Research Article
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To Evaluate the Recreational Functions of Botanical Parks with User Participation

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 152 - 162, 22.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1261981

Abstract

Parks, which are one of the indispensable elements of urban open green spaces, provide physical and mental relaxation of humans supporting their recreational needs. Moreover, parks which strengthen the image of cities and increase the quality of life, provide social and economic benefits. While the botanical parks in the parks serve as urban open green spaces that provide awareness to people by introducing plant diversity, they are in an important position both in terms of contributing to the urban ecosystem and creating opportunities for recreational activities. In this study, the recreational functions of Bakırköy Botanical Park, located in the Bakırköy district of Istanbul, which the most important metropolitan city of Turkey, were evaluated with user participation. Questionnaire method was used in the study. In the survey, users stated that they perceived Bakırköy Botanical Park as an urban park, and it was determined that mostly young people (26-35 years old) visited the park and spent 1-3 hours. It was observed that in terms of comfort and image, a park to get away from the crowd (78%) is important as well as the presence of children's playgrounds (66.80%). Although the park has some deficiencies in terms of equipment and maintenance, it has been seen that it cannot adequately fulfill its educational function. As a result, solutions have been proposed in the direction of the necessity of making the necessary arrangements for the Bakırköy Botanical Park to maintain both its recreational and educational functions well.

