Abstract
Türkiye'de yollarda
meydana gelen römork eklenmiş iki tekerlekli traktör (Patpat) kazaları artış
eğilimindedir. Bu çalışma; kazaları ve kayıpları azaltmak amacıyla alınabilecek
önlemleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada 2006-2016 yıllarında
Türkiye’de yollarda meydana gelen kazalar incelenmiştir. Veriler, ölümlü ve
yaralanmalı kaza sayısı, ölü ve yaralı sayısı, kazaların bölge ve illere göre
dağılımı, kaza tipi, kaza zamanı, sürücü özellikleri, ilk yardım durumu gibi
kriterler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. 11 yıllık dönem içerisinde Polis
Sorumluluk Alanı (PSA)’nda 326 kaza (6 ölümlü, 320 yaralanmalı), Jandarma
Sorumluluk Alanı (JSA)’nda ise 318 kaza (25 ölümlü, 293 yaralanmalı) olmak
üzere toplam 644 kaza olmuştur. Kazalardan toplam 1458 kişi (34 ölü ve 1424
yaralı) etkilenmiştir. Kazalar çoğunlukla çarpma / çarpışma (PSA: %69.6,
JSA: %65.7) şeklinde ve yaz aylarında (PSA: % 40.5, JSA: % 43.1) meydana gelmiştir.
PSA’ndaki kazalar daha çok yerleşim yerlerinde (%82.5), JSA’ndaki kazalar ise
kırsal alanlarda (% 53.8) meydana gelmiştir. Kazaya karışan sürücülerin çoğu
ilkokul mezunu (PSA: %68.1, JSA: %47.5), erkek (PSA: %97.5:, JSA: %97.2) ve sürücü belgesine sahip değildir (PSA: %63.8,
JSA: %74.2). Standart yapıya sahip olmayan bu araçlar, yavaş hareket etme,
düşük frenleme ve direksiyon kabiliyeti ve geceleri görünürlüğünün düşük olması
sebebiyle karayolu trafiğine uygun değildir. Kazaların çoğunun insan kaynaklı
olması nedeniyle, eğitim ve trafik denetimine önem verilmelidir. Ayrıca ucuz ve
güvenli alternatif araçlara ihtiyaç vardır.
Keywords
References
- Akbolat D, Evren N, Yilmaz S, 2007. The evaluation of tractor and agricultural equipment accidents within the 1995-2003 years in Isparta province (In Turkish). Journal of Agr. Faculty of Süleyman Demirel University, 2(1): 7-14.
- Arslan A, 2017. An Analysis of Trailer-Attached One Axle-Tractor (Patpat) Accidents in Turkey. MSc Thesis. Dept. of Biosystems Engineering, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. 77p.
- Berk A, 2013. Processor driven integration of small-scale farmers into value chains in Turkey. Agrarian Structures Initiative. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
- Copuroglu C, Heybeli N, Ozcan M, Yilmaz B, Ciftdemir M, Copuroglu E, 2012. Major extremity injuries associated with farmyard accidents. The Scientific World Journal, Article ID 314038, 2012: 1-6.
- Darcin ES, Darcin M, Dogrul G, 2016. Alkan M. Traffic accidents involving tractors used for agricultural purposes (In Turkish). 8th Int. Conference on Safety & Health. 8-11 May 2016, İstanbul, Turkey, 975-981.
- Darcin ES, Darcin M, 2017.Fatal tractor injuries between 2005 and 2015 in Bilecik, Turkey. Biomed. Research, 28(2): 549-555.
- Dilay Y, Ozkan A, Aydin C, 2011. A safety assessment of the agricultural sector in Turkey. XXXIV. CIOSTA CIGR V Conference. 29 June -1 July. Vienna, Austria.
- Dogan KH, Demirci S, Sunam GS, Deniz I, Gunaydin G, 2010. Evaluation of farm tractor-related fatalities. American J. Forensic Med. Path. 31(1): 64-68.
