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Doğal Yaşlanmış Ağaç Malzemede Vernik Tutunma Direnci

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 847 - 854, 05.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1072314

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yeni ve doğal yaşlanmış ağaç malzemelerin yüzeyine uygulanan vernik katmanlarının tutunma dirençlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaca uygun olarak, meşe (Quercus petrea L.), kestane (Castanea sativa M.) ve sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ağaç malzemelerden her bir ağaç türü, yaş periyodu, kesit yönü ve vernik çeşidinin için 10’ar adet olmak üzere toplam 360 adet deney örneği hazırlanarak yüzeylerine poliüretan, akrilik ve su bazlı vernikler uygulanmıştır. Örneklerin tutunma direnci TS EN 4624’e uygun olarak çekme testi (pull-off test) ile belirlenmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda elde edilen verilerin, MSTAT-C paket yazılımı ile istatistiksel analizleri yapılarak gurup içi ve guruplar arası anlamlılık değerleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, yaş periyodunun vernik tutunma direncine etkisinin bulunamadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ağaç türü düzeyinde en yüksek tutunma direnci kestanede (3,361 N/mm2) elde edilmiş, bunu meşe (3,191 N/mm2) ve sarıçam (2,248 N/mm2) izlemiştir. Vernik çeşidi düzeyinde en yüksek tutunma direnci poliüretan vernikte (4,009 N/mm2) elde edilmiş, bunu sırasıyla akrilik vernik (3,754 N/mm2) ve su bazlı vernik (1,286 N/mm2) izlemiştir. Kesit yönü karşılaştırmalarında tutunma direnci teğet yönde (3,098 N/mm2), radyal yönden (2,935 N/mm2) daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yaş periyodu-vernik çeşidi ikili karşılaştırma düzeyinde en yüksek doğal yaşlanmış ağaç malzeme yüzeyine uygulanan poliüretan vernikte (4,307 N/mm2), en düşük ise doğal yaşlanmış ağaç malzeme yüzeyine uygulanan su bazlı vernikte (1,167 N/mm2) elde edilmiştir.

