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Aşılı bazı karpuz çeşitlerinin soğukta muhafazasında kalite özelliklerindeki değişimler

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 712 - 723, 18.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1246799

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Nun9075 anacı üzerine aşılı ‘Crimson Tide’, ‘Zeugma’ ve ‘Starburst’ karpuz çeşitlerinin soğukta muhafazasında kalite özelliklerindeki değişimler belirlenmiştir. Karpuzlar Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Alata Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsü (Erdemli, Mersin, Türkiye)’nde yetiştirilmiş ve 5 hafta süreyle 4 °C sıcaklık ve %90‒95 oransal nemde depolanmıştır. Karpuzun 6 farklı kısımından meyve örneği alınmıştır. Farklı ortamlarda muhafaza edilen meyve örneklerinde fungal bozulmalar ve fizyolojik değişiklikler çeşitli fiziksel ve kimyasal yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve ortaya çıkan farklılıklar kayıt edilmiştir. Analizler muhafaza süresince haftalık aralıklarla yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, depolama süresince her üç çeşitte de ağırlık kayıpları çok düşük (<%1) olmuştur. Muhafaza sırasında her üç çeşitte de fungal ve fizyolojik bozulmalar saptanmamıştır. Zeugma’ ve ‘Starburst’ karpuz çeşitlerinin meyvelerinin SÇKM içerikleri ‘Crimson Tide’ karpuz çeşidi meyvelerinden daha yüksek olmuştur. TEA miktarı üzerine çeşitlerin etkisi istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur. En yüksek glikoz ve fruktoz içeriği Zeugma’ çeşidi meyvelerinde saptanmıştır. En yüksek sakaroz, C vitamini, antioksidan kapasite ve toplam fenolik madde içeriği ‘Crimson Tide’ meyvelerinde belirlenmiştir. ‘Starburst’ karpuz çeşitlerinin meyvelerinin meyve et rengi h° değeri diğer çeşitlerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Ethical Statement

Bu makalede insan veya hayvan deneklerle herhangi bir çalışma bulunmaması nedeniyle etik onaya gerek duyulmamaktadır.

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğüne, Alata Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Enstitüsüne, Tarım Sigortaları Havuzuna ve Antalya Tarım A.Ş.’e teşekkür ederler.

