Research Article
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Description of The Phenotypic Characteristics of Some Tomato Genotypes

Year 2024, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 9 - 26, 30.04.2024

Gülbanu Kıymacı Ayşe Özgür Uncu Önder Türkmen

Abstract

This study was carried out in order to determine some morphological characteristics of 240 tomato genotypes at S2 level and to demonstrate the usability of these materials in breeding programs. Accordingly, the average fruit weight was between 553.11 gr and 74.83 gr. The mean pericarp thickness, carpel number, and soluble dry matter content of the genotypes were 7.38 mm, 3.6 pieces and 4.04% brix, respectively. Based on these measurements and observations, tomato genotypes were also investigated using the Cluster and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods. According to the PCA results, the first component explained 24.1% of the total variance, and the number of fruit carpels, average fruit weight, and fruit width were the most highly explained parameters. The second and third main components constituted 13.06% and 11.16% of the total. Based on the results of fruit characterization studies, genotypes 233, 447, 126, 22, 391, 118, 71, 100, 340, 102 were determined as superior. Overall, A high degree of morphological variation was detected among the characterized tomato genotypes.

Keywords

Tomato Morphologica Cluster and Principal Component Analysis

Project Number

19201088

References

  • Altıntaş S, Polat S, Şahin N (2016). Marmara Bölgesinden Toplanan Domates Popülasyonlarinin Moleküler ve Morfolojik Karakterizasyonunun Belirlenmesi, 1-61.
  • Anisa WN, Afifah EN, Murti RH (2022). Selection of tomato breeding lines based on morphological traits associated with high yield potential in double-cross population. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23 (6), 2973-2980.
  • Bajracharya J, Steele K, Jarvis D, Sthapit B, Witcombe J (2006). Rice landrace diversity in Nepal: variability of agro-morphological traits and SSR markers in landraces from a high-altitude site. Field crops research, 95 (2-3): 327-335.
  • Bhattarai K, Louws FJ, Williamson JD, Panthee DR (2016). Diversity analysis of tomato genotypes based on morphological traits with commercial breeding significance for fresh market production in eastern USA. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 10 (8): 1098-1103.
  • Bhattarai K, Sharma S, Panthee DR (2018). Diversity among modern tomato genotypes at different levels in fresh-market breeding, International Journal of Agronomy,1-16.
  • Bota J, Conesa M, Ochogavia J, Medrano H, Francis DM, Cifre J, (2014). Characterization of a landrace collection for Tomàtiga de Ramellet (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from the Balearic Islands. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61 (6): 1131-1146.
  • Dharmatti P, Madalgeri B, Mannikeri I, Patil R, Patil G (2001). Genetic divergence studies in summer tomatoes. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 14 (2): 407-411.
  • FAO (2020). http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.
  • Figàs MR, Prohens J, Raigón MD, Fernández-de-Córdova P, Fita A, Soler S (2015). Characterization of a collection of local varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using conventional descriptors and the high-throughput phenomics tool Tomato Analyzer. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 62 (2): 189-204.
  • Figàs MR, Prohens J, Casanova C, Fernández-de-Córdova P, Soler S (2018b).Variation of morphological descriptors for the evaluation of tomato germplasm and their stability across different growing conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 238: 107-115.
  • Fiorani F, Schurr U (2013). Future scenarios for plant phenotyping. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol, 64 (1): 267-291.
  • Gözen V (2008). Hıyarda (Cucumis sativus L.) örtüaltı yetiştiriciliğine uygun hibrit çeşit ıslahında morfolojik karakterizasyon, hibrit kombinasyonları ile hibrit tohum verim ve kalitesinin belirlenmesi, Ankara Üniveristesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı,185.
  • Günay A (2005). Sebze yetiştiriciliği, Cilt-II, Meta Basımevi, İzmir.
  • Hernández-Villareal AE, 2013. Caracterización morfológica de recursos fitogenéticos. Revista BioCiencias: 2(3).