References

  • [1] Özgenç, Ö., Bilici, E., Durmaz, S., Söğütlü, C., Emik, S. “Enhancing weathering durability of pre-protected and unprotected wood by using bark extracts as natural UV absorbers in waterborne acrylic coating”, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 19(1), 303-321, (2022).
  • [2] Van den Bulcke, J., Rijckaert, V., Van Acker, J. ve Stevens, M., “Adhesion and weathering performance of waterborne coatings applied to different temperate and tropical wood species”, Journal of Coating Technology Research, 3(3):185-191, (2006).
  • [3] Budakçı, M., “Pneumatic Adhesion Test Device Design and Production”, Gazi University Technical Education Faculty Journal of Polytechnic, 9(1):53-58, (2006).
  • [4] Nelson, G.L., “Adhesion”, Paint and Coating Testing Manual, Chapter 44, ASTM Special Technical Publication, Philadelphia, P.A., 513-523, (1995).
  • [5] Corcoran, E. M., “Adhesion”, Painting Testing Manual, Chapter 5.3, ASTM Special Technical Publication, Philadelphia, P.A., 314-332, (1972).
  • [6] Sönmez, A., Budakçı, M., Surface Treatments in Woodworking ІI, Protective Layer and Paint/Varnish Systems, Gazi University Faculty of Technical Education, Ankara, (2004).
  • [7] Kúdela, J. ve Liptáková E., “Adhesion of coating materials to wood”, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 20(8):875-895, (2006).
  • [8] Vitosytė J., Ukvalbergienė K. and Keturakis G., “The effects of surface roughness on adhesion strength of coated ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and birch (Betula L.) wood, Materials Science, 18: 347-351, (2012).
  • [9] Sönmez, A., Budakçı, M., Yakın, M. “The Effects of Water Solvent Varnish Applications on Wood Material on Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Resistance”, Journal of Polytechnic, 7 (3): 229-235, (2004).
  • [10] Söğütlü, C., Sönmez, A., “The Effect of UV Lights on Color Changes on Some Local Wood Processed with Differential Preservatives”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi University, 21(1):151-159, (2006).
  • [11] Yakın, M., “Determination of Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Strength of Water Based Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Science and Technology, (2001).
  • [12] Kurtoğlu, A., General Information, “Wood Material Surface Treatments”, Vol1, İ.Ü. Faculty of Forestry Forest Ind. Eng. Dept., Istanbul. (2000).
  • [13] Sönmez, A., “Surface Treatments in Woodworking I”, Preparation and Coloring, Gazi University Faculty of Technical Education, Ankara, (2000).
  • [14] Döngel, N., Küreli, İ., Söğütlü, C., “The Effect of Dry Heat for the Colour and Gloss Changes on the Wood and Wood Based Floor Covering Materials”, Journal of Polytechnic, 11(3), 255-263, (2008).
  • [15] Özşahin, Ş., Singer, H., “Prediction of Wood's Surface Roughness and Adhesion Resistance with Artificial Neural Network”, Journal of Polytechnic, 22 (4), 889-900, (2019).
  • [16] Aykaç, S., Sofuoğlu, S. D., “Investigation of the Effect of Varnish Types on the Surface Properties of Bamboo Wood Material”, Journal of Polytechnic, 24 (4), 1353-1363, (2021).
  • [17] Atar M., Keskin H., Yavuzcan H.G., “Varnish Layer Hardness of Oriental Beech (Fagus Orientalist L.) Wood as Affected by Impregnation and Color Bleaching”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 1(3): 219-224, (2004). [18] Atar M., Çolakoğlu M. H., “Surface Adhesion Strength of Varnishes in Impregnated Woods”, Journal of Applied Science, 9(22): 4066-4070, (2009).
  • [19] Kılıç, K., Söğütlü, C., “Determination of the Gloss Values of Some Varnishes Applied on the Natural Aged Wood”, Journal of Polytechnic, 23 (4), 1423-1431, (2020).
  • [20] TS 2470, “Sampling Methods for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [21] TS 2471, “Determination of Moisture Amount for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [12] TS 2472, “Determination of Unit Weight for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [23] ASTM D 3023, “Determination of Resistance of Factory Applied Coatings on Wood Products of Stain and Reagents”, (1981).
  • [24] TS EN ISO 3251, “Determination of Non-Volatile Matter in Paints and Varnishes, Paints, Varnishes and Binders”, (2012).
  • [25] ASTM D 1005, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers”, (2001).
  • [26] TS EN 24624, “Paints and Varnishes-Tension Test”, (1996).
  • [27] ASTM D 4541, “Standard test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable adhesion testers”, (1995).
  • [28] TS EN ISO 4624, “Paints and Varnishes-Tension test for adhesion”, (2016).
  • [29] TS EN 311, “Wood-based boards-Surface strength Test method”, (2005).
  • [30] Söğütlü, C., Nzokou, P., Koc, I., Tutgun, R., Döngel, N, “The effects of surface roughness on varnish adhesion strength of wood materials”. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 13(5), 863-870, (2016).
  • [31] Yakın, M, “Determination of Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Strength of Water Based Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Science and Technology, (2001).
  • [32] Bayram M, “The Effect of Wood Material Moisture Content to Adhesion Strength of Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Turkey (2004).

Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material

Year 2023, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 847 - 854, 05.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1072314

Abstract

This study, it is aimed to determine the adhesion strength of varnish layers applied to the surface of fresh and naturally aged wood materials. For this purpose, oak (Quercus Petrea L.), chestnut (Castanea sativa M.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood materials were used for each wood species, age period, section direction and varnish type. A total of 360 test samples were prepared and polyurethane, acrylic and water-based varnishes were applied to their surfaces. The adhesion strength of the samples was determined by the pull-off test following TS EN 4624. The statistical analyzes of the data obtained as a result of the experiments were made with the MSTAT-C package software, and the significance values between and within the groups were determined. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the age period did not affect the varnish adhesion strength the highest adhesion strength at the wood species level was obtained in chestnut (3.361 N/mm2), followed by oak (3.191 N/mm2) and Scots pine (2.248 N/mm2). At the varnish type level, the highest adhesion strength was obtained in polyurethane varnish (4.009 N/mm2), followed by acrylic varnish (3.754 N/mm2) and water-based varnish (1.286 N/mm2), respectively. In the section direction comparisons, the adhesion strength was found higher in the tangential direction (3.098 N/mm2) and higher in the radial direction (2.935 N/mm2). In the comparison level of age period-varnish type, the highest was obtained in polyurethane varnish (4.307 N/mm2) applied to the surface of naturally aged wood material, and the lowest was obtained in water-based varnish (1,167 N/mm2) applied to the surface of naturally aged wood material.

References

  • [1] Özgenç, Ö., Bilici, E., Durmaz, S., Söğütlü, C., Emik, S. “Enhancing weathering durability of pre-protected and unprotected wood by using bark extracts as natural UV absorbers in waterborne acrylic coating”, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 19(1), 303-321, (2022).
  • [2] Van den Bulcke, J., Rijckaert, V., Van Acker, J. ve Stevens, M., “Adhesion and weathering performance of waterborne coatings applied to different temperate and tropical wood species”, Journal of Coating Technology Research, 3(3):185-191, (2006).
  • [3] Budakçı, M., “Pneumatic Adhesion Test Device Design and Production”, Gazi University Technical Education Faculty Journal of Polytechnic, 9(1):53-58, (2006).
  • [4] Nelson, G.L., “Adhesion”, Paint and Coating Testing Manual, Chapter 44, ASTM Special Technical Publication, Philadelphia, P.A., 513-523, (1995).
  • [5] Corcoran, E. M., “Adhesion”, Painting Testing Manual, Chapter 5.3, ASTM Special Technical Publication, Philadelphia, P.A., 314-332, (1972).
  • [6] Sönmez, A., Budakçı, M., Surface Treatments in Woodworking ІI, Protective Layer and Paint/Varnish Systems, Gazi University Faculty of Technical Education, Ankara, (2004).
  • [7] Kúdela, J. ve Liptáková E., “Adhesion of coating materials to wood”, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 20(8):875-895, (2006).
  • [8] Vitosytė J., Ukvalbergienė K. and Keturakis G., “The effects of surface roughness on adhesion strength of coated ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and birch (Betula L.) wood, Materials Science, 18: 347-351, (2012).
  • [9] Sönmez, A., Budakçı, M., Yakın, M. “The Effects of Water Solvent Varnish Applications on Wood Material on Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Resistance”, Journal of Polytechnic, 7 (3): 229-235, (2004).
  • [10] Söğütlü, C., Sönmez, A., “The Effect of UV Lights on Color Changes on Some Local Wood Processed with Differential Preservatives”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi University, 21(1):151-159, (2006).
  • [11] Yakın, M., “Determination of Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Strength of Water Based Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Science and Technology, (2001).
  • [12] Kurtoğlu, A., General Information, “Wood Material Surface Treatments”, Vol1, İ.Ü. Faculty of Forestry Forest Ind. Eng. Dept., Istanbul. (2000).
  • [13] Sönmez, A., “Surface Treatments in Woodworking I”, Preparation and Coloring, Gazi University Faculty of Technical Education, Ankara, (2000).
  • [14] Döngel, N., Küreli, İ., Söğütlü, C., “The Effect of Dry Heat for the Colour and Gloss Changes on the Wood and Wood Based Floor Covering Materials”, Journal of Polytechnic, 11(3), 255-263, (2008).
  • [15] Özşahin, Ş., Singer, H., “Prediction of Wood's Surface Roughness and Adhesion Resistance with Artificial Neural Network”, Journal of Polytechnic, 22 (4), 889-900, (2019).
  • [16] Aykaç, S., Sofuoğlu, S. D., “Investigation of the Effect of Varnish Types on the Surface Properties of Bamboo Wood Material”, Journal of Polytechnic, 24 (4), 1353-1363, (2021).
  • [17] Atar M., Keskin H., Yavuzcan H.G., “Varnish Layer Hardness of Oriental Beech (Fagus Orientalist L.) Wood as Affected by Impregnation and Color Bleaching”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 1(3): 219-224, (2004). [18] Atar M., Çolakoğlu M. H., “Surface Adhesion Strength of Varnishes in Impregnated Woods”, Journal of Applied Science, 9(22): 4066-4070, (2009).
  • [19] Kılıç, K., Söğütlü, C., “Determination of the Gloss Values of Some Varnishes Applied on the Natural Aged Wood”, Journal of Polytechnic, 23 (4), 1423-1431, (2020).
  • [20] TS 2470, “Sampling Methods for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [21] TS 2471, “Determination of Moisture Amount for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [12] TS 2472, “Determination of Unit Weight for Physical and Mechanical Experiments in Wood”, (1976).
  • [23] ASTM D 3023, “Determination of Resistance of Factory Applied Coatings on Wood Products of Stain and Reagents”, (1981).
  • [24] TS EN ISO 3251, “Determination of Non-Volatile Matter in Paints and Varnishes, Paints, Varnishes and Binders”, (2012).
  • [25] ASTM D 1005, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers”, (2001).
  • [26] TS EN 24624, “Paints and Varnishes-Tension Test”, (1996).
  • [27] ASTM D 4541, “Standard test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable adhesion testers”, (1995).
  • [28] TS EN ISO 4624, “Paints and Varnishes-Tension test for adhesion”, (2016).
  • [29] TS EN 311, “Wood-based boards-Surface strength Test method”, (2005).
  • [30] Söğütlü, C., Nzokou, P., Koc, I., Tutgun, R., Döngel, N, “The effects of surface roughness on varnish adhesion strength of wood materials”. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 13(5), 863-870, (2016).
  • [31] Yakın, M, “Determination of Hardness, Gloss and Adhesion Strength of Water Based Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University Institute of Science and Technology, (2001).
  • [32] Bayram M, “The Effect of Wood Material Moisture Content to Adhesion Strength of Varnishes”, M. Sc. Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Turkey (2004).
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kenan Kılıç 0000-0003-1607-9545