- Ericson M, 2010. Two-wheel tractors: Road safety issues in Laos and Cambodia. Safety Science, 48: 537–543.
- Erkol Z, Buken B, Hekimoglu Y, Erkol H, Ince H, Erzengin OU, 2013. Analysis of tractor-related deaths. Journal of Agromedicine. 18: 87-97.
- Golbasi M, 2004. Agricultural Machinery accidents: Agricultural machinery safety guide (In Turkish). Ankara, Turkey.
- Golbasi M, 2016. Meeting report of Agricultural Mechanization Council (In Turkish). 26 November 2015. Antalya, Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food Agricultural and Livestock.
- Gorucu Keskin S, Keskin M, Soysal Y, 2012. Assessing farm tractor incidents and awareness levels of operators for tractor safety issues in the Hatay province of Turkey. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 18(2): 113-128.
- ILO 2000. Safety and health in agriculture. International Labour Organization (ILO). Published by SafeWork, ILO. 2000. pp. 24.
- Kahveci FO, Akca ASD, Piskin IE, 2015. Evaluation of occupational traumatic injuries in rural sectors of Turkey. Acta Medica Int. 2(1): 87-91.
- Karapolat S, Saritas A, Kandis H, Cikman M, Gezer S, Ozaydın I, Iskender A, Calikoglu C, Baltaci D, Uslu M, Karapolat B, Dumlu T, 2011. The evaluation of Pat-Pat related injuries in the western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Scand. J. of Trauma, Resuscitation and Em. Medicine, (19): 40. pp. 6.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, 2018a. Causal Factors in Thresher Accidents in Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University, 23(1): 76-84.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, 2018b. An Evaluation of Combine Harvester Accidents in Turkey. 4th Int. Agriculture Congress. 5-8 July 2018. Nevsehir, Turkey. Abstract Book. p.134.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, Arslan A, 2016. Analysis of on-road farm tractor accidents in Hatay province of Turkey from 2000 to 2015. Agric. Faculty Journal of Uludag Univ. 30: 325-333.
- Kim B, Lim S, Shin SY, Yum S, Kim YY, Yun N, Yu S, 2016. Risk assessment of a tractor based on accident cases: hazard identification and frequency estimation. ASABE Annual Meeting, Paper: 162462798. 17-20 July 2016, Orlando.
- Kücüker H, 2012. Analysis of Deaths Caused by Pat-Pat Accidents in Turkey. Traffic Injury Prevention, 13: 209–211.
- Lundqvist P, 1996. Evaluation of the improvements in working conditions on farms funded by the Swedish working life fund. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 2: 191-196.Myers ML, Cole HP, Westneat SC, 2006. Seatbelt use during tractor overturn. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 12(1):43-49.
- Oz E, 2005. Evaluation of the tractor accidents in Aegean region from the point of farm safety. Agr. Faculty Journal of Ege Univ. 42(2): 191-202.
- Saglam C, Cetin N, Kus ZA, 2017. Assessment of Tractor and Agricultural Machinery Accidents in Kayseri Province. Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research, 6: 20-34.
- Say F, Coskun HS, Erdogan M, Bulbul AM, Gurler D, 2016. Causes of open fractures: orthopaedic injuries related to home-made agricultural vehicles in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Turkish J. of Med. Sciences, 46: 972-976.
- Shridar B, Padmanathan PK, Manian R, 2006. Utilization pattern of power tillers in Tamil Nadu. Agric. Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA). 37: 85–89.
- TurkStat 2016. Number of tractors in Turkey (1988-2016). Turkish Statistical Institute www.turkstat.gov.tr
- Yavuz H, Simsek Z, Akbaba M, 2014. Health-risk behaviors in agriculture and related factors, Southeastern Anatolian region of Turkey. Journal of Agromed, 9: 364–372.
- Yildirim C, Altuntas E, 2015. Evaluating the Work Accidents Depending on the Work Safety Happened by Using Tractor and Agricultural Machinery in Tokat Province. Gaziosmanpasa Univ. Agr. Faculty Journal, 32(1): 77-90.