  • Jin L, Zhao L, Wang Y, Zhou R, Song L, Xu L, Cui X, Li R., Yu W, Zhao T (2019). Genetic diversity of 324 cultivated tomato germplasm resources using agronomic traits and InDel markers. Euphytica, 215 (4): 1-16.
  • Kal Ü, Kayak N, Kıymacı G, Dal Y, Seymen M, Turkmen Ö, Kurtar ES (2020). Some Morphological Properties of Qualified Tomato Inbred Lines And Principal Component Analysis of The Relationship Between These Properties, Proceeding Book, 301.
  • Kaloo D (1988). Vegetable Breeding. CRC Pres Inc Boca Raton 1.
  • Karaağaç O, Balkaya A (2010). Bafra kırmızı biber populasyonlarının [Capsicum annuum L. var conoides (Mill.) Irish] tanımlanması ve mevcut varyasyonun değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 25 (1): 10-20.
  • Kayak N, Kıymacı G, Kal Ü, Dal Y, Türkmen Ö (2022). Determination of Morphological Characteristics of Some Prominent Tomato Genotypes. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 36 (1): 106-113.
  • Keskin L (2014). Bazı domates (Solanum lycopersicum) genotiplerinin melezlenmesi, ebeveyn ve melezlerin morfolojik karakterizasyonu, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Khushboo K, Anita S, Monisha R (2015). Morphological characterization of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) germplasm in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. HortFlora Research Spectrum, 4 (3): 220-223.
  • Kouam EB, Dongmo J, Djeugap J (2018). Exploring morphological variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): A combined study of disease resistance, genetic divergence and association of characters. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica, 51 (2): 71-82.
  • Kurt T (2019). Yerel domates genotiplerinin seleksiyonu ve morfolojik karakterizasyon, Tokat gaziosmanpaşa üniversitesi,Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Tokat, 61.
  • Lopez R, Santiaguillo J, Cuevas J, Sahagun J (1994). Evaluacion de 60 colectas de tomate de cascara (Physalis ixocarpa, Brot.) en Chapingo, Mexico, Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Chapingo (Mexico).
  • Mohammadi SA, Prasanna B (2003). Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plants—salient statistical tools and considerations. Crop science, 43 (4): 1235-1248.
  • Oduor KT (2016). Agro-morphologıcal and nutrıtıonal characterızatıon of tomato landraces (Lycopersicon species) in Africa. (Doctoral Dissertation), Unıversıty of Nairobi, Kenya
  • Özbay N (2021). ‘Guldar’ Domatesinin Coğrafi İşaret Almasına Yönelik Yürütülen Arazi ve Laboratuvar Çalışmaları. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 8 (2): 492-500.
  • Öztürk Hİ (2022). Morphological and molecular characterization of some Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes collected from Erzincan Province of Turkey. Molecular Biology Reports, 49 (7): 7111-7121.
  • Salim MMR, Rashid MH, Hossain MM, Zakaria M (2020). Morphological characterization of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19 (3): 233-240.
  • Seymen M, Yavuz D, Dursun A, Kurtar ES, Türkmen Ö (2019). Identification of drought-tolerant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes associated with certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and quality. Agricultural Water Management, 221: 150-159.
  • Singh B, Aakansha G (2015). Morphological and molecular characterization of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) genotypes. Vegetos, 28 (4): 67-75.
  • Tahtalı Y (2005). Gen dizilerinde temel bileşenler analizinin uygulanması, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.
  • TUİK (2023). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
  • Türkmen Ö, Tekintaş F (1992). Invictus ve Coral standart domates çeşitlerinin van ekolojik koşullarında ekim zamanları ve dikim mesafelerinin verim ve erkenciliğe etkileri üzerine araştırmalar. I, Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, 2 (s 183), 13-16.
  • UPOV (2011). Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability: Tomato (TG/44/11 Rev.). International Union for the Pro-tection of New Varieties of Plants, Geneva.
  • Vishwanath K, Rajendra PS, Pallavi HM, Prasanna, KPR (2014). Characterization of tomato cultivars based on morphological traits. Annals of Plant Sciences, 3(11): 854-862.
  • Zhou R, Wu Z, Cao X, Jiang F (2015). Genetic diversity of cultivated and wild tomatoes revealed by morphological traits and SSR markers. Genetics and Molecular Research, 14 (4): 13868-13879.