References

  • Aksoy, V., Akpinar, A. (2011). Research about public green area use and green area demand in Istanbul Fatih district. Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Science, 20: 81-96.
  • Arslan, E,S,, Kaymaz, I. (2020). Visitor perception of recreational ecosystem services and their role in landscape management of Gölcük Nature Park, Turkey. Internati-onal Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 27: 202–213.
  • Ayar, H., Ayyıldız Durhan, T., Karaküçük, S. (2021). The relationship between environmental attitude and environmentally friendly recreational behaviors in partici-pation in park recreation activities. European Journal of Education Studies, 8(5): 85-100.
  • Bahriny, F., Bell, S. (2021). Traditional versus modern? Perceptions and preferences of urban park osers in Iran. Sustainability. 13(4): 2036; DOI: 10.3390/su13042036.
  • Ballantyne, R.,.Packer Hughes, K. (2008). Environmental Awareness, Interests and Motives of Botanic Gardens Visitors: Implications for Interpretive Practice. Tourism Management. 29: 439-444.
  • Borrie, W.T., Birzell, R.M. (2001). Approaches to measuring quality of the wilderness experience. http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs p020/rmrs_p020 029 038 (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2022)
  • Connell, J., Meyer, D. (2004). Modeling the visitor expe-rience in the gardens of Great Britain. Current Issues in Tourism, 7(3): 183-216.
  • Demircan, N., Yılmaz, H. (2004). Erzurum kentinde botanik bahçesi oluşturulması üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(3-4): 193-200.
  • Fischler, R. (2000). Planning for social betterment: from standart of living to quality of life, urban planning in a changing world, The Twentieth-Century Experience, 183 pp. London.
  • Güneroğlu, N., Pektaş, S. (2022). Evaluation of Sera lake nature park in terms of user satisfaction. Turkish Journal of Forestry Research, Special Issue, 9: 124 – 132.
  • Güngör, S., Çakır, M. (2021). Kent parklarında kullanıcı tercihlerinin değerlendirilmesi “Kyoto Japon Parkı ve Kalehan Ecdat Parkı Örneği. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. Özel Sayı 28: 362-367.
  • Gurel, A., Gunduz, A.E. (2011). İstanbul'un ekolojik yapısı üzerine bir araştırma. Marmara Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1):1-12
  • Hepcan, Ç.C., Ozkan, B. (2005). Determination of the facilities and services of botanic gardens as an urban open spaces. Journal of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, 42(3): 159-170.
  • Kaffashi, S., Shamsudin, M.N., Radam, A., Rahim, K.A., Yacobe, M.R. (2013). We are willing to pay to support wetland conservation: local users’ perspective. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 20(4): 325–335.
  • Karaşah, B., Var, M. (2016). Determination of visitor preferences in botanic gardens ‘Case of Nezahat Gokyigit Botanic Garden. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 16(1): 120-130
  • Konakoğlu, Z.N., Bekar, İ. ( 2021). The city identity and urban parks relationship: The example of Trabzon. Asos Journal, The Journal of Academic Social Science, 9(118): 211-223.
  • Lee, T.H., Shen, Y.L. (2013). The influence of leisure involvement and place attachment on destination loyalty: evidence from recreationists walking their dogs in urban parks. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33: 76–85.
  • Mat Nazir, N.N., Othman, N., Nawawi, A.H. (2014). Green infrastructure and its roles in enhancing quality of life. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 153(2014): 384-394.
  • Miller, D., Merrileesa, B., Coghlanb, A (2015). Sustainable urban tourism: Understanding and developing visitor proenvironmental behaviors. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(1): 26-48.
  • Onsekiz, D., Emür, S.H. (2018). Determinatıon of user preferences and evaluation criteria in city parks. Journal of Erciyes University Institute of Social Sciences, 24: 69-104.
  • Öztürk, S.M., Temel, S.C. (2019). Evaluation of quality criteria in urban parks: The case of Karabük Kordon park. Kent Akademisi, 12: 752-764.
  • Pirselimoglu Batman, Z., Özer, P., Ayaz, E. (2019), The evaluation of ecology-based tourism potential in coastal villages in accordance with landscape values and user demands: The Bursa-Mudanya-Kumyaka case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26(2): 166-178.
  • Razak, M.A.W., Othman, N., Mat Nazir, N.N. (2016). Con-necting people with nature: Urban park and human well-being. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222(23): 476 – 484.
  • Sağlik, A., Kelkit, A. (2014). A study on the influence of Çanakkale urban parks on life quality. COMU Journal Agriculturae Faculty, 2(2): 43–55.
  • Sarp, A., Yücedağ, C., Kaya, L.G. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemi sürecinde parklar üzerine kullanıcıların görüşleri: Antalya-Konyaaltı örneği. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1): 69-75.
  • Sasidharan, V. (2002). Special issue introduction: understanding recreation and the environment within the context of culture. Leisure Sciences, 24(1): 1-11.
  • Shapoval, V., Rivera, M. , Croes, R. (2020). The quality of gardens tourism and the visitor experience: differentiating between first time and repeat visitors. Annals of Leisure Research, 24(2):1-19.
  • Sin, N.H., Anh, T.H.P. (2020). Push and pull factors impacting visitors’ loyalty: A case of Saigon zoo and botanical gardens. Journal of Science Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 10(2): 120-135.
  • Sökmen, E.D., Yener, Ş.D. (2022). Bentler tabiat parkının rekreasyon potansiyelini değerlendirmeye yönelik bir çalışma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13(2): 176-188.
  • Stanford, D., Guiver, J. (2016). Driving proenvironmental change in tourist destinations: encouraging sustainab-le travel in national parks via partnership project creation and implementation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 249(3): 484-505.
  • Şat, B. (2002). Doğa koruma ve çevre eğitimi açısından arboretumların işlevleri ve Atatürk arboretumu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. 121 s.
  • Talay, İ., Kaya, F., Belkayalı, N. (2010). Sosyo-ekonomik yapının rekreasyonel eğilim ve talepler üzerine etkisi: Bartın kenti örneği. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2): 147-156.
  • TÜİK, (2022). Bakırköy İlçe Nüfusu. Türkiye İstatistik Kuru-nu. https://www.tuik.gov.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 15/08/2022)
  • URL-1 (2022) Botanic Park. https://www.bakirkoy.bel.tr/bakirkoy/botanik-parki.html (Erişim Tarihi: 12.08.2022) Vural, H. (2012). Tarım ve gıda ekonomisi istatistiği. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Notları No: 107.
  • Yıldız, B., Keskin, H. (2018). Kaz dağları (İda) milli parkının rekreasyonel açıdan değerlendirilmesi. Academia. Accelerating the World's research. Kazdaglari-_120200329-79993-1utok4k-with-cover-page-v2.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 12/11/2022)
  • Zafri, N.M., Jahangir, A., Prithuli, A.A., Sharmin, N., Islam, I. (2019). Who uses urban parks? A study of user characteristics and activity patterns of Ramna Park, Dhaka. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 9(2): 5-14. Zhou, B, Huang, M., Li, C.L., Xu, B. (2022). Leisure const-raint and mental health: The case of park users in Ningbo, China. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 39(2022): 100562; DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2022.100562.

