Abstract
Covid-19'un dünyadaki insan yaşamının farklı
bileşenleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini anlama çabaları giderek artmaktadır.
Balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği krizden en çok etkilenen sektörler
arasındadır. Bu sektörler Türkiye ekonomisi için yüksek ihracat potansiyeline
sahiptir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada Covid-19'un Türkiye'nin su ürünleri ihracatı
üzerindeki ilk etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan su
ürünlerinin miktarına (kg) ve gümrük değerine (USD) ilişkin ihracat verileri
2019 ve 2020'nin ilk çeyreğine aittir. Fisher miktar endeksi ve fiyat endeksi,
2019-2020 yılları arasında ihraç edilen ürünlerin miktar ve gümrük değerlerinin
ortalama olarak sırasıyla % 3,79 ve % 4,22 azaldığını göstermiştir. İhracat
istatistiklerinin ayrıntılı analizi, ihraç edilen bazı ürünlerin ve ihraç
edilen bazı ülkelerin Türkiye’nin su ürünleri ihracatının yönünü ve gücünü
belirlediğini göstermiştir. Bu ürünler ağırlıklı olarak taze levrek, çipura,
mavi yüzgeçli orkinos, sazan ve başlıca ülkeler ise Almanya, Hollanda, İspanya,
İtalya, Rusya, Yunanistan ve Japonya olup, bu ürünlerin 2019'dan 2020'ye göre
ihracatı % -7,89 (miktar) ve % -7,43 (gümrük değeri-$) azalmıştır. Bunların
yanında Çin, Hong Kong ve ABD'ye ihraç edilen dondurulmuş deniz hıyarı
sırasıyla % 56,07, % 24 ve % 5,5 oranında, dondurulmuş veya taze yengeç,
karides, ıstakoz, dondurulmuş fileto (alabalık, çipura ve levrek) ve canlı
balık (çipura ve levrek) ihracatı da sırasıyla % 31,08 ve % 48,55 oranında azalmıştır.
Genel düşüşün aksine Güney Kore, Yunanistan ve Çin'e ihraç edilen taze, canlı
ve dondurulmuş salyangoz, midye, ahtapot, kalamar, mürekkepbalığı 2020'de 2019'
a göre % 58,59 oranında artmıştır. Ayrıca, ihraç edilen kurutulmuş, tuzlanmış
veya salamura edilmiş balık ve tütsülenmiş balık (miktar olarak % 7,24),
konserve su ürünleri (miktar olarak % 26,63) ve donmuş levrek, çipura ve ton
balığı (miktar olarak% 7.56) artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, genelde, konserve,
dondurulmuş ve tütsülenmiş balık olarak ihraç edilen ürünlerin talebinde bir
artış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak bu artışlar, henüz diğer ürünlerin
taleplerindeki düşüşleri telafi etmemiştir. Bu kaotik durumda, Türk hükümeti
öncelikle kısa dönemde balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği sektörlerine
derhal fon sağlamalıdır. Risk yönetimi bağlamında, hükümet orta ve uzun vadede
balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği sektörlerini korumak ve iyileştirmek amacıyla
işleme endüstrileri için hem hacim hem de ürün çeşitliliğinde kapasitenin
arttırılması ile ilgili olarak yeni düzenlemeler ve promosyonlar yapmalıdır.
Keywords
References
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- Can, M. F. & Demirci, A. (2012). Fisheries Management in Turkey. International Journal of Aquaculture, 2(8): 48-58.
- CFI, (2020). Fisher Price Index. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/economics/fisher-price-index/
- Chun, Z. (2020). Coronavirus hits sustainable aquaculture, chinadialogue ocean. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://chinadialogueocean.net/13453-coronavirus-hits-sustainable-aquaculture
- Clarke, K. R. (1993). Non-parametricmultivariateanalysis of changes in communitystructure. Australian Journal of Ecology, 18: 117-143.
- Demirci, A., Can, M. F. & Akar, Ö. (2019). The capacity analysis of aquaculture production facilities from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Marine and Life Sciences, 1(1): 32-38. (In Turkish)
- Doğan, K. (1997). Su ürünleri sektörü Türk ekonomisinin neresinde. SÜMDER Su Ürünleri Mühendisleri Derneği Dergisi, 1: 15-20. (In Turkish)
- Estrada, M. A. R., Park, D., Koutronas, E., Khan, A. & Tahir, M. (2020). The Impact of Massive Infectious and Contagious Diseases and Its Impact on the Economic Performance: The Case of Wuhan, China, Social Science Research Network Report.