Cevdet Söğütlü 0000-0002-9359-1633

Publication Date July 5, 2023
Submission Date February 12, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 26 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıç, K., & Söğütlü, C. (2023). Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material. Politeknik Dergisi, 26(2), 847-854. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1072314
AMA Kılıç K, Söğütlü C. Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material. Politeknik Dergisi. July 2023;26(2):847-854. doi:10.2339/politeknik.1072314
Chicago Kılıç, Kenan, and Cevdet Söğütlü. “Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material”. Politeknik Dergisi 26, no. 2 (July 2023): 847-54. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1072314.
EndNote Kılıç K, Söğütlü C (July 1, 2023) Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material. Politeknik Dergisi 26 2 847–854.
IEEE K. Kılıç and C. Söğütlü, “Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material”, Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 847–854, 2023, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.1072314.
ISNAD Kılıç, Kenan - Söğütlü, Cevdet. “Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material”. Politeknik Dergisi 26/2 (July 2023), 847-854. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1072314.
JAMA Kılıç K, Söğütlü C. Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material. Politeknik Dergisi. 2023;26:847–854.
MLA Kılıç, Kenan and Cevdet Söğütlü. “Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material”. Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 2, 2023, pp. 847-54, doi:10.2339/politeknik.1072314.
Vancouver Kılıç K, Söğütlü C. Varnish Adhesion Strength in Natural Aged Wood Material. Politeknik Dergisi. 2023;26(2):847-54.