- Wilkins III JR, Engelhardt HL, Bean TL, Byers MV, Crawford JM, 2003. Prevalence of ROPS–Equipped Tractors and Farm / Farmer Characteristics. J. Agric. Safety and Health, 9(2): 107-118.
Abstract
Trailer attached two-wheel tractor (Patpat)
accidents on roads are in increasing trend in Turkey. This work examined these incidents
to help find precautions to reduce the accidents, casualties and monetary losses.
Accidents occurred on roads in Turkey from 2006 to 2016 were studied. The data
were analyzed based on the number of fatal and injury accidents, number of
killed and wounded, distribution to regions and provinces, accident types,
accident timings, features of the drivers, accessibility to first aid, etc. In
the 11 year period, 326 accidents (6 fatal, 320 injury) in Police
Responsibility Areas (PRA) and 318 accidents (25 fatal, 293 injury) in
Gendarmerie Responsibility Areas (GRA) with the total 644 accidents were
studied. A total of 1458 people (34 dead and 1424 injured) were affected. The
accidents occurred mostly as crash / collision (PRA: 69.6%, GRA: 65.7%) and
were most frequent during the summer (PRA: 40.5%, GRA: 43.1%). The incidents in
PRA were mostly in urban areas (82.5%) as the ones in GRA were mostly in the
rural areas (53.8%). Most of the operators had primary school education (PRA:
68.1%, GRA: 47.5%), were male (PRA: 97.5%, GRA: 97.2%) and had no driver's
license (PRA: 63.8%; GRA: 74.2%). These vehicles with no standard structure are
not suitable for road traffic as they are slow, with low braking and steering
ability and low visibility at night. As the majority of the incidents are of
human origin, training and traffic surveillance should be increased. Also, low-cost
and safer alternative vehicles are needed.
Keywords
References
- Akbolat D, Evren N, Yilmaz S, 2007. The evaluation of tractor and agricultural equipment accidents within the 1995-2003 years in Isparta province (In Turkish). Journal of Agr. Faculty of Süleyman Demirel University, 2(1): 7-14.
- Arslan A, 2017. An Analysis of Trailer-Attached One Axle-Tractor (Patpat) Accidents in Turkey. MSc Thesis. Dept. of Biosystems Engineering, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. 77p.
- Berk A, 2013. Processor driven integration of small-scale farmers into value chains in Turkey. Agrarian Structures Initiative. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
- Copuroglu C, Heybeli N, Ozcan M, Yilmaz B, Ciftdemir M, Copuroglu E, 2012. Major extremity injuries associated with farmyard accidents. The Scientific World Journal, Article ID 314038, 2012: 1-6.
- Darcin ES, Darcin M, Dogrul G, 2016. Alkan M. Traffic accidents involving tractors used for agricultural purposes (In Turkish). 8th Int. Conference on Safety & Health. 8-11 May 2016, İstanbul, Turkey, 975-981.
- Darcin ES, Darcin M, 2017.Fatal tractor injuries between 2005 and 2015 in Bilecik, Turkey. Biomed. Research, 28(2): 549-555.
- Dilay Y, Ozkan A, Aydin C, 2011. A safety assessment of the agricultural sector in Turkey. XXXIV. CIOSTA CIGR V Conference. 29 June -1 July. Vienna, Austria.
- Dogan KH, Demirci S, Sunam GS, Deniz I, Gunaydin G, 2010. Evaluation of farm tractor-related fatalities. American J. Forensic Med. Path. 31(1): 64-68.
- Ericson M, 2010. Two-wheel tractors: Road safety issues in Laos and Cambodia. Safety Science, 48: 537–543.
- Erkol Z, Buken B, Hekimoglu Y, Erkol H, Ince H, Erzengin OU, 2013. Analysis of tractor-related deaths. Journal of Agromedicine. 18: 87-97.
- Golbasi M, 2004. Agricultural Machinery accidents: Agricultural machinery safety guide (In Turkish). Ankara, Turkey.
