: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2015;60:1203-1214.
29. Kulkarni V, Bhatavadekar NB, Uttamani JR. The effect of nutrition on periodontal disease: a systematic review. J Calif Dent Assoc 2014;42:302-311.
30. Li X, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, et al. Protective Effects of Selenium, Vitamin E, and Purple Carrot Anthocyanins on D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Damage in Blood, Liver, Heart and Kidney Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016;173:433-442.
31. Lee P, Ulatowski LM. Vitamin E: Mechanism of transport and regulation in the CNS. IUBMB Life 2019;71:424-429.
32. Violet PC, Ebenuwa IC, Wang Y, et al. Vitamin E sequestration by liver fat in humans. JCI Insight 2020;5:e133309.
33. Martin A, Prior R, Shukitt-Hale B, Cao G, Joseph JA. Effect of fruits, vegetables, or vitamin E--rich diet on vitamins E and C distribution in peripheral and brain tissues: implications for brain function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2000;55:144-151.

PERIODONTITIS-INDUCED CHANGES TO VITAMIN E LEVELS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE HEART, LIVER AND BRAIN IN AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 11 - 16, 07.04.2021

Umut Yiğit Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu Fatih Karaaslan Ahu Dikilitaş

Abstract

Background: In our study, we observed how periodontitis changes the vitamin E levels of the heart, liver and brain due to free radicals and their effects. The main problem of periodontitis is the increasing of free radicals and their subsequent metastatic impact on multiple organs via the bloodstream from the periodontium.
Materials and methods: Two randomized groups were prepared between 18 Wistar albino rats. The rats weighed 200 ± 20 g and were male. Group C was the control group (n = 8) and group P was the periodontitis group (n = 10), induced using a 3-0 silk ligature at 14 days. The heart, liver and brain were dissected from the body to assess how they were affected by periodontitis. As such, we investigated the vitamin E levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the heart, liver and brain affected by experimental periodontitis.
Results: Serious alveolar bone resorption was observed in the periodontitis group when compared to the control group. As an oxidative stressor, MDA levels were very high in the heart, liver and brain tissues of the periodontitis group. The antioxidant vitamin E showed decreasing potential, conversely to MDA. All of the results significantly differed (p ˂ 0.001).
Conclusion: Periodontitis stimulates an oxidative stress attack in different organs in an experimental periodontitis model. The balance between oxidants and antioxidants is very important for health, though this balance might diminish in oxidants due to the oxidative attacks triggered by periodontitis. However, other scientific studies must be conducted to confirm this.