Year 2024, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 9 - 26, 30.04.2024

Gülbanu Kıymacı Ayşe Özgür Uncu Önder Türkmen

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (SU-BAP)

Project Number

19201088

Thanks

Tez çalışmamı 19201088 nolu proje ile destekleyen Selçuk Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Koordinatörlüğüne teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Altıntaş S, Polat S, Şahin N (2016). Marmara Bölgesinden Toplanan Domates Popülasyonlarinin Moleküler ve Morfolojik Karakterizasyonunun Belirlenmesi, 1-61.
  • Anisa WN, Afifah EN, Murti RH (2022). Selection of tomato breeding lines based on morphological traits associated with high yield potential in double-cross population. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23 (6), 2973-2980.
  • Bajracharya J, Steele K, Jarvis D, Sthapit B, Witcombe J (2006). Rice landrace diversity in Nepal: variability of agro-morphological traits and SSR markers in landraces from a high-altitude site. Field crops research, 95 (2-3): 327-335.
  • Bhattarai K, Louws FJ, Williamson JD, Panthee DR (2016). Diversity analysis of tomato genotypes based on morphological traits with commercial breeding significance for fresh market production in eastern USA. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 10 (8): 1098-1103.
  • Bhattarai K, Sharma S, Panthee DR (2018). Diversity among modern tomato genotypes at different levels in fresh-market breeding, International Journal of Agronomy,1-16.
  • Bota J, Conesa M, Ochogavia J, Medrano H, Francis DM, Cifre J, (2014). Characterization of a landrace collection for Tomàtiga de Ramellet (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from the Balearic Islands. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61 (6): 1131-1146.
  • Dharmatti P, Madalgeri B, Mannikeri I, Patil R, Patil G (2001). Genetic divergence studies in summer tomatoes. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 14 (2): 407-411.
  • FAO (2020). http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.
  • Figàs MR, Prohens J, Raigón MD, Fernández-de-Córdova P, Fita A, Soler S (2015). Characterization of a collection of local varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using conventional descriptors and the high-throughput phenomics tool Tomato Analyzer. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 62 (2): 189-204.
  • Figàs MR, Prohens J, Casanova C, Fernández-de-Córdova P, Soler S (2018b).Variation of morphological descriptors for the evaluation of tomato germplasm and their stability across different growing conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 238: 107-115.
  • Fiorani F, Schurr U (2013). Future scenarios for plant phenotyping. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol, 64 (1): 267-291.
  • Gözen V (2008). Hıyarda (Cucumis sativus L.) örtüaltı yetiştiriciliğine uygun hibrit çeşit ıslahında morfolojik karakterizasyon, hibrit kombinasyonları ile hibrit tohum verim ve kalitesinin belirlenmesi, Ankara Üniveristesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı,185.
  • Günay A (2005). Sebze yetiştiriciliği, Cilt-II, Meta Basımevi, İzmir.
  • Hernández-Villareal AE, 2013. Caracterización morfológica de recursos fitogenéticos. Revista BioCiencias: 2(3).
  • Jin L, Zhao L, Wang Y, Zhou R, Song L, Xu L, Cui X, Li R., Yu W, Zhao T (2019). Genetic diversity of 324 cultivated tomato germplasm resources using agronomic traits and InDel markers. Euphytica, 215 (4): 1-16.
  • Kal Ü, Kayak N, Kıymacı G, Dal Y, Seymen M, Turkmen Ö, Kurtar ES (2020). Some Morphological Properties of Qualified Tomato Inbred Lines And Principal Component Analysis of The Relationship Between These Properties, Proceeding Book, 301.
  • Kaloo D (1988). Vegetable Breeding. CRC Pres Inc Boca Raton 1.
  • Karaağaç O, Balkaya A (2010). Bafra kırmızı biber populasyonlarının [Capsicum annuum L. var conoides (Mill.) Irish] tanımlanması ve mevcut varyasyonun değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 25 (1): 10-20.
  • Kayak N, Kıymacı G, Kal Ü, Dal Y, Türkmen Ö (2022). Determination of Morphological Characteristics of Some Prominent Tomato Genotypes. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 36 (1): 106-113.