References

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  • Alan, O., Şen, F., & Duzyaman, E. (2018). The effectiveness of growth cycles on improving fruit quality for grafted watermelon combinations. Food Science and Technology, 38 (1), 270-277. https://doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.20817
  • Alan, Ö., Özdemir, N., & Günen, Y. (2007). Effect of grafting on watermelon plant growth, yield and quality. Journal of Agronomy, 6, 362-365.
  • Aras, V., Özdemir, A.E., Yetişir, H., Çandır, E., Güler, Z., Aslan, Ö., Üstün, D., Baltaer, Ö., & Ünlü, M. (2015). Sergen koşullarda aşılı Crimson Tide çeşidi karpuzlarda kalite parametrelerindeki değişimler. Alatarım, 14 (1), 9-18.
  • Aras, V., Sarı, N., & Solmaz, İ. (2022). Effects of Cucurbita, Lagenaria and Citrullus rootstocks on pollen and fruit characters, seed yield and quality of F1 hybrid watermelon. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 6 (4), 683-693. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.4.24
  • Balkaya, A., Güngör, B., Sarıbaş, Ş., & Yıldız, S. (2018). Determination of the effects of pumpkin rootstock on yield and fruit quality in mini watermelon cultivation. YYÜ Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28 (özel sayı), 237-246. https://doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.381414
  • Bartolome, A.P., Ruperez, P., & Fuster, C. (1995). Pineapple fruit: Morphological characteristics, chemical composition and sensory analysis of Red Spanish and Smooth Cayenne cultivars. Food Chemistry, 53, 75-79.
  • Boughalleb, N., Tarchoun, N., El Mbarki, A., & El Mahjoub, M. (2007). Resistance evaluation of nine cucurbit rootstocks and grafted watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) varieties against Fusarium wilt and Fusarium crown and root rot. Journal of Plant Sciences, 2 (1), 102-107. https://doi: 10.3923/jps.2007.102.107
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  • Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Karaca, F., & Üstün, D. (2013). Phytochemical characteristics of grafted watermelon on different bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) collected from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37, 443-456. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1207-21
  • Davis, A.R., & Perkins-Veazie, P. (2005). Rootstock effects on plant vigor and watermelon fruit quality. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report, 28, 39-42.
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  • Karaca, F., Yetişir, H., Solmaz, I., Çandır, E., Kurt, Ş., Sarı, N., & Güler, Z. (2012). Rootstock potential of Turkish Lagenaria siceraria germplasm for watermelon: Plant growth, yield and quality. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 36, 167-177. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1101-1716
  • Klimczak, I., Malecka, M., Szlachta, M., & Gliszczyńska-Świglo, A. (2007). Effect of storage on the content of polyphenols, vitamin C and the antioxidant activity of orange juices. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20, 313-322. https://doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2006.02.012
  • Kurum, R., Çelik, İ. & Eren, A. (2018). Effects of rootstocks on fruit yield and some quality traits of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Derim, 34 (2), 91-98. https://doi: 10.16882/derim.2017.283012
  • Kyriacou, M.C., & Soteriou, G. (2015). Quality and postharvest performance of watermelon fruit in response to grafting on interspecific cucurbit rootstocks. Journal of Food Quality, 38, 21-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfq.12124
  • McGuire, R.G. (1992). Reporting of objective colour measurement. HortScience, 27, 1254-1255. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.27.12.1254
  • Mengulluoglu, M., & Soylu S. (2012). Antibacterial activities of essential oils from several medicinal plants against the seed-borne bacterial disease agent Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli. Research on Crops, 13, 641-646.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Aras, V., Ünlü, M., Arslan, R., & Eroğlu, Ç. (2022). Aşılı ve Aşısız ‘Paskal’ Karpuz Çeşidinde Hasat Sonrası Meyve Kalitesindeki Değişimler. V. International Agriculture Congress, 06‒09 December 2022 (Online), 207‒215.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Candır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Baltaer, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2016). Effects rootstocks on storage and shelf life of grafted watermelons. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 89, 191-201. https://doi.org/10.5073/JABFQ.2016.089.024
  • Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Baltaer, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2018). Rootstocks affected postharvest performance of grafted ‘Crisby’ and ‘Crimson Tide’ watermelon cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24, 453-462.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Karaca, F., & Üstün, D. (2010). Storage and shelf life of grafted watermelons. Cucurbitaceae 2010 Proceedings, 14-18 Kasım 2010, Charleston, South Carolina, ABD, 280‒283.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Yetişir, H., Çandır, E., Aras, V., Aslan, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2014). Aşılı üretilen Crimson Tide karpuz çeşidinin hasat olum zamanının saptanması. Alatarım Dergisi, 13 (2), 9-14.
  • Perkins-Veazie, P., & Collins, J.K. (2006). Carotenoid changes of intact watermelons after storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 5868-5874. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0532664
  • Proietti, S., Rouphael, Y., Colla, G., Cardarelli, M., De Agazio, M., Zacchini, M., Rea, E., Moscatello, S., & Battistelli, A. (2008). Fruit quality of mini-watermelon as affected by grafting and irrigation regimes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88, 1107-1114. https:// doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3207
  • Risse, L.A., Brecht, J.K., Sargent, S.A., Locascio, S.J., Crall, J.M., Elmstrom, G.W., & Maynard, D.N. (1990). Storage characteristics of small watermelon cultivars. American Society for Horticultural Science, 115 (3), 440-443. http://journal.ashspublications.org/ content/115/3/440.full.pdf
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  • Schwarz, D., Rouphael, Y., Colla, G., & Venema, J.H. (2010). Grafting as a tool to improve tolerance of vegetables to abiotic stresses: Thermal stress, water stress and organic pollutants. Scientia Horticulturae, 127 (2), 162-171. https://doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.09.016
  • Suárez-Hernández, Á.M., Grimaldo-Juárez, O., García López, A.M., González-Mendoza, D., & Huitrón Ramírez, M.V. (2016). Influence of rootstock on postharvest watermelon quality. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 23 (1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2016.06.019
  • Suslow, T.V. (1997). Watermelon: Recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality. https:// postharvest.ucdavis.edu/Commodity_Resources/Fact_Sheets/Datastores/Fruit_English/?uid=60&ds=798
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Changes in quality characteristics of grafted some watermelon cultivars in cold storage

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 712 - 723, 18.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1246799

Abstract

In this study, changes in the quality characteristics of 'Crimson Tide', 'Zeugma' and 'Starburst' watermelon cultivars grafted on Nun9075 rootstock were determined in cold storage. Watermelons were grown in the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Alata Horticultural Research Institute, Erdemli, Mersin, Türkiye and stored at 4 °C and 90‒95% relative humidity for 5 weeks. Fruit samples were taken from 6 different parts of the watermelon. Fungal spoilage and physiological changes in fruit samples stored in different environments were analyzed using various physical and chemical methods and the differences were recorded. Analyzes were made at weekly intervals during storage. According to the findings, weight losses were very low (<1%) in all three cultivars during storage. No fungal or physiological deterioration was detected in all three cultivars during storage. TSS contents of the ‘Zeugma’ and ‘Starburst2 watermelon cultivars were higher than the 'Crimson Tide' watermelon cultivars. The effects of cultivars on TA content were found to be statistically insignificant. The highest glucose and fructose contents were determined in ‘Zeugma' variety fruits. The highest sucrose, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content were determined in 'Crimson Tide' fruits. The fruit juice color h° value of the 'Starburst' watermelon cultivars was found to be higher than the other cultivars.