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- FAO, (2020). Q&A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-food-and-agriculture/en/
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- FIS, (2020b). Covid-19: Galicia seeks to keep its fleet operational in third countries. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?monthyear=3-2020&day=31&id=107040&l=e&country=0&special=&ndb=1&df=0
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- Fishfarmingexpert, (2020a). Covid-19 causes salmon farmer to halve dividend. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/covid-19-causes-salmon-farmer-to-halve-dividend-pay-out/
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- Gezmen, S., Şimşek, E. and Demirci, A. (2015). Evaluation of dynamics of fish retail trade in Iskenderun. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 1(1): 33-44. (In Turkish)
- Guo, Y. R., Cao, Q. D., Hong, Z. S., Tan, Y. Y., Chen, S. D., Jin, H. J., Tan, K. S., Wang, D. Y. & Yan, Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak–an update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1): 1-10.
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- Lu, H., Stratton, C. W. & Tang, Y. W. (2020). Outbreak of Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan China: the Mystery and the Miracle. Journal of Medical Virology, 92: 401-402.
- Scholaert, F. (2020). Support for the fishing and aquaculture sectors in the coronavirus crisis, European Parliament Think Tank. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/search.html?authors=102692
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- Şahinöz, E., Doğru, Z. & Aral, F. (2017). Current Situation of Fishery in Turkey and the World. Journal of Urban Academy, 10(32): 466-476. (In Turkish)
- Şimşek, E. & Can, M. F. (2019). Ege bölgesi su ürünleri üretim tesislerinin analizi. V. International Congress on Natural and Health Sciences (ICNHS-2019) Adana, Turkey, Proceedings Book, 512-526. (In Turkish)
- Wright, J. (2020). World’s largest seafood business conference held in Bergen amid escalating coronavirus fears, Notes from the 15th North Atlantic Seafood Forum, Global Aquaculture Alliance. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/notes-from-the-15th-north-atlantic-seafood-forum/?headlessPrint=AAAAAPIA9c8r7gs8%E2%80%A6
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The evaluation of the early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the export of fishery commodities of Turkey
Abstract
Increasing attempts have been directed to understand the negative impacts of COVID-19 on different components of human life across the World. Fisheries and aquaculture sectors which are important sectors with high potential for export in the Turkish economy were immediately hit by the crisis. In this study, therefore, the early impacts of the COVID-19 on the export of aquatic products of Turkey were evaluated by using export data on quantity (kg) and customs value (USD) of the aquatic products belong to the first quarter period of 2019 and 2020. Fisher quantity index and price index showed that the mean values of exported products in both quantity and customs were decreased by 3.79% and 4.22% from 2019 to 2020, respectively. Drill-down analysis of export statistics showed that fresh Sea bass, Sea bream, Bluefin tuna, Carp were main exported products and Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Russia, Greece, and Japan were main exported countries that determined the way and strength of the Turkish export on aquatic products. Their exports from 2019 to 2020 were changed as -7.89% (in quantity) and -7.43% (in customs value-USD). Frozen sea cucumber exported to China, Hong Kong, and the USA was decreased by 56.07%, 24%, and 5.5%, respectively. The export of frozen or fresh crab, shrimp, lobster, frozen fillet (trout, sea bream and sea bass) and live fish (sea bream and sea bass) were also decreased by 31.08% and 48.55%, respectively. In contrast to the general decrease, the quantity of fresh, live, and frozen snails, mussels, octopus, squid and cuttlefish exported to South Korea, Greece, and China was increased by 58.59%. Also, the export of dried, salted, or pickled and smoked fish (7.24% in quantity), canned aquatic products (26.63% in quantity) and frozen sea bass, sea bream, and tuna fish (7.56% in quantity) were increased. In conclusion, it was clearly identified that, in general, the products exported as mostly canned, frozen, and smoked fish have experienced an increase in demand. However, these increases have not been compensated for the decreases in demand for other products, yet. In that chaotic situation, therefore, the Turkish government should immediately fund the fisheries and aquaculture sectors. In the context of risk management, the government also should make new arrangements and promotions for processing industries (enhancing the capacity both in volume and in product variety) to protect and improve fishing and aquaculture sectors in the mid and long term.
Keywords
References
- AA, (2020). Türkiye'nin su ürünleri ihracatı levrek ve çipurayla rekora koştu. Anadolu Ajansı. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/turkiyenin-su-urunleri-ihracati-levrek-ve-cipurayla-rekora-kostu/1707155 (In Turkish)
- Can, M. F. & Demirci, A. (2012). Fisheries Management in Turkey. International Journal of Aquaculture, 2(8): 48-58.
