Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effect of bilateral intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) on pain in diabetic patients.
Material and Method: Of the 42 patients who underwent bilateral IVR for diabetic retinopathy and macular edema, 42 eyes injected first were considered as group 1 and 42 eyes injected second were considered as group 2. During the injection, pain was assessed using a numerical scale (NS) and a verbal category scale (VCS) .
Results: The mean age of 20 male (47.7%) patients in the groups was 59.90±6.03 years, and the mean age of 22 female (52.3%) patients was 60.72±3.88 years (p=0.52). In Group 1, the NS was 3.78±1.11, while in Group 2 it was 4.14±1.37, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.01). In group 1, VCS was 2.30±0.71, while in group 2, VCS was 2.73±0.93, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.01).
Conclusion: In diabetic patients who underwent bilateral IVR in the same session, pain sensation in the first injected eye was found to be less. This should be taken into consideration in bilateral IVR application.
Keywords
References
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Abstract
References
- Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1047-53.
- Küçükerdönmez C, Gelisken F, Yoeruek E, et al. Switching intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2015;25:51-6.
- Raj PP Ağri Taksonomisi. In: Erdine S, ed., Ağrı. Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul. 2000;12-9.
- Black JM, Matasarrin-Jacobs E. Medical-surgical nursing, 4th edition, WB Saunders Co., London 1993;313-58.
- Boccard E, Garbior JL. Pain and its expression in six European Countries: a survey. Pain Clin. 1996;9:77-88.
- Aiello LP, Brucker AJ, Chang S et al. Evolving guidelines for intravitreous injections. Retina. 2004;24:S3-19.
- Cintra LP, Lucena LR, Da Silva JA et al. Comparative study of analgesic effectiveness using three different anesthetic techniques for intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2009;40:13-8.
- Ertan E, Duman R, Duman R. Comparison of pain during intravitreal dexamethasone, ranibizumab and aflibercept injection. Clin Exp Optom. 2020;103:630-3.
- Shin SH, Park SP, Kim YK. Factors associated with pain following intravitreal injections. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2018;32:196-203.
- Georgakopoulos CD. Tsapardoni F, Makri OE. Effect of bromfenac on paın related to intravitreal injections: a Randomized Crossover Study. Retina. 2017;37:388-95.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Ophthalmology |
| Journal Section | Original Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 31, 2024 |
| Submission Date | December 15, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | January 28, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
Chief Editors
Assoc. Prof. Zülal Öner
Address: İzmir Bakırçay University, Department of Anatomy, İzmir, Türkiye
Assoc. Prof. Deniz Şenol
Address: Düzce University, Department of Anatomy, Düzce, Türkiye
E-mail: medrecsjournal@gmail.com
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Medical Records Association (Tıbbi Kayıtlar Derneği)
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