References

  • Abdulkasım, P., Songchitsomboon, S., Techagumpuch, M., Balee, N., Swatsitang, P., & Sungpuag, N. (2007). Antioxidant capacity, total phenolics and sugar content of selected Thai health beverages. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 58 (1), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480601140946
  • Alan, O., Şen, F., & Duzyaman, E. (2018). The effectiveness of growth cycles on improving fruit quality for grafted watermelon combinations. Food Science and Technology, 38 (1), 270-277. https://doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.20817
  • Alan, Ö., Özdemir, N., & Günen, Y. (2007). Effect of grafting on watermelon plant growth, yield and quality. Journal of Agronomy, 6, 362-365.
  • Aras, V., Özdemir, A.E., Yetişir, H., Çandır, E., Güler, Z., Aslan, Ö., Üstün, D., Baltaer, Ö., & Ünlü, M. (2015). Sergen koşullarda aşılı Crimson Tide çeşidi karpuzlarda kalite parametrelerindeki değişimler. Alatarım, 14 (1), 9-18.
  • Aras, V., Sarı, N., & Solmaz, İ. (2022). Effects of Cucurbita, Lagenaria and Citrullus rootstocks on pollen and fruit characters, seed yield and quality of F1 hybrid watermelon. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 6 (4), 683-693. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.4.24
  • Balkaya, A., Güngör, B., Sarıbaş, Ş., & Yıldız, S. (2018). Determination of the effects of pumpkin rootstock on yield and fruit quality in mini watermelon cultivation. YYÜ Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28 (özel sayı), 237-246. https://doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.381414
  • Bartolome, A.P., Ruperez, P., & Fuster, C. (1995). Pineapple fruit: Morphological characteristics, chemical composition and sensory analysis of Red Spanish and Smooth Cayenne cultivars. Food Chemistry, 53, 75-79.
  • Boughalleb, N., Tarchoun, N., El Mbarki, A., & El Mahjoub, M. (2007). Resistance evaluation of nine cucurbit rootstocks and grafted watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) varieties against Fusarium wilt and Fusarium crown and root rot. Journal of Plant Sciences, 2 (1), 102-107. https://doi: 10.3923/jps.2007.102.107
  • Cemeroğlu, B. (2010). Gıda Analizleri. Gıda Teknolojileri Derneği Yayınları, No: 34.
  • Çandır, E., Özdemir, A.E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Baltaer, Ö., & Ünlü, M. (2021). Effects of chilling injury, physical and biochemical changes on grafted watermelons stored at low temperature. HortiS, 38 (2), 71-84. http://doi.org/10.16882/HortiS.951086
  • Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Karaca, F., & Üstün, D. (2013). Phytochemical characteristics of grafted watermelon on different bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) collected from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37, 443-456. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1207-21
  • Davis, A.R., & Perkins-Veazie, P. (2005). Rootstock effects on plant vigor and watermelon fruit quality. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report, 28, 39-42.
  • Evrenosoğlu, Y., Alan, Ö., & Özdemir, N. (2010). Leaf phenolic content of some squash rootstocks used on watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai) growing and phenolic accumulation on grafted cultivar. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5, 732-737. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR09.776
  • FAO (2023). Faostat Statistical Database. www.fao.org (Erişim Tarihi: 15.01.2023).
  • Gil, M.I., Aguayo, E., & Kader, A.A. (2006). Quality changes and nutrient retention in fresh-cut versus whole fruits during storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54 (12), 4284-4296. https:/doi: 10.1021/jf060303y
  • Güçdemir, İ.H. (2006). Türkiye Gübre ve Gübreleme Rehberi. Güncelleştirilmiş ve Genişletilmiş 5. Baskı. T.C Tarım ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Ankara, 231 (T69).
  • Karaağaç, O., Balkaya, A. & Kafkas, N.E. (2018). Karpuzda (Citrullus lanatus) meyve kalitesi ve aroma özellikleri üzerine anaçların etkisi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 33, 92-104. https:// doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.381414
  • Karaca, F., Yetişir, H., Solmaz, I., Çandır, E., Kurt, Ş., Sarı, N., & Güler, Z. (2012). Rootstock potential of Turkish Lagenaria siceraria germplasm for watermelon: Plant growth, yield and quality. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 36, 167-177. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1101-1716
  • Klimczak, I., Malecka, M., Szlachta, M., & Gliszczyńska-Świglo, A. (2007). Effect of storage on the content of polyphenols, vitamin C and the antioxidant activity of orange juices. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20, 313-322. https://doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2006.02.012
  • Kurum, R., Çelik, İ. & Eren, A. (2018). Effects of rootstocks on fruit yield and some quality traits of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Derim, 34 (2), 91-98. https://doi: 10.16882/derim.2017.283012