- Golbasi M, 2016. Meeting report of Agricultural Mechanization Council (In Turkish). 26 November 2015. Antalya, Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food Agricultural and Livestock.
- Gorucu Keskin S, Keskin M, Soysal Y, 2012. Assessing farm tractor incidents and awareness levels of operators for tractor safety issues in the Hatay province of Turkey. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 18(2): 113-128.
- ILO 2000. Safety and health in agriculture. International Labour Organization (ILO). Published by SafeWork, ILO. 2000. pp. 24.
- Kahveci FO, Akca ASD, Piskin IE, 2015. Evaluation of occupational traumatic injuries in rural sectors of Turkey. Acta Medica Int. 2(1): 87-91.
- Karapolat S, Saritas A, Kandis H, Cikman M, Gezer S, Ozaydın I, Iskender A, Calikoglu C, Baltaci D, Uslu M, Karapolat B, Dumlu T, 2011. The evaluation of Pat-Pat related injuries in the western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Scand. J. of Trauma, Resuscitation and Em. Medicine, (19): 40. pp. 6.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, 2018a. Causal Factors in Thresher Accidents in Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University, 23(1): 76-84.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, 2018b. An Evaluation of Combine Harvester Accidents in Turkey. 4th Int. Agriculture Congress. 5-8 July 2018. Nevsehir, Turkey. Abstract Book. p.134.
- Keskin M, Sekerli YE, Arslan A, 2016. Analysis of on-road farm tractor accidents in Hatay province of Turkey from 2000 to 2015. Agric. Faculty Journal of Uludag Univ. 30: 325-333.
- Kim B, Lim S, Shin SY, Yum S, Kim YY, Yun N, Yu S, 2016. Risk assessment of a tractor based on accident cases: hazard identification and frequency estimation. ASABE Annual Meeting, Paper: 162462798. 17-20 July 2016, Orlando.
- Kücüker H, 2012. Analysis of Deaths Caused by Pat-Pat Accidents in Turkey. Traffic Injury Prevention, 13: 209–211.
- Lundqvist P, 1996. Evaluation of the improvements in working conditions on farms funded by the Swedish working life fund. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 2: 191-196.Myers ML, Cole HP, Westneat SC, 2006. Seatbelt use during tractor overturn. J. Agric. Safety & Health, 12(1):43-49.
- Oz E, 2005. Evaluation of the tractor accidents in Aegean region from the point of farm safety. Agr. Faculty Journal of Ege Univ. 42(2): 191-202.
- Saglam C, Cetin N, Kus ZA, 2017. Assessment of Tractor and Agricultural Machinery Accidents in Kayseri Province. Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research, 6: 20-34.
- Say F, Coskun HS, Erdogan M, Bulbul AM, Gurler D, 2016. Causes of open fractures: orthopaedic injuries related to home-made agricultural vehicles in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Turkish J. of Med. Sciences, 46: 972-976.
- Shridar B, Padmanathan PK, Manian R, 2006. Utilization pattern of power tillers in Tamil Nadu. Agric. Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA). 37: 85–89.
- TurkStat 2016. Number of tractors in Turkey (1988-2016). Turkish Statistical Institute www.turkstat.gov.tr
- Yavuz H, Simsek Z, Akbaba M, 2014. Health-risk behaviors in agriculture and related factors, Southeastern Anatolian region of Turkey. Journal of Agromed, 9: 364–372.
- Yildirim C, Altuntas E, 2015. Evaluating the Work Accidents Depending on the Work Safety Happened by Using Tractor and Agricultural Machinery in Tokat Province. Gaziosmanpasa Univ. Agr. Faculty Journal, 32(1): 77-90.
- Wilkins III JR, Engelhardt HL, Bean TL, Byers MV, Crawford JM, 2003. Prevalence of ROPS–Equipped Tractors and Farm / Farmer Characteristics. J. Agric. Safety and Health, 9(2): 107-118.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 25, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 23 Issue: 2 |