  • Keskin L (2014). Bazı domates (Solanum lycopersicum) genotiplerinin melezlenmesi, ebeveyn ve melezlerin morfolojik karakterizasyonu, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Khushboo K, Anita S, Monisha R (2015). Morphological characterization of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) germplasm in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. HortFlora Research Spectrum, 4 (3): 220-223.
  • Kouam EB, Dongmo J, Djeugap J (2018). Exploring morphological variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): A combined study of disease resistance, genetic divergence and association of characters. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica, 51 (2): 71-82.
  • Kurt T (2019). Yerel domates genotiplerinin seleksiyonu ve morfolojik karakterizasyon, Tokat gaziosmanpaşa üniversitesi,Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Tokat, 61.
  • Lopez R, Santiaguillo J, Cuevas J, Sahagun J (1994). Evaluacion de 60 colectas de tomate de cascara (Physalis ixocarpa, Brot.) en Chapingo, Mexico, Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Chapingo (Mexico).
  • Mohammadi SA, Prasanna B (2003). Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plants—salient statistical tools and considerations. Crop science, 43 (4): 1235-1248.
  • Oduor KT (2016). Agro-morphologıcal and nutrıtıonal characterızatıon of tomato landraces (Lycopersicon species) in Africa. (Doctoral Dissertation), Unıversıty of Nairobi, Kenya
  • Özbay N (2021). ‘Guldar’ Domatesinin Coğrafi İşaret Almasına Yönelik Yürütülen Arazi ve Laboratuvar Çalışmaları. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 8 (2): 492-500.
  • Öztürk Hİ (2022). Morphological and molecular characterization of some Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes collected from Erzincan Province of Turkey. Molecular Biology Reports, 49 (7): 7111-7121.
  • Salim MMR, Rashid MH, Hossain MM, Zakaria M (2020). Morphological characterization of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19 (3): 233-240.
  • Seymen M, Yavuz D, Dursun A, Kurtar ES, Türkmen Ö (2019). Identification of drought-tolerant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes associated with certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and quality. Agricultural Water Management, 221: 150-159.
  • Singh B, Aakansha G (2015). Morphological and molecular characterization of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) genotypes. Vegetos, 28 (4): 67-75.
  • Tahtalı Y (2005). Gen dizilerinde temel bileşenler analizinin uygulanması, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.
  • TUİK (2023). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/
  • Türkmen Ö, Tekintaş F (1992). Invictus ve Coral standart domates çeşitlerinin van ekolojik koşullarında ekim zamanları ve dikim mesafelerinin verim ve erkenciliğe etkileri üzerine araştırmalar. I, Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, 2 (s 183), 13-16.
  • UPOV (2011). Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability: Tomato (TG/44/11 Rev.). International Union for the Pro-tection of New Varieties of Plants, Geneva.
  • Vishwanath K, Rajendra PS, Pallavi HM, Prasanna, KPR (2014). Characterization of tomato cultivars based on morphological traits. Annals of Plant Sciences, 3(11): 854-862.
  • Zhou R, Wu Z, Cao X, Jiang F (2015). Genetic diversity of cultivated and wild tomatoes revealed by morphological traits and SSR markers. Genetics and Molecular Research, 14 (4): 13868-13879.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Horticultural Production
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gülbanu Kıymacı 0000-0002-7693-7663

Ayşe Özgür Uncu 0000-0001-6435-579X

Önder Türkmen 0000-0003-3218-6551

Project Number 19201088
Early Pub Date April 30, 2024
Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date May 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 38 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Kıymacı G, Uncu AÖ, Türkmen Ö (April 1, 2024) Description of The Phenotypic Characteristics of Some Tomato Genotypes. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 38 1 9–26.
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