  • Kyriacou, M.C., & Soteriou, G. (2015). Quality and postharvest performance of watermelon fruit in response to grafting on interspecific cucurbit rootstocks. Journal of Food Quality, 38, 21-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfq.12124
  • McGuire, R.G. (1992). Reporting of objective colour measurement. HortScience, 27, 1254-1255. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.27.12.1254
  • Mengulluoglu, M., & Soylu S. (2012). Antibacterial activities of essential oils from several medicinal plants against the seed-borne bacterial disease agent Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli. Research on Crops, 13, 641-646.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Aras, V., Ünlü, M., Arslan, R., & Eroğlu, Ç. (2022). Aşılı ve Aşısız ‘Paskal’ Karpuz Çeşidinde Hasat Sonrası Meyve Kalitesindeki Değişimler. V. International Agriculture Congress, 06‒09 December 2022 (Online), 207‒215.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Candır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Baltaer, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2016). Effects rootstocks on storage and shelf life of grafted watermelons. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 89, 191-201. https://doi.org/10.5073/JABFQ.2016.089.024
  • Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Baltaer, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2018). Rootstocks affected postharvest performance of grafted ‘Crisby’ and ‘Crimson Tide’ watermelon cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24, 453-462.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Çandır, E., Yetişir, H., Aras, V., Arslan, Ö., Karaca, F., & Üstün, D. (2010). Storage and shelf life of grafted watermelons. Cucurbitaceae 2010 Proceedings, 14-18 Kasım 2010, Charleston, South Carolina, ABD, 280‒283.
  • Özdemir, A.E., Yetişir, H., Çandır, E., Aras, V., Aslan, Ö., Üstün, D., & Ünlü, M. (2014). Aşılı üretilen Crimson Tide karpuz çeşidinin hasat olum zamanının saptanması. Alatarım Dergisi, 13 (2), 9-14.
  • Perkins-Veazie, P., & Collins, J.K. (2006). Carotenoid changes of intact watermelons after storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 5868-5874. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0532664
  • Proietti, S., Rouphael, Y., Colla, G., Cardarelli, M., De Agazio, M., Zacchini, M., Rea, E., Moscatello, S., & Battistelli, A. (2008). Fruit quality of mini-watermelon as affected by grafting and irrigation regimes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88, 1107-1114. https:// doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3207
  • Risse, L.A., Brecht, J.K., Sargent, S.A., Locascio, S.J., Crall, J.M., Elmstrom, G.W., & Maynard, D.N. (1990). Storage characteristics of small watermelon cultivars. American Society for Horticultural Science, 115 (3), 440-443. http://journal.ashspublications.org/ content/115/3/440.full.pdf
  • Sadler, G.O. (1994). Titratable acidity. Chapter 6 (Ed: Nielsen, S.S., Introduction to the Chemical Analysis of Foods). Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Borton, USA, 81-91.
  • SAS (2019). SAS Users Guide; SAS/STAT, Version 9.4. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C.
  • Schwarz, D., Rouphael, Y., Colla, G., & Venema, J.H. (2010). Grafting as a tool to improve tolerance of vegetables to abiotic stresses: Thermal stress, water stress and organic pollutants. Scientia Horticulturae, 127 (2), 162-171. https://doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.09.016
  • Suárez-Hernández, Á.M., Grimaldo-Juárez, O., García López, A.M., González-Mendoza, D., & Huitrón Ramírez, M.V. (2016). Influence of rootstock on postharvest watermelon quality. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 23 (1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2016.06.019
  • Suslow, T.V. (1997). Watermelon: Recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality. https:// postharvest.ucdavis.edu/Commodity_Resources/Fact_Sheets/Datastores/Fruit_English/?uid=60&ds=798
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There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Mustafa Ünlü 0000-0001-9957-2954

Veysel Aras 0000-0003-3372-2096

Ahmet Erhan Özdemir 0000-0001-7114-5715

Rıdvan Arslan 0000-0002-8834-753X

Evren Çağlar Eroğlu 0000-0002-1169-9000

Early Pub Date December 1, 2023
Publication Date December 18, 2023
Submission Date February 2, 2023
Acceptance Date September 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 28 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ünlü, M., Aras, V., Özdemir, A. E., Arslan, R., et al. (2023). Aşılı bazı karpuz çeşitlerinin soğukta muhafazasında kalite özelliklerindeki değişimler. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(3), 712-723. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1246799

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