Botanik Parkların Rekreasyonel İşlevlerinin Kullanıcı Katılımı ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 152 - 162, 22.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1261981

Abstract

Kentsel açık yeşil alanların vazgeçilemez unsurlarından birisi olan parklar, insanların fiziksel ve ruhsal açıdan rahatlamalarını sağlamakla birlikte rekreasyon ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktadır. Kentlerin imajı güçlendiren ve yaşam kalitesini yükselten parklar, sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan da yarar sağlarlar. Parklar içerisinde yer alan botanik parklar insanlara bitkisel çeşitliliği tanıtarak farkındalık sağlayan kentsel açık yeşil alanlar olarak hizmet etmekle birlikte hem kent ekosistemine katkı sağlamaları hem de rekreasyonel aktivitelere olanak yaratmaları açısından önemli bir konumdadırlar. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin en önemli Metropol kenti olan İstanbul’un Bakırköy ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer alan Bakırköy Botanik Parkının rekreasyonel işlevleri kullanıcı katılımı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Anket çalışmasında kullanıcılar Bakırköy Botanik Parkını bir kent parkı olarak algıladıkları belirtmiş olup çoğunlukla gençlerin (26-35 yaş) parkı ziyaret ettiği ve 1-3 saat zaman geçirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Konfor ve imaj açısından kalabalıktan uzaklaşmak (%78) için gelinen bir park olması yanı sıra, çocuk oyun alanlarının varlığının önemli (%66,80) olduğu görülmüştür. Parkın donatı elemanları ve bakım yönünden bir takım eksiklikleri bulunmakla birlikte eğitim işlevini yeterince yerine getiremediği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, Bakırköy Botanik Parkı’nın hem rekrasyonel hem de eğitsel işlevlerini iyi bir biçimde sürdürebilmesi için gereken düzenlemelerin yapılması gerekliliği yönünde çözümler önerilmiştir.