- CFI, (2020). Fisher Price Index. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/economics/fisher-price-index/
- Chun, Z. (2020). Coronavirus hits sustainable aquaculture, chinadialogue ocean. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://chinadialogueocean.net/13453-coronavirus-hits-sustainable-aquaculture
- Clarke, K. R. (1993). Non-parametricmultivariateanalysis of changes in communitystructure. Australian Journal of Ecology, 18: 117-143.
- Demirci, A., Can, M. F. & Akar, Ö. (2019). The capacity analysis of aquaculture production facilities from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Marine and Life Sciences, 1(1): 32-38. (In Turkish)
- Doğan, K. (1997). Su ürünleri sektörü Türk ekonomisinin neresinde. SÜMDER Su Ürünleri Mühendisleri Derneği Dergisi, 1: 15-20. (In Turkish)
- Estrada, M. A. R., Park, D., Koutronas, E., Khan, A. & Tahir, M. (2020). The Impact of Massive Infectious and Contagious Diseases and Its Impact on the Economic Performance: The Case of Wuhan, China, Social Science Research Network Report.
- EU, (2020). Guidelines concerning the exercise of the free movement of workers during COVID-19 outbreak. Official Journal of the European Union, CI 102/12: 2020/C 102 I/03.
- FAO, (2020). Q&A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-food-and-agriculture/en/
- FIS, (2020a). IN BRIEF - Coronavirus (COVID-19): Sapporo Central Wholesale Market stops Seafood Auctions.Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/search_brief.asp?l=e&id=106723&ndb=1&monthyear=&day=&country=0&df=1
- FIS, (2020b). Covid-19: Galicia seeks to keep its fleet operational in third countries. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?monthyear=3-2020&day=31&id=107040&l=e&country=0&special=&ndb=1&df=0
- Fisher, F. M. & Shell, K. (1972). The Economic Theory of Price Indices: Two Essays on the Effects of Taste, Quality, and Technological Change. Academic Press. 134 pp.
- Fisher, F. M. & Shell, K. (1998). Economic analysis of production price indexes. Cambridge University Press. 242 pp.
- Fishfarmingexpert, (2020a). Covid-19 causes salmon farmer to halve dividend. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/covid-19-causes-salmon-farmer-to-halve-dividend-pay-out/
- Fishfarmingexpert, (2020b). Ova demand unaffected by Covid-19, says Benchmark. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/salmon-eggs-demand-unaffected-by-covid-19-says-benchmark/
- Gezmen, S., Şimşek, E. and Demirci, A. (2015). Evaluation of dynamics of fish retail trade in Iskenderun. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 1(1): 33-44. (In Turkish)
- Guo, Y. R., Cao, Q. D., Hong, Z. S., Tan, Y. Y., Chen, S. D., Jin, H. J., Tan, K. S., Wang, D. Y. & Yan, Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak–an update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1): 1-10.
- Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T. & Ryan, P. D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica. 4(1), 262 p.
- Harari, Y. N. (2020). The world after coronavirus, Financial Times. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.ft.com/content/19d90308-6858-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75
- Lu, H., Stratton, C. W. & Tang, Y. W. (2020). Outbreak of Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan China: the Mystery and the Miracle. Journal of Medical Virology, 92: 401-402.
- Scholaert, F. (2020). Support for the fishing and aquaculture sectors in the coronavirus crisis, European Parliament Think Tank. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/search.html?authors=102692
- Sohrabi, C., Alsafi, Z., O’Neill, N., Khan, M., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C. & Agha, R. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). International Journal of Surgery, 76:71-76.
- Şahinöz, E., Doğru, Z. & Aral, F. (2017). Current Situation of Fishery in Turkey and the World. Journal of Urban Academy, 10(32): 466-476. (In Turkish)
- Şimşek, E. & Can, M. F. (2019). Ege bölgesi su ürünleri üretim tesislerinin analizi. V. International Congress on Natural and Health Sciences (ICNHS-2019) Adana, Turkey, Proceedings Book, 512-526. (In Turkish)
- Wright, J. (2020). World’s largest seafood business conference held in Bergen amid escalating coronavirus fears, Notes from the 15th North Atlantic Seafood Forum, Global Aquaculture Alliance. Retrieved on April 22, 2020 from https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/notes-from-the-15th-north-atlantic-seafood-forum/?headlessPrint=AAAAAPIA9c8r7gs8%E2%80%A6
- Zeren, F. & Hızarcı, A. E. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 Coronavirus on stock markets: evidence from selected countries. Bulletin of Accounting and Finance Reviews, 3(1): 78-84.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Fisheries Management |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2020 |
| Submission Date | April 26, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | June 5, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 |