Keywords

Periodontitis, oxidative stress, vitamin E

References

1. Akman S, Canakci V, Kara A, Tozoglu U, Arabaci T, Dagsuyu IM. Therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid and vitamin C on alveolar bone resorption after experimental periodontitis in rats: a biochemical, histochemical, and stereologic study. J Periodontol 2013 May;84:666-674.
2. Bradley PP, Priebat DA, Christensen RD, Rothstein G. Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophil content with an enzyme marker. J Invest Dermatol 1982;78:206-209.
3. Irie K, Tomofuji T, Tamaki N, et al. Effects of ethanol consumption on periodontal inflammation in rats. J Dent Res 2008;87:456-460.
4. Freeman BA, Crapo JD. Biology of disease: free radicals and tissue injury. Lab Invest 1982;47:412-426.
5. Foo NP, Lin SH, Lee YH, Wu MJ, Wang YJ. α-Lipoic acid inhibits liver fibrosis through the attenuation of ROS-triggered signaling in hepatic stellate cells activated by PDGF and TGF-β. Toxicology 2011;282:39-46.
6. Chapple IL, Brock G, Eftimiadi C, Matthews JB. Glutathione in gingival crevicular fluid and its relation to local antioxidant capacity in periodontal health and disease. Mol Pathol 2002;55:367-373.
7. Souza DM, Rocha RF. Low caloric value of ethanol itself increases alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in male rats. Braz Oral Res 2009;23:460-466.
8. Scott BC, Aruoma OI, Evans PJ, et al. Lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as antioxidants. A critical evaluation. Free Radic Res 1994;20:119-133.
9. Burton GW, Ingold KU. Vitamin E as an in vitro and in vivo antioxidant. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1989;570:7-22.
10. Hamza RZ, Al-Harbi MS, El-Shenawy NS. Ameliorative effect of vitamin E and selenium against oxidative stress induced by sodium azide in liver, kidney, testis and heart of male mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017;91:602-610.
11. Prasad K, McNair ED, Qureshi AM, Casper-Bell G. Vitamin E slows the progression of hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in heart, liver and kidney. Mol Cell Biochem 2012;368:181-187.
12. Battino M, Bullon P, Wilson M, Newman H. Oxidative injury and inflammatory periodontal diseases: the challenge of anti-oxidants to free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1999;10:458-476.
13. Carvalho Rde S, de Souza CM, Neves JC, et al. Vitamin E does not prevent bone loss and induced anxiety in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2013;58:50-58.
14. Kinane DF, Marshall GJ. Periodontal manifestations of systemic disease. Aust Dent J 2001;46:2-12.
15. Grauballe MC, Bentzen BH, Björnsson M, et al. The effect of spironolactone on experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2005;40:212-7.
16. Leitão RF, Ribeiro RA, Chaves HV, Rocha FA, Lima V, Brito GA. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition prevents alveolar bone resorption in experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2005;76:956-963.
17. Jurczyk AP, Gałecki P, Kedziora J, et al. Selected alcohols on the pro- and anti-oxidative processes in rat erythrocytes. Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol 2004;54:117-124.
18. Martin A, Foxall T, Blumberg JB, Meydani M. Vitamin E inhibits low-density lipoprotein-induced adhesion of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells in vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:429-436. 19. Fernandez-Gomez B, Ullate M, Picariello G, et al. New knowledge on the antiglycoxidative mechanism of chlorogenic acid. Food Funct 2015;6:2081-2090.
20. Chapple IL. Oxidative stress, nutrition and neutrogenomics in periodontal health and disease. Int J Dent Hyg 2006;4:15-21.
21. Battino M, Bompadre S, Politi A, Fioroni M, Rubini C, Bullon P. Antioxidant status (CoQ10 and Vit. E levels) and immunohistochemical analysis of soft tissues in periodontal diseases. Biofactors 2005;25:213-217.
22. Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, Irie K, et al. Relationships between periodontal inflammation, lipid peroxide and oxidative damage of multiple organs in rats. Biomed Res 2011;32:343-349.
23. Gendron R, Grenier D, Maheu-Robert L. The oral cavity as a reservoir of bacterial pathogens for focal infections. Microbes Infect 2000;2:897-906.
24. Schneider C. Chemistry and biology of vitamin E. Mol Nutr Food Res 2005;49:7-30.
25. Rai B, Kaur J, Jacobs R, Singh J. Possible action mechanism for curcumin in pre-cancerous lesions based on serum and salivary markers of oxidative stress. J Oral Sci 2010;52:251-256. 26. Luo PP, Xu HS, Chen YW, Wu SP. Periodontal disease severity is associated with micronutrient intake. Aust Dent J 2018;63:193-201.
27. Ebersole JL, Lambert J, Bush H, Huja PE, Basu A. Serum Nutrient Levels and Aging Effects on Periodontitis. Nutrients 2018;10:1986.
28. Muniz FW, Nogueira SB, Mendes FL, et al. The impact of antioxidant agents complimentary to periodontal therapy on oxidative stress and periodontal outcomes: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2015;60:1203-1214.
29. Kulkarni V, Bhatavadekar NB, Uttamani JR. The effect of nutrition on periodontal disease: a systematic review. J Calif Dent Assoc 2014;42:302-311.
30. Li X, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, et al. Protective Effects of Selenium, Vitamin E, and Purple Carrot Anthocyanins on D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Damage in Blood, Liver, Heart and Kidney Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016;173:433-442.
31. Lee P, Ulatowski LM. Vitamin E: Mechanism of transport and regulation in the CNS. IUBMB Life 2019;71:424-429.
32. Violet PC, Ebenuwa IC, Wang Y, et al. Vitamin E sequestration by liver fat in humans. JCI Insight 2020;5:e133309.
33. Martin A, Prior R, Shukitt-Hale B, Cao G, Joseph JA. Effect of fruits, vegetables, or vitamin E--rich diet on vitamins E and C distribution in peripheral and brain tissues: implications for brain function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2000;55:144-151.

There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Umut Yiğit 0000-0001-8080-2932 Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu Fatih Karaaslan 0000-0002-9899-3316 Ahu Dikilitaş
Publication Date	April 7, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Yiğit, U., Kırzıoğlu, F. Y., Karaaslan, F., Dikilitaş, A. (2021). PERIODONTITIS-INDUCED CHANGES TO VITAMIN E LEVELS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE HEART, LIVER AND BRAIN IN AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL. Turkish Journal of Health Science and Life, 4(1), 11-16.

Download Cover Image

Article Files

Full Text