References

  • Aksoy, V., Akpinar, A. (2011). Research about public green area use and green area demand in Istanbul Fatih district. Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Science, 20: 81-96.
  • Arslan, E,S,, Kaymaz, I. (2020). Visitor perception of recreational ecosystem services and their role in landscape management of Gölcük Nature Park, Turkey. Internati-onal Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 27: 202–213.
  • Ayar, H., Ayyıldız Durhan, T., Karaküçük, S. (2021). The relationship between environmental attitude and environmentally friendly recreational behaviors in partici-pation in park recreation activities. European Journal of Education Studies, 8(5): 85-100.
  • Bahriny, F., Bell, S. (2021). Traditional versus modern? Perceptions and preferences of urban park osers in Iran. Sustainability. 13(4): 2036; DOI: 10.3390/su13042036.
  • Ballantyne, R.,.Packer Hughes, K. (2008). Environmental Awareness, Interests and Motives of Botanic Gardens Visitors: Implications for Interpretive Practice. Tourism Management. 29: 439-444.
  • Borrie, W.T., Birzell, R.M. (2001). Approaches to measuring quality of the wilderness experience. http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs p020/rmrs_p020 029 038 (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2022)
  • Connell, J., Meyer, D. (2004). Modeling the visitor expe-rience in the gardens of Great Britain. Current Issues in Tourism, 7(3): 183-216.
  • Demircan, N., Yılmaz, H. (2004). Erzurum kentinde botanik bahçesi oluşturulması üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(3-4): 193-200.
  • Fischler, R. (2000). Planning for social betterment: from standart of living to quality of life, urban planning in a changing world, The Twentieth-Century Experience, 183 pp. London.
  • Güneroğlu, N., Pektaş, S. (2022). Evaluation of Sera lake nature park in terms of user satisfaction. Turkish Journal of Forestry Research, Special Issue, 9: 124 – 132.
  • Güngör, S., Çakır, M. (2021). Kent parklarında kullanıcı tercihlerinin değerlendirilmesi “Kyoto Japon Parkı ve Kalehan Ecdat Parkı Örneği. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. Özel Sayı 28: 362-367.
  • Gurel, A., Gunduz, A.E. (2011). İstanbul'un ekolojik yapısı üzerine bir araştırma. Marmara Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1):1-12
  • Hepcan, Ç.C., Ozkan, B. (2005). Determination of the facilities and services of botanic gardens as an urban open spaces. Journal of Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, 42(3): 159-170.
  • Kaffashi, S., Shamsudin, M.N., Radam, A., Rahim, K.A., Yacobe, M.R. (2013). We are willing to pay to support wetland conservation: local users’ perspective. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 20(4): 325–335.
  • Karaşah, B., Var, M. (2016). Determination of visitor preferences in botanic gardens ‘Case of Nezahat Gokyigit Botanic Garden. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 16(1): 120-130
  • Konakoğlu, Z.N., Bekar, İ. ( 2021). The city identity and urban parks relationship: The example of Trabzon. Asos Journal, The Journal of Academic Social Science, 9(118): 211-223.
  • Lee, T.H., Shen, Y.L. (2013). The influence of leisure involvement and place attachment on destination loyalty: evidence from recreationists walking their dogs in urban parks. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33: 76–85.
  • Mat Nazir, N.N., Othman, N., Nawawi, A.H. (2014). Green infrastructure and its roles in enhancing quality of life. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, 153(2014): 384-394.
  • Miller, D., Merrileesa, B., Coghlanb, A (2015). Sustainable urban tourism: Understanding and developing visitor proenvironmental behaviors. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(1): 26-48.
  • Onsekiz, D., Emür, S.H. (2018). Determinatıon of user preferences and evaluation criteria in city parks. Journal of Erciyes University Institute of Social Sciences, 24: 69-104.
  • Öztürk, S.M., Temel, S.C. (2019). Evaluation of quality criteria in urban parks: The case of Karabük Kordon park. Kent Akademisi, 12: 752-764.
  • Pirselimoglu Batman, Z., Özer, P., Ayaz, E. (2019), The evaluation of ecology-based tourism potential in coastal villages in accordance with landscape values and user demands: The Bursa-Mudanya-Kumyaka case. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26(2): 166-178.
  • Razak, M.A.W., Othman, N., Mat Nazir, N.N. (2016). Con-necting people with nature: Urban park and human well-being. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222(23): 476 – 484.
  • Sağlik, A., Kelkit, A. (2014). A study on the influence of Çanakkale urban parks on life quality. COMU Journal Agriculturae Faculty, 2(2): 43–55.
  • Sarp, A., Yücedağ, C., Kaya, L.G. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemi sürecinde parklar üzerine kullanıcıların görüşleri: Antalya-Konyaaltı örneği. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(1): 69-75.
  • Sasidharan, V. (2002). Special issue introduction: understanding recreation and the environment within the context of culture. Leisure Sciences, 24(1): 1-11.
  • Shapoval, V., Rivera, M. , Croes, R. (2020). The quality of gardens tourism and the visitor experience: differentiating between first time and repeat visitors. Annals of Leisure Research, 24(2):1-19.
  • Sin, N.H., Anh, T.H.P. (2020). Push and pull factors impacting visitors’ loyalty: A case of Saigon zoo and botanical gardens. Journal of Science Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 10(2): 120-135.
  • Sökmen, E.D., Yener, Ş.D. (2022). Bentler tabiat parkının rekreasyon potansiyelini değerlendirmeye yönelik bir çalışma. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13(2): 176-188.
  • Stanford, D., Guiver, J. (2016). Driving proenvironmental change in tourist destinations: encouraging sustainab-le travel in national parks via partnership project creation and implementation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 249(3): 484-505.
  • Şat, B. (2002). Doğa koruma ve çevre eğitimi açısından arboretumların işlevleri ve Atatürk arboretumu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. 121 s.
  • Talay, İ., Kaya, F., Belkayalı, N. (2010). Sosyo-ekonomik yapının rekreasyonel eğilim ve talepler üzerine etkisi: Bartın kenti örneği. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2): 147-156.
  • TÜİK, (2022). Bakırköy İlçe Nüfusu. Türkiye İstatistik Kuru-nu. https://www.tuik.gov.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 15/08/2022)
  • URL-1 (2022) Botanic Park. https://www.bakirkoy.bel.tr/bakirkoy/botanik-parki.html (Erişim Tarihi: 12.08.2022) Vural, H. (2012). Tarım ve gıda ekonomisi istatistiği. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Notları No: 107.
  • Yıldız, B., Keskin, H. (2018). Kaz dağları (İda) milli parkının rekreasyonel açıdan değerlendirilmesi. Academia. Accelerating the World's research. Kazdaglari-_120200329-79993-1utok4k-with-cover-page-v2.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 12/11/2022)
  • Zafri, N.M., Jahangir, A., Prithuli, A.A., Sharmin, N., Islam, I. (2019). Who uses urban parks? A study of user characteristics and activity patterns of Ramna Park, Dhaka. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 9(2): 5-14. Zhou, B, Huang, M., Li, C.L., Xu, B. (2022). Leisure const-raint and mental health: The case of park users in Ningbo, China. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 39(2022): 100562; DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2022.100562.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Landscape Architecture
Journal Section Research Paper
Authors

Nilüfer Seyidoğlu Akdeniz 0000-0001-6789-4473

Şerife Doğanay Yener 0000-0002-9229-3941

Early Pub Date June 14, 2023
Publication Date June 22, 2023
Acceptance Date May 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Seyidoğlu Akdeniz, N., & Yener, Ş. D. (2023). Botanik Parkların Rekreasyonel İşlevlerinin Kullanıcı Katılımı ile Değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(1), 152-162. https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.1261981